Laboratory Studies at MPTB, NIDCR with Implications for Sjögren’s Syndrome
Gene Transfer
Since 1991 very intense and productive efforts have been made to transfer genes to salivary cells. Dr. Baum and coworkers have worked toward the development of multiple applications using gene transfer to salivary glands. Early gene transfer studies have used adenovirus as the sole vector. However, the virus can produce a substantial inflammatory response that renders it unattractive as a general vector, while it is still useful for specific indications. Subsequent experiments have begun to focus on adeno-associated virus as this vector is associated with a lesser inflammatory reaction in the host. Other vectors are currently being investigated as well. Investigations have included animal model studies directed toward introducing TH2 cytokines, such as IL-10 and IL-4, which tend to decrease inflammation. Cytokines are molecules that communicate between cells of the immune system. The transfer of other genes has also been under investigation.
Artificial Salivary Gland
Efforts are currently underway to develop an artificial salivary gland in collaboration with Dr. David Mooney at the University of Michigan and Dr. Kenneth Yamada at NIDCR. A blind-end tube, constructed from a biodegradable substrate, will be lined with a monolayer of epithelial cells and engineered to secrete salivary fluid. This will be inserted in buccal mucosa (the cells lining the inside of the cheek).