• Functional Disability Inventory [ Time Frame: Baseline (1 week pre-treatment), 1 week post-treatment, 3 months, 6 months and 12-months post-treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• School absences [ Time Frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Health care utilization for IBD [ Time Frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Pediatric Quality of Life [ Time Frame: Baseline (1 week pre-treatment), 1 week post-treatment, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn's and ulcerative colitis; IBD), a serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents, is often associated with high rates of health care utilization and disability, including school absences. While psychosocial factors are not believed to cause IBD, research suggests that they may increase illness-related dysfunction. Prior studies suggest that response to chronic illness is, in part, acquired during childhood through social learning processes and may be modified with psychosocial interventions. This randomized controlled trial will compare a social learning and cognitive behavior therapy (SLCBT) treatment to an education and support condition (ES). 180 children with IBD will be recruited and followed for 12 months. It is hypothesized that SLCBT participants, compared to those in the ES condition, will, at one-year follow-up: 1) exhibit greater decreases in IBD symptoms, medical visits for IBD, and functional disability, and greater increases in quality of life; 2) demonstrate greater use of cognitive coping, relaxation and stress management skills, and their parents will demonstrate greater reductions in maladaptive responses to illness behavior; and 3) exhibit greater reductions in anxiety, depression, and somatization. Results will lead to innovative interventions for IBD and other chronic childhood medical conditions.