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Shortage Designation: HPSAs, MUAs & MUPs

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Proposed Rule
: Instead of issuing a final regulation as the next step, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services will issue a new Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for further review and public comment prior to issuing a final rule. ( Federal Register Notice, 7-23-2008)

The Health Resources and Services Administration Shortage Designation Branch develops shortage designation criteria and uses them to decide whether or not a geographic area, population group or facility is a Health Professional Shortage Area or a Medically Underserved Area or Population.

Health Professional Shortage Areas

HPSAs may be designated as having a shortage of primary medical care, dental or mental health providers. They may be urban or rural areas, population groups or medical or other public facilities.

As of September 30, 2008, there are:

  • 6,033 Primary Care HPSAs with 64 million people living in them. It would take 16,336 practitioners to meet their need for primary care providers (a population to practitioner ratio of 2,000:1).
  • 4,048 Dental HPSAs with 48 million people living in them. It would take 9,432 practitioners to meet their need for dental providers (a population to practitioner ratio of 3,000:1).
  • 3,059 Mental Health HPSAs with 77 million people living in them. It would take 5,145 practitioners to meet their need for mental health providers (a population to practitioner ratio of 10,000:1).
Medically Underserved Areas/Populations

Medically Underserved Areas (MUA) may be a whole county or a group of contiguous counties, a group of county or civil divisions or a group of urban census tracts in which residents have a shortage of personal health services. 

Medically Underserved Populations (MUPs) may include groups of persons who face economic, cultural or linguistic barriers to health care.

Contact: sdb@hrsa.gov or 1-888-275-4772. Press option 1, then option 2

Page last updated: November 5, 2008


Programs that Benefit Shortage Areas
 

Health Center Program grants to providers in underserved areas

Rural Health Clinic Program cost-based reimbursement from Medicare and Medicaid

Medicare HPSA Bonus Payment for physicians

National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program for primary care professionals

National Health Service Corps Scholarship Program for primary care health professions students

Indian Health Service Scholarship Program for health professions students

Exchange Visitor Program for foreign physicians with J-1 visas working in shortage areas

Conrad State 30 Program allows States 30 J-1 visa waivers each year in exchange for service in a shortage area