| | | | |
Children's Health
|
Increased Levels of 8-Hydroxy-2´-Deoxyguanosine Attributable to Carcinogenic Metal Exposure among Schoolchildren Ruey-Hong Wong, Chung-Yih Kuo, Ming-Lin Hsu, Tsun-Yen Wang, Pi-I Chang, Tsung-Hsun Wu, and Shuai Huang Department of Public Health, College of Health Care and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan Abstract Arsenic, chromium, and nickel are reported in several epidemiologic studies to be associated with lung cancer. However, the health effects of arsenic, chromium, and nickel exposures are equivocal for children. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study to investigate possible associations between the internal concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and nickel and the level of oxidative stress to DNA in children. We measured urinary levels of arsenic, chromium, and nickel for 142 nonsmoking children using atomic absorption spectrometry. As a biomarker for oxidative stress, urinary 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were analyzed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The median urinary 8-OHdG level for our subjects was 11.7 ng/mg creatinine. No obvious relationship between the levels of urinary nickel and 8-OHdG was found. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that children with higher urinary chromium had greater urinary 8-OHdG than did those with lower urinary chromium. Similarly, subjects with higher urinary arsenic had greater urinary 8-OHdG than did those with lower urinary arsenic. Furthermore, children with both high urinary arsenic and high urinary chromium had the highest 8-OHdG levels (mean ± SE, 16.0 ± 1.3 ; vs. low arsenic/low chromium, p < 0.01) in urine, followed by those with low arsenic/high chromium (13.7 ± 1.6 ; vs. low arsenic/low chromium, p = 0.25) , high arsenic/low chromium (12.9 ± 1.6 vs. low arsenic/low chromium, p = 0.52) , and low arsenic/low chromium (11.5 ± 1.3) ; the trend was significant (p < 0.001) . Thus, environmental carcinogenic metal exposure to chromium and arsenic may play an important role in oxidative DNA damage to children. Key words: arsenic, children, chromium, 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine, nickel. Environ Health Perspect 113: 1386-1390 (2005) . doi:10.1289/ehp.7401 available via http://dx.doi.org/ [Online 27 May 2005] Address correspondence to R.-H. Wong, Department of Public Health, College of Health Care and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, 110 Chien-Kuo North Rd., Section 1, Taichung, Taiwan 40242. Telphone: 886-4-24730022, ext. 11792. Fax: 886-4-23248179. E-mail: rueyhong@csmu.edu.tw This study was supported by the Bureau of Environmental Protection of Taichung County, Taiwan, Republic of China. The authors declare they have no competing financial interests. Received 9 July 2004 ; accepted 26 May 2005. |
|
|
|
|
|
[References Listed in PubMed] References
Akagi S, Nagake Y, Kasahara J, Sarai A,
Kihara T, Morimoto H, et al. 2003. Significance of 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine
levels in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephrology 8:192-195.
Beckman KB, Ames BN. 1998. The free radical theory of aging
matures. Physiol Rev 78:547-581.
Bowler RP, Crapo JD. 2002. Oxidative stress in allergic respiratory
diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 110:349-356.
Cadet J, Douki T, Gasparutto D, Ravanat JL. 2003. Oxidative
damage to DNA: formation, measurement and biochemical features.
Mutat Res 531:5-23.
Carter JD, Ghio AJ, Samet JM, Devlin RB. 1997. Cytokine production
by human airway epithelial cells after exposure to an air pollution
particle is metal-dependent. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 146:180-188.
Cerutti PA. 1994. Oxy-radicals and cancer. Lancet 344:862-863.
Chazotte-Aubert L, Oikawa S, Gilibert I, Bianchini F, Kawanishi
S, Ohshima H. 1999. Cytotoxicity and site-specific DNA damage
induced by nitroxyl anion (NO-) in the presence
of hydrogen peroxide. Implications for various pathophysiological
conditions. J Biol Chem 274: 20909-20915.
Chen W, Chen J. 2002. Nested case-control study of lung cancer
in four Chinese tin mines. Occup Environ Med 59:113-118.
Cheng KC, Cahill DS, Kasai H, Nishimura S, Loeb LA. 1992.
8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage,
causes G-T and A-C substitutions. J Biol Chem 267:166-172.
Cheng TJ, Wong RH, Lin YP, Hwang YH, Horng JJ, Wang JD. 1998.
Chinese herbal medicine, sibship, and blood lead in children.
Occup Environ Med 55:573-576.
Cooke MS, Evans MD, Herbert KE, Lunec J.
2000. Urinary 8-oxo-2´-deoxyguanosine--source,
significance and supplements. Free Radic Res 32:381-397.
Dally H, Hartwig A. 1997. Induction and repair inhibition
of oxidative DNA damage by nickel(II) and cadmium(II) in mammalian
cells. Carcinogenesis 18: 1021-1026.
Donaldson K, Brown D, Clouter A, Duffin R, MacNee W, Renwick
L, et al. 2002. The pulmonary toxicology of ultrafine particles.
J Aerosol Med 15:213-220.
Droste JH, Weyler JJ, Van Meerbeeck JP, Vermeire PA, van
Sprundel MP. 1999. Occupational risk factors of lung cancer:
a hospital based case-control study. Occup Environ Med 56:322-327.
Drury JA, Jeffers G, Cooke RW. 1998. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
in infants and children. Free Radic Res 28:423-428.
Eiserich JP, Hristova M, Cross CE, Jones AD, Freeman BA,
Halliwell B, et al. 1998. Formation of nitric oxide-derived
inflammatory oxidants by myeloperoxidase in neutrophils. Nature
391:393-397.
Goodarzi F, Huggins FE. 2001. Monitoring the species of arsenic,
chromium and nickel in milled coal, bottom ash and fly ash
from a pulverized coal-fired power plant in western Canada.
J Environ Monit 3:1-6.
Grimsrud TK, Berge SR, Haldorsen T, Andersen A. 2002. Exposure
to different forms of nickel and risk of lung cancer. Am J
Epidemiol 156:1123-1132.
Grisham MB. 1994. Oxidants and free radicals in inflammatory
bowel disease. Lancet 344: 859-861.
Hartwig A, Schwerdtle T. 2002. Interactions by carcinogenic
metal compounds with DNA repair processes: toxicological implications.
Toxicol Lett 127: 47-54.
Hayes RB. 1997. The carcinogenicity of metals in humans.
Cancer Causes Control 8:371-385.
Hwang YH, Bornschein RL, Grote J, Menrath W, Roda S. 1997.
Urinary arsenic excretion as a biomarker of arsenic exposure
in children. Arch Environ Health 52: 139-147.
Jenner P. 1994. Oxidative damage in neurodegenerative disease.
Lancet 344:796-798.
Kasprzak KS. 1991. The role of oxidative damage in metal
carcinogenicity. Chem Res Toxicol 4: 604-615.
Kasprzak KS, Jaruga P, Zastawny TH, North SL, Riggs CW, Olinski
R, et al. 1997 Oxidative DNA base damage and its repair in
kidneys and livers of nickel(II)-treated male F344 rats. Carcinogenesis
18:271-277.
Kessel M, Liu SX, Xu A, Santella R, Hei TK. 2002. Arsenic
induces oxidative DNA damage in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biochem
234:301-308.
Kuo HW, Chang SF, Wu KY, Wu FY. 2003. Chromium (VI) induced
oxidative damage to DNA: increase of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
concentrations (8-OHdG) among electroplating workers. Occup
Environ Med 60:590-594.
Li CS, Wan GH, Hsieh KH, Chua KY, Lin RH. 1994. Seasonal
variation of house dust mite allergen (Der pI) in a subtropical
climate. J Allergy Clin Immunol 94: 131-134.
Loft S, Poulsen HE. 1996. Cancer risk and oxidative DNA damage
in man. J Mol Med 74:297-312.
Lung SC, Kao MC, Hu SC. 2003. Contribution of incense burning
to indoor PM10 and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
under two ventilation conditions. Indoor Air 13:194-199.
Marnett LJ. 2000. Oxyradicals and DNA damage. Carcinogenesis
21:361-370.
Matsui M, Nishigori C, Toyokuni S, Takada
J, Akaboshi M, Ishikawa M, et al. 1999. The role of oxidative
DNA damage in
human arsenic carcinogenesis: detection of 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine
in arsenic-related Bowen’s disease. J Invest Dermatol
113:26-31.
Moore LE, Smith AH, Hopenhayn-Rich C, Biggs ML, Kalman DA,
Smith MT. 1997. Micronuclei in exfoliated bladder cells among
individuals chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 6: 31-36.
Nicolai T. 1999. Air pollution and respiratory disease in
children: what is the clinically relevant impact? Pediatr Pulmonol
Suppl 18:9-13.
Paustenbach DJ, Panko JM, Fredrick MM, Finley BL, Proctor
DM. 1997. Urinary chromium as a biological marker of environmental
exposure: what are the limitations? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
26:S23-S34.
Sabbioni E, Goetz L, Bignoli G. 1984. Health and environmental
implications of trace metals released from coal-fired power
plants: an assessment study of the situation in the European
Community. Sci Total Environ 40: 141-154.
Shigenaga MK, Gimeno CJ, Ames BN. 1989.
Urinary 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine
as a biological marker of in vivo oxidative DNA damage. Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9697-9701.
Smith-Sivertsen T, Tchachtchine V, Lund E, Bykov V, Thomassen
Y, Norseth T. 1998. Urinary nickel excretion in populations
living in the proximity of two Russian nickel refineries: a
Norwegian-Russian population-based study. Environ Health Perspect
106:503-511.
Stern AH, Fagliano JA, Savrin JE, Freeman NC, Lioy PJ. 1998.
The association of chromium in household dust with urinary
chromium in residences adjacent to chromate production waste
sites. Environ Health Perspect 106: 833-839.
Sunderman FW Jr. 1993. Biological monitoring of nickel in
humans. Scand J Work Environ Health 19: 34-38.
Thompson HJ, Heimendinger J, Haegele A,
Sedlacek SM, Gillette C, O’Neill C, et al. 1999. Effect
of increased vegetable and fruit consumption on markers of
oxidative cellular damage.
Carcinogenesis 20:2261-2266.
Toraason M. 1999. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine as a biomarker
of workplace exposures. Biomarkers 4:3-26.
Vahter M. 1994. What are the chemical forms of arsenic in
urine, and what can they tell us about exposure? Clin Chem
40:679-680.
Wang CL, Chuang HY, Ho CK, Yang CY, Tsai JL, Wu TS, et al.
2002. Relationship between blood lead concentrations and learning
achievement among primary school children in Taiwan. Environ
Res 89:12-18.
Wang TN, Ko YC, Chao YY, Huang CC, Lin RS. 1999. Association
between indoor and outdoor air pollution and adolescent asthma
from 1995 to 1996 in Taiwan. Environ Res 81: 239-247.
Witztum JL. 1994. The oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosis.
Lancet 344:793-795.
Wong RH, Yeh CY, Hsueh YM, Wang JD, Lei YC, Cheng TJ. 2003.
Association of hepatitis virus infection, alcohol consumption
and plasma vitamin A levels with urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
in chemical workers. Mutat Res 535:181-186.
Wu MT, Pan CH, Huang YL, Tsai PJ, Chen CJ, Wu TN. 2003. Urinary
excretion of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and 1-hydroxypyrene
in coke-oven workers. Environ Mol Mutagen 42:98-105.
Yin B, Whyatt RM, Perera FP, Randall MC, Cooper TB, Santella
RM. 1995. Determination of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by an immunoaffinity
chromatography-monoclonal antibody-based ELISA. Free Radic
Biol Med 18:1023-1032.
Yuann JM, Liu KJ, Hamilton JW, Wetterhahn
KE. 1999. In vivo effects of ascorbate and glutathione on
the uptake of chromium,
formation of chromium(V), chromium-DNA binding and 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine
in liver and kidney of osteogenic disorder shionogi rats following
treatment with chromium(VI). Carcinogenesis 20:1267-1275.
Last Updated: September 13, 2005 |
|
|
|
| |