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Eosinophilic fasciitis

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Illustrations

Superficial anterior muscles
Superficial anterior muscles

Definition    Return to top

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a syndrome in which muscle tissue underneath the skin, called fascia, becomes swollen and thick. Rapid swelling can occur in the hands, arms, legs, and feet.

The disease is similar to scleroderma.

Causes    Return to top

The cause of eosinophilic fasciitis is unknown. Persons with this condition have a build up of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, into the affected fascia and muscles. Eosinophils are associated with allergic-type reactions, but their specific function is largely unknown.

The syndrome is most common in people between ages 30 and 60. In some cases, it appears to be triggered by strenuous physical activity.

Symptoms    Return to top

Exams and Tests    Return to top

Tests that may be done include:

Treatment    Return to top

Treatment with corticosteroid medications provides relief of the symptoms, especially when they are started early in the disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also help relief symptoms.

Outlook (Prognosis)    Return to top

In most cases, the condition goes away within 3 to 5 years. However, symptoms may return (recur) or persist.

Possible Complications    Return to top

Arthritis is a rare complication of eosinophilic fasciitis. Some patients may develop blood-related cancers.

When to Contact a Medical Professional    Return to top

Call your health care provider for an appointment if symptoms of this disorder develop.

Prevention    Return to top

There is no known prevention.

References    Return to top

Harris ED. Budd RC, Genovese MC, Firestein GS, Sargent JS, Sledge CB. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 7th ed. St Louis, MO: WB Saunders;2005:1302-1303.

Update Date: 6/18/2007

Updated by: Steve Lee, DO, Rheumatology Fellow, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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