X81 - Geographic Subdivisions-General Information
MARC 21 Authority
October 1999
"Full" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Format for Authority Data that contains detailed descriptions of every data element, along with examples, input conventions and history sections.
"Concise" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Concise Format for Authority Data that contains abridged descriptions of every data element, along with examples.
181 - Heading - Geographic Subdivision (NR)
Full |
Concise
481 - See From Tracing - Geographic Subdivision (R)
Full |
Concise
581 - See Also From Tracing - Geographic Subdivision
Full |
Concise(R)
781 - Established Heading Linking Entry - Geographic Subdivision (R)
Full |
Concise
First Indicator
Undefined
# - Undefined
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Second Indicator
181/481/581
-
Undefined
# - Undefined
781
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Thesaurus
0 - Library of Congress Subject Headings
1 - LC subject headings for children's literature
2 - Medical Subject Headings
3 - National Agricultural Library subject authority file
4 - Source not specified
5 - Canadian Subject Headings
6 - Répertoire de vedettes-matière
7 - Source specified in subfield $2 |
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Subfield Codes
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Tracing and linking subfields
$i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) [481/581]
$w - Control subfield (NR) [481/581/781]
$0 - Record control number (R) [581/781]
$2 - Source of heading or term (NR) [781]
$5 - Institution to which field applies (R) [481/581/781]
$6 - Linkage (NR)
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R)
| Subject subdivision portion
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
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GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS
Content designators identify the subelements occurring in geographic subdivision
headings constructed according to generally accepted thesaurus-building conventions
(e.g., Library of Congress Subject Headings, Medical Subject Headings). A
geographic subdivision is used as a subdivision portion of an extended subject or index
term access field in bibliographic records. A geographic name that is used as the lead
element of an established heading record is contained in a 151 (Heading-Geographic Name)
field.
Only generally-applicable content designators are described in full in this section. A
small number of content designators with field-specific instructions are described in
the Tracings and References-General Information section (for field 481 and 581)
and the 7XX Heading Linking Entries-General Information section (for field
781).
■ INDICATORS
First Indicator - Undefined Undefined and contains a blank (#).
Second Indicator In fields 181, 481, and 581, the second indicator position is undefined and
contains a blank (#). For field 781, the second indicator position contains one of
the values described in the
7XX Heading Linking Entries-General
Information section.
■ SUBFIELD CODES
$i - Reference instruction phrase [481/581]Reference instruction phrase other than those that may be system generated from
the field tag or from the codes defined for subfield $w (Control subfield).
Subfield $i is appropriate only in field 481 and 581. Guidelines for applying
subfield $i are provided in the Tracings and References-General
Information section.
$v - Form subdivision Designates a specific kind or genre of material as defined by the thesaurus being
used. Subfield $v is appropriate in an X81 field only when a form subject
subdivision is added to a geographic subdivision to form an extended subdivision
heading.
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| 181 |
##$zParis (France)$vPhotographs |
$w - Control subfield [481/581/781]Codes in one or more character positions defined to control the display of
information and specify relationships, restrictions, and status. Subfield $w is
appropriate only in field 481, 581, and 781. Character position definitions and
guidelines for applying the codes defined for subfield $w in field 481 and 581 are
provided in the Tracings and References-General Information section.
Character position definitions and guidelines for field 781 are in the 7XX
Heading Linking Entries-General Information section.
$x - General subdivision Topical or language subdivision term. Subfield $x is appropriate in an X81 field
only when a general subdivision is added to a geographic subdivision to form an
extended subdivision heading.
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| 181 |
##$zMississippi$zTippah County$xHistory |
$y - Chronological subdivision Subdivision term that represents a period of time. Subfield $y is appropriate in
an X81 field only when a chronological subdivision is added to a geographic
subdivision to form an extended subdivision heading.
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| 181 |
##$zWashington (D.C.)$y1890-1910 |
| 181 |
##$zFrance$y18th century |
$z - Geographic subdivision
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| 181 |
##$zHudson River Valley (N.Y. and N.J.) |
| 181 |
##$zUnited States |
| 181 |
##$zNew York (State)$zBuffalo |
| 181 |
##$zItaly, Southern |
$0 - Record control number [581/781]
$2 - Source of heading or term [781]Code that identifies the source of a heading or term when the second indicator
position contains value 7. Subfield $2 is appropriate only in field 781.
Guidelines for applying subfield $2 are provided in the
7XX Heading Linking
Entries—General Information section.
$5 - Institution to which field applies [481/581/781]
$8 - Field link and sequence number
INPUT CONVENTIONS
Punctuation - Punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by subject heading
system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. An
X81 field does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the field ends with an
abbreviation or data that ends with a mark of punctuation.
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| 181 |
##$zMexico$xSocieties, etc. |
Spacing - No spaces are used in initialisms.
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| 181 |
##$zWashington (D.C.) |
| 181 |
##$zHudson River Valley (N.Y. and N.J.) |
Display Constant
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[dash associated with the content of subfield $v, $x, $y, and $z] |
Dash (-) that precedes a subdivision in an extended heading is not carried in the MARC
record. It may be system generated as a display constant associated with the content of
subfield $v, $x, $y, and $z.
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Content designated field:
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| 181 |
##$zWashington (D.C.)$y1890-1910
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Display example:
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Washington (D.C.)-1890-1910
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