| Agent Name |
2-Nitropropane |
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| CAS Number |
79-46-9 |
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| Formula |
C3-H7-N-O2 |
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| Major Category |
Nitrogen Compounds |
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| Synonyms |
2-NP; 2-Nitropropane; Dimethylnitromethane; Isonitropropane; Nipar S-20; Nipar S-20 solvent; Nipar S-30 solvent; Nitroisopropane; beta-Nitropropane; [ChemIDplus] UN2608 |
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| Category |
Nitros, Aliphatic |
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| Description |
Colorless liquid with a pleasant, fruity odor; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used as additive to solvents in concentrations from 5% to 25% to improve drying or flowing characteristics; these solvents are used for coatings, chlorinated rubbers, inks, and adhesives; [ACGIH] "Occupational exposure to 2-NP may occur in many industries including industrial construction and maintenance, printing (rotogravure and flexographic inks), highway maintenance (traffic markings), shipbuilding and maintenance (marine coatings), furniture, and plastic products." [http:www.cdc.gov/niosh/80-142.html] |
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| Comments |
Acute liver injury and/or death have been reported in workers 1) painting the interior of a tank, 2) working in confined spaces with paint and polyester-based resin products, and 3) painting epoxy resins on walls. NP-2 induces methemoglobinemia of 15-25% in cats exposed at 280 ppm for 7 hours. Listed in the table "Examples of Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is NOT the Principal Cause of Toxicity"; [ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effects; Exposure above the OEL could cause liver injury and death; [ICSC] |
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| Reference Link |
NIOSH Health Hazard Alert-- 2-NP |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
10 ppm |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
25 ppm |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
100 ppm |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and severe headache have been reported in workers exposed to daily concentrations of 20 to 45 ppm [Skinner 1947]. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
17.2 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
81 ppm |
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| Odor Threshold High |
288 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 400 ppm/6H |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from AIHA; Flash point = 75 deg F; |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
3: may ignite at ambient temperature |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Methemoglobinemia |
Methemoglobinemia, Secondary |
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| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Primary |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Possible Carcinogen |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 2-NITROPROPANE
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