Volume 4, Number 1 - December 2007

Marijuana Dependence and Its Treatment
[PDF - 952K]
Alan J. Budney, Roger Roffman, Robert S. Stephens, and Denise Walker

Budney, A.J., 2006. Are specific dependence criteria necessary for different substances: How can research on cannabis inform this issue? Addiction 101(Suppl. 1):125-133. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 1991. Contingent reinforcement of abstinence with individuals abusing cocaine and marijuana. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 24(4):657-665. Full Text Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 1998. Adults seeking treatment for marijuana dependence: A comparison to cocaine-dependent treatment seekers. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 6(4):419-426. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2000. Adding voucher-based incentives to coping-skills and motivational enhancement improves outcomes during treatment for marijuana dependence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68(6):1051-1061. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2001. Contingency management: Using science to motivate change. In: R.H. Coombs (Ed.), Addiction Recovery Tools: Using Science to Motivate Change. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, pp. 147-172. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2004. A review of the validity and significance of the cannabis withdrawal syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry 161(11):1967-1977. Full Text Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2006. Clinical trial of abstinence-based vouchers and cognitive-behavioral therapy for cannabis dependence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74(2):307-316. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2007. Oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol suppresses cannabis withdrawal symptoms. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 86(1):22-29. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., and Hughes, J.R., 2006. The cannabis withdrawal syndrome. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 19(3):233-238. Abstract Available

Calsyn, D.A., and Saxon, A.J., 1999. An innovative approach to reducing cannabis use in a subset of methadone clients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 53(2):167-169. Abstract Available

Carroll, K.M., and Rounsaville, B.J., 2007. A vision of the next generation of behavioral therapies research in the addictions. Addiction 102(6):850-862. Abstract Available

Compton, W.M., et al., 2004. Prevalence of marijuana use disorders in the United States: 1991-1992 and 2001-2002. Journal of the American Medical Association 291(17):2114-2121. Full Text Available

Compton, W.M., and Pringle, B., 2004. Services research on adolescent drug treatment. Commentary on "The Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Study: Main findings from two randomized trials." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 27(3):195-196. Abstract Available

Copeland, J., 2004. Developments in the treatment of cannabis use disorder. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 17(3):161-167. Abstract Available

Copeland, J., et al., 2001. A randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive-behavioral interventions for cannabis use disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 21(2):55-64. Abstract Available

Copeland, J.; Swift, W.; and Rees, V., 2001. Clinical profile of participants in a brief intervention program for cannabis use disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 20(1):45-52. Abstract Available

Copersino, M.L., et al., 2006. Cannabis withdrawal among non-treatment-seeking adult cannabis users. American Journal on Addictions 15(1):8-14. Abstract Available

Dennis, M., et al., 2004. The Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Study: Main findings from two randomized trials. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 27(3):197-213. Abstract Available

Dishion, T., and Kavanagh, K., 2003. Intervening in Adolescent Problem Behavior: A Family-Centered Approach. New York: Guilford Press. Review Available

Epstein, D.H., and Preston, K.L., 2003. Does cannabis use predict poor outcome for heroin-dependent patients on maintenance treatment? Past findings and more evidence against. Addiction 98(3):269-279. Abstract Available

Ford, D.E.; Vu, H.T.; and Anthony, J.C., 2002. Marijuana use and cessation of tobacco smoking in adults from a community sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 67(3):243-248. Abstract Available

Gruber, A.J., et al., 2003. Attributes of long-term heavy cannabis users: A case-control study. Psychological Medicine 33(8):1415-1422. Abstract Available

Gulliver, S.B.; Kamholz, B.W.; and Helstrom, A.W., 2006. Smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence: What do the data tell us? Alcohol Research & Health 29(3):208-212. Abstract Available

Haney, M., et al., 2003. Nefazodone decreases anxiety during marijuana withdrawal in humans. Psychopharmacology 165(2):157-165. Abstract Available

Haney, M., et al., 2004. Marijuana withdrawal in humans: Effects of oral THC or divalproex. Neuropsychopharmacology 29(1):158-170. Full Text Available

Hart, C.L., 2005. Increasing treatment options for cannabis dependence: A review of potential pharmacotherapies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 80(2):147-159. Abstract Available

Henggeler, S.W., et al., 2006. Juvenile drug court: Enhancing outcomes by integrating evidence-based treatments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74(1):42-54. Abstract Available

Higgins, S.T., et al., 1994. Incentives improve outcome in outpatient behavioral treatment of cocaine dependence. Archives of General Psychiatry 51(7):568-576. Abstract Available

Huestis, M.A., et al., 2001. Blockade of effects of smoked marijuana by the CB1-sective cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716. Archives of General Psychiatry 58(4):322-328. Full Text Available

Kadden, R.M., et al., 2007. Abstinence rates following behavioral treatments for marijuana dependence. Addictive Behaviors 32(6):1220-1236. Abstract Available

Kamon, J.L.; Budney, A.J.; and Stanger, C., 2005. A contingency management intervention for adolescent marijuana abuse and conduct problems. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 44(6):513-521. Abstract Available

Kidorf, M., et al., 2007. A stepped care approach for reducing cannabis use in opioid-dependent outpatients. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 32(4):341-347. Abstract Available

Kirby, K.C., et al., 2006. Substance abuse treatment providers' beliefs and objections regarding contingency management: Implications for dissemination. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 85(1):19-27. Abstract Available

Levin, F.R., et al., 2004. Pharmacotherapy for marijuana dependence: A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of divalproex sodium. American Journal on Addictions. Abstract Available

Liddle, H.A., et al., 2001. Multidimensional family therapy for adolescent drug abuse: Results of a randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 27(4):651-688. Abstract Available

Lozano, B.E.; Stephens, R.S.; and Roffman, R.A., 2006. Abstinence and moderate use goals in the treatment of marijuana dependence. Addiction 101(11):1589-1597. Abstract Available

Lussier, J.P., et al., 2006. A meta-analysis of voucher-based reinforcement therapy for substance use disorders. Addiction 101(2):192-203. Abstract Available

Marijuana Treatment Project Research Group, 2004. Brief treatments for cannabis dependence: Findings from a randomized multisite trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72(3):455-466. Abstract Available

McRae, A.L.; Budney, A.J.; and Brady, K.T., 2003. Treatment of marijuana dependence: A review of the literature. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 24(4):369-376. Abstract Available

Moore, B.A., and Budney, A.J., 2001. Tobacco smoking in marijuana-dependent outpatients. Journal of Substance Abuse 13(4):583-596. Abstract Available

Ritter, A., and Cameron, J., 2007. Australian clinician attitudes towards contingency management: Comparing Down Under with America. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Abstract Available

Roffman, R.A., and Stephens, R.S. (Eds.), 2006. Cannabis Dependence: Its Nature, Consequences and Treatment. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Abstract Available

Santisteban, D.A., et al., 2003. Efficacy of brief strategic family therapy in modifying Hispanic adolescent behavior problems and substance abuse. Journal of Family Psychology 17(1):121-133. Full Text Available

Sinha, R., et al., 2003. Engaging young probation-referred marijuana-abusing individuals in treatment: A pilot trial. American Journal on Addictions 12(4):314-323. Abstract Available

Steinberg, K.L., et al., 2005. Brief Counseling for Marijuana Dependence: A Manual for Treating Adults. DHHS Publication No. SMA 05-4022. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Full Text Available

Stephens, R.S., et al., 2002. The Marijuana Treatment Project: Rationale, design, and participant characteristics. Addiction 97 (Suppl. 1):109-124. Abstract Available

Stephens, R.S., et al., 2004. The Marijuana Check-Up: Reaching users who are ambivalent about change. Addiction 99(10):1323-1332. Abstract Available

Stephens, R.S.; Roffman, R.A.; and Curtin, L., 2000. Comparison of extended versus brief treatments for marijuana use. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68(5):898-908. Abstract Available

Stephens, R.S.; Roffman, R.A.; and Simpson, E.E., 1993. Adult marijuana users seeking treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61(6):1100-1104. Abstract Available

Stephens, R.S.; Roffman, R.A.; and Simpson, E.E., 1994. Treating adult marijuana dependence: A test of the relapse prevention model. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61(6):1100-1104. Abstract Available

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2004. Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 1992-2002. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. DHHS Publication No. SMA 04-3965. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services. Full Text Available

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2006a. Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS):Highlights - 2005. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services. DASIS Series: S-36, DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4229. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services. Full Text Available

Tims, F.M., et al., 2002. Characteristics and problems of 600 adolescent cannabis abusers in outpatient treatment. Addiction 97(Suppl. 1):46-57. Abstract Available

Vandrey, R.G., et al., 2007. A within-subject comparison of withdrawal symptoms during abstinence from cannabis, tobacco, and both substances. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, July 21 [Epub ahead of print]. Abstract Available

Waldron, H.B., et al., 2001. Treatment outcomes for adolescent substance abuse at 4- and 7-month assessments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 69(5):802-813. Abstract Available

Waldron, H.B., and Kaminer, Y., 2004. On the learning curve: The emerging evidence supporting cognitive-behavioral therapies for adolescent substance abuse. Addiction 99(Suppl. 2):93-105. Full Text Available

Walker, D.D., et al., 2006. Motivational enhancement therapy for adolescent marijuana users: A preliminary randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74(3):628-632. Abstract Available

Assessing Addiction: Concepts and Instruments
[PDF - 896K]
Sharon Samet, Rachel Waxman, Mark Hatzenbuehler, and Deborah S. Hasin

Aharonovich, E., et al., 2002. Suicide attempts in substance abusers: Effects of major depression in relation to substance use disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 159(9):1600-1602. Full Text Available

Aharonovich, E., et al., 2005. Postdischarge cannabis use and its relationship to cocaine, alcohol, and heroin use: A prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry 162(8):1507-1514. Abstract Available

Alterman, A.I., et al., 1994. Interviewer severity ratings and composite scores of the ASI: A further look. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 34(3):201-209. Abstract Available

Bucholz, K.K., et al., 1995. Reliability of individual diagnostic criterion items for psychoactive substance dependence and the impact on diagnosis. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 56(5):500-505. Abstract Available

Budney, A.J., et al., 2001. Marijuana abstinence effects in marijuana smokers maintained in their home environment. Archives of General Psychiatry 58(10):917-924. Full Text Available

Butler, S.F., et al., 2001. Initial validation of a computer-administered Addiction Severity Index: The ASI-MV. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 15(1):4-12. Abstract Available

Canino, G., et al., 1999. The Spanish Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability and concordance with clinical diagnoses in a Hispanic population. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 60(6):790-799. Abstract Available

Chatterji, S., et al., 1997. Reliability of the alcohol and drug modules of the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule?Alcohol/Drug-Revised (AUDADIS?ADR): An international comparison. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 47(3):171-185. Abstract Available

Cottler, L.B., et al., 1997. Concordance of DSM-IV alcohol and drug use disorder criteria and diagnoses as measured by AUDADIS-ADR, CIDI and SCAN. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 47(3):195-205. Abstract Available

Cottler, L.B.; Robins, L.N.; and Helzer, J.E., 1989. The reliability of the CIDI-SAM: A comprehensive substance abuse interview. British Journal of Addiction 84(7):801-814. Abstract Available

Crowley, T.K., et al., 1998. Cannabis dependence, withdrawal, and reinforcing effects among adolescents with conduct symptoms and substance use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 50(1):27-37. Abstract Available

Daeppen, J.B., et al., 1996. Validation of the Addiction Severity Index in French-speaking alcoholic patients. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 57(6):585-590. Abstract Available

Drake, R.E.; McHugo, G.J.; and Biesanz, J.C., 1995. The test-retest reliability of standardized instruments among homeless persons with substance use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 56(2):161-167. Abstract Available

Easton, C., et al., 1997. Test-retest reliability of the alcohol and drug use disorder sections of the schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry (SCAN). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 47(3):187-194. Abstract Available

Edenberg, H.J., et al., 2004. Variations in GABRA2, encoding the alpha 2 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor, are associated with alcohol dependence and with brain oscillations. American Journal of Human Genetics 74(4):705-714. Full Text Available

Forman, R.F., et al., 2004. Selection of a substance use disorder diagnostic instrument by the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 27(1):1-8. Abstract Available

Grant, B.F., 1993. Comparison of DSM-III-R and draft DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in a general population sample. Addiction 88(12):1709-1716. Abstract Available

Grant, B.F., et al., 1995. The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability of alcohol and drug modules in a general population sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 39(1):37-44. Abstract Available

Grant, B.F., et al., 2003. The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): Reliability of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, family history of depression and psychiatric modules in a general population sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 71(1):7-16. Abstract Available

Grant, B.F., et al., 2004a. Co-occurrence of 12-month alcohol and drug use disorders and personality disorders in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry 61(4):361-368. Full Text Available

Grant, B.F., et al., 2004b. Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry 61(8):807-816. Full Text Available

Grant, B.F.; Stinson, F.S.; and Harford, T.C., 2001. The 5-year course of alcohol abuse among young adults. Journal of Substance Abuse 13(3):229-238. Abstract Available

Haro, J.M., et al., 2006. Concordance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) with standardized clinical assessments in the WHO World Mental Health surveys. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 15(4):167-180. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1996. Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders: Reliability for substance abusers. American Journal of Psychiatry 153(9):1195-1201. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997a. The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS): Reliability of alcohol and drug modules in a clinical sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 44(2-3):133-141. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997b. Nosological comparisons of alcohol and drug diagnoses: A multisite, multi-instrument international study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 47(3):217-226. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997c. Alcohol dependence and abuse diagnoses: Validity in community sample heavy drinkers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 21(2):213-219. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997d. Differentiating DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse by course: Community heavy drinkers. Journal of Substance Abuse 9:127-135. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 2000. Withdrawal and tolerance: Prognostic significance in DSM-IV alcohol dependence. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 61(3)3:431-438. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 2005. Co-occurring DSM-IV drug abuse in DSM-IV drug dependence: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 80(1):117-123. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 2006a. Diagnosis of comorbid psychiatric disorders in substance users assessed with the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders for DSM-IV. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(4):689-696. Full Text Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 2006b. DSM-IV alcohol dependence: A categorical or dimensional phenotype? Psychological Medicine 36(12):1695-1705. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., and Grant, B.F., 2004. The co-occurrence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse in DSM-IV alcohol dependence: Results of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions on heterogeneity that differ by population subgroup. Archives of General Psychiatry 61(9):891-896. Full Text Available

Hasin, D.S.; Grant, B.F.; and Endicott, J., 1990. The natural history of alcohol abuse: Implications for definitions of alcohol use disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 147(11):1537-1541. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., and Paykin, A., 1999. Alcohol dependence and abuse diagnoses: Concurrent validity in a nationally representative sample. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 23(1):144-150. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S.; Trautman, K.; and Endicott, J., 1998. Psychiatric research interview for substance and mental disorders: Phenomenologically based diagnosis in patients who abuse alcohol or drugs. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 34(1):3-8. Abstract Available

Hendriks, V.M., et al., 1989. The Addiction Severity Index: Reliability and validity in a Dutch addict population. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 6(2):133-141. Abstract Available

Hodgins, D.C., and el-Guebaly, N., 1992. More data on the Addiction Severity Index: Reliability and validity with the mentally ill substance abuser. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 180(3):197-201. Abstract Available

Horton, J.; Compton, W.; and Cottler, L.B., 2000. Reliability of substance use disorder diagnoses among African-Americans and Caucasians. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 57(3):203-209. Abstract Available

Joyner, L.M.; Wright, J.D.; and Devine, J.A., 1996. Reliability and validity of the Addiction Severity Index among homeless substance misusers. Substance Use and Misuse 31(6):729-751. Abstract Available

Kessler, R.C., and Ust?n, T.B., 2004. The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 13(2):93-121. Abstract Available

Kosten, T.R.; Rounsaville, B.J.; and Kleber, H.D., 1983. Concurrent validity of the Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 171(10):606-610. Abstract Available

Kresina, T.F., et al., 2004. Addressing the need for treatment paradigms for drug-abusing patients with multiple morbidities. Clinical Infectious Diseases 38(Suppl 5):S398-S401. Abstract Available

Leonhard, C., et al., 2000. The Addiction Severity Index: A field study of internal consistency and validity. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 18(2):129-135. Abstract Available

Mäkelä, K., 2004. Studies of the reliability and validity of the Addiction Severity Index. Addiction 99(4):398-410; discussion 411-418. Full Text Available

McLellan, A.T., et al., 1980. An improved diagnostic evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients: The Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 168(1):26-33. Abstract Available

McLellan, A.T., et al., 1985. New data from the Addiction Severity Index: Reliability and validity in three centers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 173(7):412-423. Abstract Available

McLellan, A.T., et al., 1992. The Fifth Edition of the Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 9(3):199-213. Abstract Available

Mertens, J.R., et al., 2003. Medical and psychiatric conditions of alcohol and drug treatment patients in an HMO: Comparison with matched controls. Archives of Internal Medicine 163(20):2511-2517. Full Text Available

Nunes, E.V., and Levin, F.R., 2004. Treatment of depression in patients with alcohol or other drug dependence: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association 291(15):1887-1896. Full Text Available

Peters, R.H., et al., 2000. Effectiveness of screening instruments in detecting substance use disorders among prisoners. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 18(4):349-358. Abstract Available

Pierucci-Lagha, A., et al., 2005. Diagnostic reliability of the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 80(3):303-312. Abstract Available

Pierucci-Lagha, A., et al., 2007. Reliability of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria using the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA). Drug and Alcohol Dependence 91(1):85-90. Abstract Available

Pull, C.B., et al., 1997. Concordance between ICD-10 alcohol and drug use disorder criteria and diagnoses as measured by the AUDADIS-ADR, CIDI and SCAN: Results of a cross-national study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 47(3):207-216. Abstract Available

Regier, D.A., et al., 1990. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse: Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(19):2511-2518. Abstract Available

Robinson, T.E., 2004. Addicted rats. Science 305(5686):951-953. Abstract Available

Rogalski, C.J., 1987. Factor structure of the Addiction Severity Index in an inpatient detoxification sample. International Journal of Addiction 22(10):981-992. Abstract Available

Ross, H.E., et al., 1995. Diagnosing comorbidity in substance abusers: A comparison of the test-retest reliability of two interviews. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 21(2):167-185. Abstract Available

Rubio-Stipec, M.; Peters, L.; and Andrews, G., 1999. Test-retest reliability of the computerized CIDI (CIDI-Auto): Substance abuse modules. Substance Abuse 20(4):263-272. Abstract Available

Schuckit, M.A., et al., 1994. A comparison of DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and ICD-10 substance use disorders diagnoses in 1922 men and women subjects in the COGA study: Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Addiction 89(12):1629-1638. Abstract Available

Schuckit, M.A., et al., 2001. Five-year clinical course associated with DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence in a large group of men and women. American Journal of Psychiatry 158(7):1084-1090. Full Text Available

Schuckit, M.A., et al., 2003. A 5-year prospective evaluation of DSM-IV alcohol dependence with and without a physiological component. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 27(5):818-825. Abstract Available

Spitzer, R.L.; Endicott, J.; and Robins, E., 1975. Clinical criteria for psychiatric diagnosis and DSM-III. American Journal of Psychiatry 132(11):1187-1192. Abstract Available

Tapper, A.R., et al., 2004. Nicotine activation of alpha 4* receptors: Sufficient for reward, tolerance, and sensitization. Science 306(5698):1029-1032. Abstract Available

Torrens, M., et al., 2004. Diagnosing comorbid psychiatric disorders in substance abusers: Validity of the Spanish versions of the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. American Journal of Psychiatry 161(7):1231-1237. Abstract Available

Weisner, C.; McLellan, A.T.; and Hunkeler, E.M., 2000. Addiction Severity Index data from general membership and treatment samples of HMO members: One case of norming the ASI. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 19(2):103-109. Abstract Available

Wiesbeck, G.A., et al., 1996. An evaluation of the history of a marijuana withdrawal syndrome in a large population. Addiction 91(10):1469-1478. Abstract Available

Williams, J.B., et al., 1992. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). II. Multisite test-retest reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry 49(8):630-636. Abstract Available

Wittchen, H.U., et al., 1998. Test-retest reliability of the computerized DSM-IV version of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI). Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 33(11):568-578. Abstract Available

Zanarini, M.C., et al., 2000. The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study: Reliability of Axis I and II diagnoses. Journal of Personality Disorders 14(4):291-299. Abstract Available

Zanis, D.A., et al., 1994. Reliability and validity of the Addiction Severity Index with a homeless sample. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment 11(6):541-548. Abstract Available

Zanis, D.A.; McLellan, A.T.; and Corse, S., 1997. Is the Addiction Severity Index a reliable and valid assessment instrument among clients with severe and persistent mental illness and substance abuse disorders? Community Mental Health Journal 33(3):213-227. Abstract Available

Hepatitis C for Addiction Professionals
[PDF - 580K]
Diana Sylvestre

Alter, M.J., 1999. Hepatitis C virus infection in the United States. Journal of Hepatology 31(Suppl 1):88-91. Abstract Available

Alter, M.J., and Moyer, L.A., 1998. The importance of preventing hepatitis C virus infection among injection drug users in the United States. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 18(Suppl 1):S6-S10. Abstract Available

Backmund, M., et al., 2001. Treatment of hepatitis C infection in injection drug users. Hepatology 34(1):188-193. Full Text Available

Backmund, M.; Meyer, K.; and Edlin, B.R., 2004. Infrequent reinfection after successful treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in injection drug users. Clinical Infectious Diseases 39(10):1540-1543. Full Text Available

Conry-Cantilena, C., et al., 1996. Routes of infection, viremia, and liver disease in blood donors found to have hepatitis C virus infection. New England Journal of Medicine 334(26):1691-1696. Abstract Available

Dalgard, O., et al., 2002. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in injecting drug users: 5 years' follow-up. European Addiction Research 8(1):45-49. Abstract Available

Dalgard, O., et al., 2004. Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in HCV infection with genotype 2 or 3 for 14 weeks: A pilot study. Hepatology 40(6):1260-1265. Full Text Available

Edlin, B.R., 2002. Prevention and treatment of hepatitis C in injection drug users. Hepatology 36(5 Suppl 1):S210-S219. Full Text Available

Fontana, R.J., 2000. Neuropsychiatric toxicity of antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis C. Digestive Diseases 18(3):107-116. Abstract Available

Fried, M.W., et al., 2002. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. New England Journal of Medicine 347(13):975-982. Abstract Available

Hagan, H., et al., 2001. Sharing of drug preparation equipment as a risk factor for hepatitis C. American Journal of Public Health 91(1):42-46. Full Text Available

Inglesby, T.V., et al., 1999. A prospective, community-based evaluation of liver enzymes in individuals with hepatitis C after drug use. Hepatology 29(2):590-596. Full Text Available

Kim, A.I., and Saab, S., 2005. Treatment of hepatitis C. American Journal of Medicine 118(8):808-815. Abstract Available

Lau, D.T., et al., 1998. 10-year follow-up after interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 28(4):1121-1127. Full Text Available

Manns, M.P., et al., 2001. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: A randomised trial. Lancet 358(9286):958-965. Abstract Available

Mauss, S., et al., 2004. A prospective controlled study of interferon-based therapy of chronic hepatitis C in patients on methadone maintenance. Hepatology 40(1):120-124. Full Text Available

Pariante, C.M., et al., 1999. Treatment with interferon-alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis and mood or anxiety disorders. Lancet 354(9173):131-132. Abstract Available

Poynard, T., et al., 2001. Rates and risk factors of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Journal of Hepatology 34(5):730-739. Abstract Available

Robaeys, G., et al., 2006. Similar compliance and effect of treatment in chronic hepatitis C resulting from intravenous drug use in comparison with other infection causes. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 18(2):159-166. Abstract Available

Schiff, E.R., 1997. Hepatitis C and alcohol. Hepatology 26(3 Suppl 1):39S-42S. Full Text Available

Sulkowski, M.S., 2001. Hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients. Current Infectious Disease Reports 3(5):469-476. Abstract Available

Sylvestre, D.L., et al., 2005. The impact of barriers to hepatitis C virus treatment in recovering heroin users maintained on methadone. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 29(3):159-165. Abstract Available

Thomas, D.L., et al., 2000. The natural history of hepatitis C virus infection: Host, viral, and environmental factors. Journal of the American Medical Association 284(4):450-456. Full Text Available

Van Thiel, D.H., et al., 1995. Interferon-alpha can be used successfully in patients with hepatitis C virus-positive chronic hepatitis who have a psychiatric illness. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 7(2):165-168. Abstract Available

von Wagner, M., et al., 2005. Peginterferon-alpha-2a (40KD) and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 or 3 chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 129(2):522-527. Abstract Available

Wilson, L.E., et al., 2006. Progression of liver fibrosis among injection drug users with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 43(4):788-795. Abstract Available

Managing Addiction as a Chronic Condition
[PDF - 640K]
Michael Dennis and Christy K Scott

Anglin, M.D.; Hser, Y.I.; and Grella, C.E., 1997. Drug addiction and treatment careers among clients in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS). Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 11(4):308-323. Abstract Available

Brooner, R.K., et al., 1997. Psychiatric and substance use comorbidity among treatment-seeking opioid abusers. Archives of General Psychiatry 54(1):71-80. Abstract Available

Brown, S.A., et al., 1994. Correlates of success following treatment for adolescent substance abuse. Applied and Preventive Psychology 3(2):61-73. Abstract Available

Capoccia, V.A., et al., 2007. Making "stone soup": Improvement in clinic access and retention in addiction treatment. Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety 33(2):95-103. Abstract Available

Chang, L., et al., 2005. Additive effects of HIV and chronic methamphetamine use on brain metabolite abnormalities. American Journal of Psychiatry 162(2):361-369. Full Text Available

Chang, L., et al., 2006. Combined and independent effects of chronic marijuana use and HIV on brain metabolites. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 1(1):65-76. Abstract Available

Ciliska, D., et al., 1996. A systematic overview of the effectiveness of home visiting as a delivery strategy for public health nursing interventions. Canadian Journal of Public Health 87(3):193-198. Abstract Available

Compton, W.M.; Lamb, R.J.; and Fletcher, B.W., 1995. Results of the NIDA treatment demonstration grants' cocaine workgroup: Characteristics of cocaine users and HIV risk behaviors. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 37(1):1-6. Abstract Available

Cunningham, J.A., 1999a. Resolving alcohol-related problems with and without treatment: The effects of different problem criteria. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 60(4):463-466. Abstract Available

Cunningham, J.A., 1999b. Untreated remissions from drug use: The predominant pathway. Addictive Behaviors 24(2):267-270. Abstract Available

Dawson, D., 1996. Gender differences in the risk of alcohol dependence: United States, 1992. Addiction 91(12):1831-1842. Abstract Available

Dennis, M.L., et al., 2002. Changing the focus: The case for recognizing and treating cannabis use disorders. Addiction 97(Suppl. 1):4-15. Abstract Available

Dennis, M.L., et al., 2005. The duration and correlates of addiction and treatment careers. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 28(Suppl. 1):S51-S62. Abstract Available

Dennis, M.L.; Scott, C.K.; and Funk, R., 2003. An experimental evaluation of recovery management checkups (RMC) for people with chronic substance use disorders. Evaluation and Program Planning 26(3):339-352. Abstract Available

Engel, G.L., 1977. The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science 196(4286):129-136. Abstract Available

Fowler, J.S., et al., 2007. Imaging the addicted human brain. Science & Practice Perspectives 3(2):4-16. Full Text Available

French, M.T., et al., 2000. Benefit-cost analysis of residential and outpatient addiction treatment in the state of Washington. Evaluation Review 24(6):609-634. Abstract Available

Garnick, D.W., et al., 2002. Establishing the feasibility of performance measures for alcohol and other drugs. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 23(4):375-385. Abstract Available

Gilbert, F.S., 1988. The effect of type of aftercare follow-up on treatment outcome among alcoholics. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 49(2):149-159. Abstract Available

Godley, M.D., et al., 2002. Preliminary outcomes from the assertive continuing care experiment for adolescents discharged from residential treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 23(1):21-32. Abstract Available

Godley, M.D., et al., 2007. The effect of assertive continuing care (ACC) on continuing care linkage, adherence and abstinence following residential treatment for adolescents with substance use disorders. Addiction 102(1):81-93. Abstract Available

Grant, B.F., 2000. Theoretical and observed subtypes of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in a general population sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 60(3):287-293. Abstract Available

Grella, C.E., and Joshi, V., 1999. Gender differences in drug treatment careers among clients in the national drug abuse treatment outcome study. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 25(3):385-406. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997a. Alcohol dependence and abuse diagnoses: Validity in community sample heavy drinkers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 21(2):213-219. Abstract Available

Hasin, D.S., et al., 1997b. Differentiating DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse by course: Community heavy drinkers. Journal of Substance Abuse 9:127-135. Abstract Available

Hien, D., et al., 1997. Dual diagnosis subtypes in urban substance abuse and mental health clinics. Psychiatric Services 48(8):1058-1063. Abstract Available

Higgins, S.T.; Badger, G.J.; and Budney, A.J., 2000. Initial abstinence and success in achieving longer term cocaine abstinence. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 8(3):377-386. Abstract Available

Hser, Y.I., 1997. Drug treatment careers: A conceptual framework and existing research findings. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 14(6):543-558. Abstract Available

Hser, Y.I., et al., 1998. Relationships between drug treatment careers and outcomes: Findings from the National Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study. Evaluation Review 22(4):496-519. Abstract Available

Hser, Y.I., et al., 2001. A 33-year follow-up of narcotics addicts. Archives of General Psychiatry 58(5):503-508. Full Text Available

Hsieh, S.; Hoffman, N.G.; and Hollister, C.D., 1998. The relationship between pre-, during-, post-treatment factors, and adolescent substance abuse behaviors. Addictive Behaviors 23(4):477-488. Abstract Available

Humphreys, K., and Moos, R., 2001. Can encouraging substance abuse patients to participate in self-help groups reduce demand for health care? A quasi-experimental study. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 25(5):711-716. Abstract Available

Kelly, J.F.; Myers, M.G.; and Brown, S.A., 2002. Do adolescents affiliate with 12-step groups? A multivariate process model of effects. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 63(3):293-304. Full Text Available

Kessler, R.C., et al., 1996. The epidemiology of co-occurring addictive and mental disorders: Implications for prevention and service utilization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 66(1):17-31. Abstract Available

Klaw, E.; Huebsch, P.D.; and Humphreys, K., 2000. Communication patterns in an on-line mutual help group for problem drinkers. Journal of Community Psychology 28(5):535-546. Abstract Available

Kufahl, P.R., et al., 2005. Neural responses to acute cocaine administration in the human brain detected by fMRI. Neuroimage 28(4):904-914. Abstract Available

Kypri, K., et al., 2005. Innovative approaches to intervention for problem drinking. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 18(3):229-234. Abstract Available

Langenbucher, J.W.; Morgenstern, J.; and Miller, K.J., 1995. DSM-III, DSM-IV and ICD-10 as severity scales for drug dependence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 39(2):139-150. Abstract Available

Laudet, A.B., et al., 2000. Support, mutual aid and recovery from dual diagnosis. Community Mental Health Journal 36(5):457-476. Abstract Available

Lennox, R.D.; Scott-Lennox, J.A.; and Bohlig, E.M., 1993. The cost of depression-complicated alcoholism: Health-care utilization and treatment effectiveness. Journal of Mental Health Administration 20(2):138-152. Abstract Available

Lennox, R.D.; Scott-Lennox, J.A.; and Holder, H.D., 1992. Substance abuse and family illness: Evidence from health care utilization and cost-offset research. Journal of Mental Health Administration 19(1):83-95. Abstract Available

Lennox, R.D.; Zarkin, G.A.; and Bray, J.W., 1996. Latent variable models of alcohol-related constructs. Journal of Substance Abuse 8(2):241-250. Abstract Available

Lipsey, M.W.; Chapman, G.L.; and Landenberger, N.A., 2001. Cognitive-behavioral programs for offenders. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 578(1):144-157. Abstract Available

Mark, T.L., et al., 2001. The economic costs of heroin addiction in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 61(2):195-206. Abstract Available

Mark, T.L., et al., 2003. Factors associated with the receipt of treatment following detoxification. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 24(4):299-304. Abstract Available

McCarty, D., et al., 2007. The Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment (NIATx): enhancing access and retention. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 88(2-3):138-145. Abstract Available

McCorry, F., et al., 2000. Developing performance measures for alcohol and other drug services in managed care plans. Journal on Quality Improvement 26(11):633-643. Abstract Available

McKay, J.R., et al., 1998. Predictors of participation in aftercare sessions and self-help groups following completion of intensive outpatient treatment for substance abuse. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 59(2):152-162. Abstract Available

McKay, J.R., et al., 2002. Evaluation of full versus partial continuum of care in the treatment of publicly funded substance abusers in Washington State. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 28(2):307-338. Abstract Available

McKay, J.R., et al., 2004. The effectiveness of telephone-based continuing care in the clinical management of alcohol and cocaine use disorders: 12-month outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72(6):967-979. Abstract Available

McKay, J.R., et al., 2005. The effectiveness of telephone-based continuing care for alcohol and cocaine dependence: 24-month outcomes. Archives of General Psychiatry 62(2):199-207. Abstract Available

McLellan, A.T., 2006. Research ...for a Change: Impact Through Customer-Oriented Research. Slides presented at the Blending Addiction Science & Practice: Bridges to the Future conference, Seattle, WA, October 16-17. Slides Available

McLellan, A.T., et al., 1983. Predicting response to alcohol and drug abuse treatments: Role of psychiatric severity. Archives of General Psychiatry 40(6):620-625. Abstract

McLellan, A.T., et al., 2000. Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation. Journal of the American Medical Association 284(13):1689-1695. Abstract Available

McLellan, A.T., et al., 2005. Reconsidering the evaluation of addiction treatment: From retrospective follow-up to concurrent recovery monitoring. Addiction 100(4):447-458. Abstract Available

Miller, W.R., et al., 2004. A randomized trial of methods to help clinicians learn motivational interviewing. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 72(6):1050-1062. Abstract Available

Miller, W.R., et al., 2006. Disseminating evidence-based practices in substance abuse treatment: A review with suggestions. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 31(1):25-39. Abstract Available

Moos, R., et al., 2001. Outpatient mental health care, self-help groups, and patients' one-year treatment outcomes. Journal of Clinical Psychology 57(3):273-287. Abstract Available

Moos, R.H., and Moos, B.S., 2003. Long-term influence of duration and intensity of treatment on previously untreated individuals with alcohol use disorders. Addiction 98(3):325-327. Abstract Available

Mueser, K.T., et al., 1990. Prevalence of substance abuse in schizophrenia: Demographic and clinical correlates. Schizophrenia Bulletin 16(1):31-56. Abstract Available

Ouimette, P.C.; Moos, R.H.; and Finney, J.W., 1998. Influence of outpatient treatment and 12-step group involvement on one-year substance abuse treatment outcomes. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 59(5):513-522. Abstract Available

Parthasarathy, S., et al., 2003. Utilization and cost impact of integrating substance abuse treatment and primary care. Medical Care 41(3):357-367. Abstract Available

Paulus, M.P.; Tapert, S.F.; and Schuckit, M.A., 2005. Neural activation patterns of methamphetamine-dependent subjects during decision making predict relapse. Archives of General Psychiatry 62(7):761-768. Full Text Available

Peterson, K.A., et al., 1994. Determinants of readmission following inpatient substance abuse treatment: A national study of VA programs. Medical Care 32(6):535-550. Abstract Available

Project MATCH Research Group, 1997. Matching alcoholism treatments to client heterogeneity: Project MATCH posttreatment drinking outcomes. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 58(1):7-29. Abstract Available

Regier, D.A., et al., 1990. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse: Results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study. Journal of the American Medical Association 264(19):2511-2518. Abstract Available

Risinger, R.C., et al., 2005. Neural correlates of high and craving during cocaine self-administration using BOLD fMRI. Neuroimage 26(4):1097-1108. Abstract Available

Ritsher, J.B., et al., 2002. Psychiatric comorbidity, continuing care, and mutual help as predictors of five-year remission from substance use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 63(6):709-715. Abstract Available

Ritsher, J.B.; Moos, R. H.; and Finney, J.W., 2002. Relationship of treatment orientation and continuing care to remission among substance abuse patients. Psychiatric Services 53(5):595-601. Abstract Available

Ross, H.E.; Glaser, F.B.; and Germanson, T., 1988. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with alcohol and other drug problems. Archives of General Psychiatry 45(11):1023-1031. Abstract Available

Roter, D.L., et al., 1998. Effectiveness of interventions to improve patient compliance: A meta-analysis. Medical Care 36(8):1138-1161. Abstract Available

Rounsaville, B.J., et al., 1986. Prognostic significance of psychiatric disorders in treated opiate addicts: A 2.5-year follow-up study. Archives of General Psychiatry 43(8):739-745. Abstract Available

Sannibale, C., et al., 2003. Aftercare attendance and post-treatment functioning of severely substance dependent residential treatment clients. Drug and Alcohol Review 22(2):181-190. Abstract Available

Schlaepfer, T.E., et al., 2006. Decreased frontal white-matter volume in chronic substance abuse. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 9(2):147-153. Abstract Available

Scott, C.K.; Dennis, M.L.; and Foss, M.A., 2005. Utilizing recovery management checkups to shorten the cycle of relapse, treatment reentry, and recovery. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 78(3):325-338. Abstract Available

Scott, C.K.; Foss, M.A.; and Dennis, M.L., 2005. Pathways in the relapse?treatment?recovery cycle over 3 years. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 28(Suppl. 1):S63-S72. Abstract Available

Simon, G.E., et al., 2004. Telephone psychotherapy and telephone care management for primary care patients starting antidepressant treatment: A randomized control trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 292(8):935-942. Full Text Available

Simpson, D.D.; Joe, G.W.; and Broome, K.M., 2002. A national 5-year follow-up of treatment outcomes for cocaine dependence. Archives of General Psychiatry 59(6):538-544. Full Text Available

Simpson, T.L., et al., 2005. Telephone self-monitoring among alcohol use disorder patients in early recovery: A randomized study of feasibility and measurement reactivity. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 79(2):241-250. Abstract Available

Toll, B.A., et al., 2003. What do Internet-based alcohol treatment websites offer? Cyberpsychology & Behavior 6(6):581-584. Abstract Available

Volkow, N.D.; Fowler, J.S.; and Wang, G.J., 2003. The addicted human brain: Insights from imaging studies. Journal of Clinical Investigation 111(10):1444-1451. Full Text Available

Volkow, N.D.; Fowler, J.S.; and Wang, G.J., 2004. The addicted human brain viewed in the light of imaging studies: Brain circuits and treatment strategies. Neuropharmacology 47(Suppl. 1):3-13. Abstract Available

Walker, R., et al., 1983. Length of stay, neuropsychological performance, and aftercare: Influences on alcohol treatment outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 51(6):900-911. Abstract Available

Weisner, C.; Matzger, H.; and Kaskutas, L.A., 2003. How important is treatment? One-year outcomes of treated and untreated alcohol-dependent individuals. Addiction 98(7):901-911. Abstract Available

Willenbring, M.L., 2005. Integrating care for patients with infectious, psychiatric, and substance use disorders: Concepts and approaches. AIDS 19(Suppl. 3):S227-S237. Full Text Available

Wisdom, J.P., et al., 2006. Addiction treatment agencies' use of data: A qualitative assessment. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research 33(4):394-407. Abstract Available

Woody, G.E.; Cottler, L.B.; and Cacciola, J., 1993. Severity of dependence: Data from the DSM-IV field trials. Addiction 88(11):1573-1579. Abstract Available

Zhu, S.-H., et al., 1996. Telephone counseling for smoking cessation: Effects of single-session and multiple-session interventions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64(1):202-211. Abstract Available