APPENDIX B: BIBLIOGRAPHY  

B.1 FEMA RISK MANAGEMENT SERIES PUBLICATIONS

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2003. Reference Manual 
to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks against Buildings, FEMA 426, 
Washington, D.C. 

Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2004. Primer for Design 
of Commercial Buildings to Mitigate Terrorist Attacks, FEMA 427, 
Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2004. Primer to Design Safe School 
Projects in Case of Terrorist Attacks, FEMA 428, Washington, D.C. 

Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2003. Insurance, Finance, 
and Regulation Primer for Risk Management in Buildings, FEMA 429, 
Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2005. Risk Assessment: A How-to 
Guide to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks Against Buildings, FEMA 452, 
Washington, D.C. 

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2006. Safe Rooms and Shelters: 
Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks, FEMA 453, Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, revised Reference Manual 
to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks against Buildings, FEMA 426, 
Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, Rapid Visual Screening for 
Building Security, FEMA 455, Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency,. Incremental Rehabilitation to 
Improve Security in Buildings, FEMA 459, Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, Risk Assessment: A How-to Guide 
to Mitigate Multihazard Events (CBR, Explosives, Earthquakes, Floods and 
High Winds) Against Buildings, FEMA 452 enhanced, Washington, D.C.


B.3 FEMA TRAINING COURSE

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2004, Building Design for 
Homeland Security, (Suburban and Urban), FEMA E 155, Washington, D.C.


B.4 OTHER FEMA PUBLICATIONS

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2004. Using HAZUS-MH for Risk 
Assessment, FEMA 433,Washington, D.C.

Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2002. World Trade Center, 
Building Performance Study, FEMA 403, Washington, D.C. 


B.5 OTHER PUBLICATIONS AND ARTICLES

Alberson, Dean, 2004. A Stricter Standard for Crash Barriers, Standardization 
News, West Cornshohocken, PA: ASTM International, February, 
www.astm.org.

American National Standards Institute (ANSI), ANSI Homeland 
Security Standards Panel, 2007. Final Workshop Report, Perimeter Security 
Standardization, January, www.ansi.org/hssp.

American Society for Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning 
Engineers (ASHRAE), 2006. ASHRAE Guidelines 29P, Guidelines for Risk 
Management of Public Health and Safety in Buildings, Public Review Draft, 
July.

ASTM International, 2003. State Department Turns to ASTM 
International for Input on Crash Testing Standard, Standardization News, 
West Cornshocken, PA, September, www.astm.org.

Demkin, Joseph, ed., 2004. Security Planning and Design, A Guide for 
Architects and Building Design Professionals, Washington, D.C.: The 
American Institute of Architects, and Hoboken NJ: John Wiley and 
Sons, Inc.

Dunlap, David, 2006. A New Idea in Security Would Put Vehicle Barriers 
on a Pavement-Level Turntable, New York Times, December 28.

Dvorak, Petula, 2006. Ubiquitous Security Barriers Get a Fashionable 
Flourish, Washington Post, January 30 

Dwyer, J., et al., 1994. February 1993 Bombing of the World Trade Center in 
New York City: Two Seconds Under the World, New York: Crown Publishers.

Enlow, Clair,, 2005. Design is the Best Defense, Landscape Architecture, 
Washington, D.C.: American Society of Landscape Architects, August. 

General Services Administration (GSA), 2000. Chapter 8, Security Design, 
in Facility Standards for the Public Building Service (PBS-P100), Washington, 
D.C., November. 

General Services Administration (GSA), 2007. The Site Security Design 
Guide, Washington, D.C., June.

Hart, Sara, 2002. In the Aftermath of September 11, the Urban Landscape 
Appears Vulnerable and Random, Architectural Record, New York: McGraw-
Hill Construction, March. 

Hinman, Eve, 2006. Blast Safety of the Building Envelope, Whole Building 
Design Guide, Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Building Sciences, 
www.wbdg.org. 

Hockenberry, John, 2006. Fear Factor: Security in a New Age, Business Week 
Online, www.businessweek.com, May.

Hopper, L., and Droge, M., 2005, Security and Site Design: A Landscape 
Architectural Approach to Analysis, Assessment and Design Implementation, 
New York: John Wiley and Sons. 

Interagency Security Committee, 2004. ISO Security Design Criteria for New 
Federal Office Buildings and Major Modernization Projects, Washington, D.C., 
September.

Kozel, Scott 2004. New Jersey Median Barrier, www.roadstothefuture.com/
Jersey_Barrier.html, June.

Little, R., Meacham, B., Smilowitz, R., 2001. Performance-Based Multi-
Objective Decision Framework for Security and Natural Hazard Mitigation, 
National Symposium on Comprehensive Force Protection, Charleston, 
SC, November. 

Loeffler, Jane, 2006, The Importance of Openness in an Era of Security: a 
Conversation with Supreme Court Justice Stephen G. Breyer, Architectural 
Record, New York: McGraw-Hill Construction, January. 

Longstreth, Richard, 2006. Washington and the Landscape of Fear, City and 
Society, Vol.18, Issue 1, pp.7-30, Arlington, VA: American Anthropological 
Association. 

Nadel, Barbara, ed., 2004. Building Security: Handbook for Architectural 
Planning and Design, New York: McGraw-Hill. 

National Capital Planning Commission, 2001. Designing for Security in the 
Nation's Capital, Washington, D.C., October, www.NCPC.gov. 

National Capital Planning Commission, 2002. The National Capital 
Planning Urban Design and Security Plan, Washington, D.C., October, 
www.NCPC.gov. 

National Capital Planning Commission, n.d. The National Capital Planning 
Urban Design and Security Plan: Designing and Testing of Perimeter Security 
Elements, Washington, D.C., www.NCPC.gov 

Renfroe, N., and Smith, J. L., 2006. Threat/Vulnerability Assessments and 
Risk Analysis, Applied Research Associates, Inc., in Whole Building Design 
Guide, Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Building Sciences, 
www.wbdg.org. 

Smith, J. L., and Bryant, L. M., 2006. Cost Impact of the ISC Security 
Design Standards, Whole Building Design Guide, Washington, D.C.: 
National Institute of Building Sciences, www.wbdg.org.

Speckhardt, L., and Dowdell, J., 2004. Bollards and Beyond, The Palette 
for Security Goes Well Beyond One-Note Design, Landscape Architecture, 
Washington, D.C.: American Society of Landscape Architects, July. 

U.S. Air Force, Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence, 1997. 
Installation Force Protection Guide, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Defense, 2002. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC), UFC 
4-010-01, DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings, Washington, 
D.C., July.

U.S. Department of State, 1999. The Report of the Accountability Review 
Board on the Embassy Bombings in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam on August 7, 
Washington, D.C., January.

U.S. Department of the Treasury/Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and 
Firearms, 1999. Vehicle Bomb Explosion Hazard and Evacuation Tables, 
Washington, D.C.


B.6 CPTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Atlas, Randall, 2006. Site Security, in Architectural Graphic Standards, 11th 
edition, pp. 635-639, New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Crowe, Timothy, 2000. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design: 
Applications of Architectural Design and Space Management Concepts, 
Stoneham, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. 

Newman, Oscar, 1971. Architectural Design for Crime Prevention, 
Washington, D.C.: Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. 

Newman, Oscar, 1973. Defensible Space: Crime Prevention through Urban 
Design. New York: Macmillan. 

Newman, Oscar, 1996. Creating Defensible Space. Washington, D.C.: 
Department of Housing and Urban Development.