Patients with a history of transient ischemic attack or minor stroke within three months of enrollment and an ipsilateral 30-69% carotid stenosis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with neurological symptoms due to ischemia in the carotid artery territory and with a carotid stenosis between 30% and 69% as detected by ultrasound examination

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a probable cardiac source of embolism (rhythm disorders, mitral valve stenosis, prolapse or calcification, mechanical cardiac valves, recent myocardial infarction, left ventricular thrombus, atrial myxoma, endocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, patent foramen ovale) or a clotting disorder.
• Patients with evident other cause of neurological symptoms than carotid stenosis due to atherosclerotic disease (like demyelinating diseases, epilepsy, congenital brain disorders, aneurysms, fibromuscular dysplasia, etc.).
• Patients already scheduled for carotid endarterectomy or stenting
• Severe co-morbidity, dementia, or pregnancy.
• Standard contra-indications for MRI (ferromagnetic implants like pacemakers or other electronic implants, metallic eye fragments, vascular clips, claustrophobia, documented allergy to contrast media, renal insufficiency, etc).
• Patients who were referred from another hospital to one of the three participating hospitals (to avoid referral bias).
• Patients who had a TIA or minor stroke more than 3 weeks before inclusion
• Patients who had a prior TIA or stroke