NAME: CAN/MARC Changes for MARC Format Alignment
SOURCE: National Library of Canada, Library of Congress, British Library
SUMMARY: This paper presents the changes that the CAN/MARC users have suggested that be made to USMARC to facilitate the alignment of the Bibliographic and Authority format and indicates the status of the UKMARC alignment discussions.
RELATED: DP90 (June 1995)
KEYWORDS: CAN/MARC; UKMARC
STATUS/COMMENTS:
1/16/96 - Forwarded to USMARC Advisory Group for introduction at the January 1996 MARBI meeting.
1/22/96 - Introduced at the USMARC Advisory Group meeting. Based on brief discussion and investigation the paper will be revised to divide the changes into two parts, those stimilated by the introduction of the Rules for Archival Description in Canada and "other". Participants are asked to respond with general impact statements on each of the four parts to the new version of the DP by April 15.
2/9/96 - Reissued based on information from Canada and to divide the Archival from the other changes.
DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 93: CAN/MARC Changes
Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Suggested Changes to USMARC to Align with CAN/MARC
3. Bibliographic Format
4. Authority Format
5. Bibliographic Format, Archival material
6. Authority Format, Archival material
7. Next Steps
Appendix A: Prime Meridians
Appendix B: New Bibliographic Format Fields
Appendix C: Examples for CAN/MARC Field 378
Appendix D: CAN/MARC's Local Fields in Bibliographic and
Authority Formats
Appendix E: New Authority Format Character Positions and Fields
1. INTRODUCTION
In November of 1994 a process to align the USMARC, CAN/MARC, and
UKMARC formats was initiated by representatives from the British
Library (BL), the Library of Congress (LC), and the National
Library of Canada (NLC). Discussion Paper No.90, presented in June
1995, described that initiative, the motivations for seeking
alignment, and a listing of differences between CAN/MARC and USMARC
and description of differences between UKMARC and USMARC.
There were two major areas to be treated in the alignment process:
the arrangements for control and maintenance of the joint format
and the actual changes to content designation that might be
proposed to effect alignment. Since May 1995 consultations have
been held with constituencies in the US, Canada, and the UK. The
USMARC Advisory Group had a discussion in June 1995 (DP90), the
Canadian Committee on MARC held discussions in June and October
1995, and the British Library held a consultation meeting in July
1995. All three forums supported the alignment. The Canadian
committee made a detailed analysis of the differences between
CAN/MARC and USMARC and recommended how differences could be dealt
with. The British meeting supported the process and the BL is
preparing documentation on differences and critical elements of
UKMARC. The US meeting supported the process and looked forward to
more detail to enable the USMARC users to analyze costs, as a first
step.
At a meeting of LC, NLC and the BL in December 1995, the Canadian
suggestions became available and a slightly later time line
(approximately 1 year) for the UKMARC alignment, which is more
complex, was discussed.
In looking at alignment, account has been taken of the fact that
the USMARC constituency (and also the CAN/MARC users) went through
an in-depth review of the format in the format integration process.
At that time a number of simplification proposals were considered,
along with changes required for integration.
2. SUGGESTED CHANGES TO USMARC TO ALIGN WITH CAN/MARC
The US has had a long history of cooperation with Canada on format
development. In the last 5-10 years, format changes have been
virtually simultanious and almost identical. CAN/MARC and USMARC
are already very close as the list of differences in DP 90
indicated. The Canadian Committee on MARC has analyzed those
differences and recommended which changes their community could
make (a considerable number) and for which they suggested a change
to USMARC. They have treated both the Bibliographic and the
Authority formats. This detail allows the USMARC community to
analyze cost and impact of the proposed changes to USMARC.
One major event for CAN/MARC has come up recently. The archival
community in Canada has been developing a standard set of
cataloging rules for archival material, called the Rules for
Archival Description. In the summer and fall of 1995, the Canadian
Committee on MARC (CCM) considered enhancements to the CAN/MARC
format to better accommodate the descriptions formulated under
those rules. A number of the following changes result from these
archival enhancements to CAN/MARC, although they are far fewer than
the possible changes the CCM originally discussed. Several
changes, and particularly the new fields, duplicate data already in
USMARC and CAN/MARC. This has been noted in the field
descriptions. All of the possible additions stimulated by these
archival rules need to be carefully reviewed by the US communities
that deal with archival materials. Canada would like to have
comments on those changes especially. The Society for American
Archivists has been tracking the progress of the RAD rules and can
perhaps indicate the possibilities for their use in the US.
The following recommendations from Canada are divided into four
parts, the Bibliographic and Authority formats, general changes,
and the same formats, archival material changes. Additions to
USMARC are enclosed in angle brackets <>. In a few cases square
brackets [ ] indicate words or values to be deleted from USMARC.
3. BIBLIOGRAPHIC FORMAT
LDR/17 - Encoding Level
<3 Abbreviated record
Code 3 indicates a record in which the content is
reduced. It would be used for pamphlets or ephemeral
material and could include only a title and fields needed
for record management, such as 001.>
<6 CAN/MARC minimal level>
Code 6 indicates a Canadian minimal level record which
allows reduced content designation in the record, even in
the tags. For example, a tag may be "7xx".
Note: USMARC value 7 also means Minimal level. CAN/MARC value
6 is only used in Canada for communication of some records
from Canadian libaraies to the National Library of Canada for
their union list function. The National Library of Canada
does not distribute records with this value and nor is the
originating institution expected to exchange them with other
institutions.
007 - All / 02 - Original vs. Reproduction Aspect
<# No information given>
Note: USMARC advises not using this postion but supplying a
fill character. Canada does not have the position defined, so
it contains a blank (#), therefore blank needs to be defined.
Reconsider making the definition obsolete?
007 - Globe / 01 - Specific Material Designation
<e Lunar globe (earth moon)>
Note: In USMARC, globes of earth moons are NOT distinguished
from other non-earth moon globes. Both are currently coded
b=Planetary or lunar globe.
<u Unknown>
008 - All / 39 - Cataloging Source
c [Library of Congress] Cooperative cataloging {Redefine}
<f National Library of Canada>
<r Library reporting to Canadian National Union Catalogue>
008 - Books / 24-27 - Nature of Contents
<m Thesis>
<z Treaties>
Note: Neither are currently coded in USMARC.
008 - Books / 33 - Fiction
<# Non-fiction>
<c Comic strip>
<d Drama>
<e Essays>
<f Fiction>
<h Humor, satire, etc.>
<i Letter>
<j Short stories>
<m Miscellaneous info.>
<p Poetry>
<s Speeches>
[0 Not fiction] <OBSOLETE>
[1 Fiction] <OBSOLETE>
008 - Maps / 18-21 - Relief
<u Unknown>
008 - Maps / 22-23 - Projection
<az Azimuthal, other type>
<bz Cylindrical, other type>
<cz Conic, other type>
Note: USMARC at preseat includes the following codes which
appear to be similar to the ones from CAN/MARC: au=Azimuthal,
specific type unknown, bu=Cylindrical, specific type unknown,
cu=Conic, specific type unknown, and zz=Other. If the general
and/or the specific types are known but there is not a code
for the specific, the positions are probably being coded zz.
Statistics for the LC maps file:
144,851 ## = Projection not specified
1,356 zz = Other
289 aa-af = specific type of azimuthal
28 au = specific azimuthal unknown
4,990 ba-bi = specific type of cylindrical
39 bu = specific cylindrical unknown
4,525 ca-cp = specific type of conic
352 cu = specific conic unknown
178 da-dh = other specific types
008 - Maps / 24-25 - Prime Meridian
CANMARC has 39 prime meridian values, using 2 character
positions for them. USMARC has only 7 values, in cp 24. Six
of the 7 USMARC merdians are also in the CAN/MARC list, with
different codes. USMARC uses cp 25 for Type of cartographic
material (Single map, Map series, Map serial, Globe, Atlas).
Canada suggests that the USMARC values for positions 24 and 25
be abandoned and the 39 prime meridian 2-character values in
CAN/MARC be adopted. See Appendix A for the current CAN/MARC
and current USMARC values.
008 - Music / 18-19 - Form of Composition
<bd Ballads>
<rp Rhapsodies>
<sd Square dance music>
Note: ballads and square dance music are currently coded
fm=Folk music; rhapsodies are coded zz=Other.
008 - Serials / 24 - Nature of Entire Work
<u University calendars>
Note: University calendars are listings of courses offered
and are simetimes called catalogs or bulletins in the US.
USMARC includes university catalogs under c=Catalogs.
008 - Visual Material / 24-27 - Accompanying Material
<a Language material, printed>
<c Music, printed>
<d Diorama>
<e Map, printed>
<f Filmstrip>
<g Game>
<h Microform>
<i Sound recording, non-musical>
<j Sound recording, musical>
<k Picture>
l <MRDF> [Stills] {Redefine}
m <Motion picture [Script material] {Redefine}
<n Chart>
o <Flash card> [Posters] {Redefine}
p <Microscope slide> [Pressbooks] {Redefine}
q <Model> [Lobby cards] {Rededine}
r <Realia> [Instructional materials] {Redefine}
s <Slide> [Music] {Redefine}
<t Transparency>
<v Videorecording>
Note: Accompanying material occupies character postions 23-27
in USMARC, allowing specification of 5 types. Canada suggests
that postion 23 be abandoned, since it was defined for
something different in CAN/MARC, and only 4 postions, 24-27,
be used. The old definition of CAN/MARC/008/VM/23 and of
USMARC/008/VM/23 would become obsolete; and, with the mixing
of records, it could no longer be interpreted. Any values in
USMARC position 23 that need to be preserved would need to be
moved to positions 24-27.
The proposed values for positions 24-27 would change the
orientation of this position. In USMARC the position is
specifically for material that might accompany motion
pictures, especially archival, whereas the CAN/MARC values
would eliminate designation of these materials and substitute
designation of all types of accompanying material at
approximately the SMD level. The codes appear to be a mixture
of parts of the values found in Leader/06 (Type of Record),
007/00 (Category of material), and 007/01 (Specific material
designation).
<009 - Cartographic Material>
Add an appendix to the format with this local Canadian field.
Most of the positions are covered in a combination of the
USMARC 008 and 007, especially with the expansion of 007 that
is currently being proposed for the maps field 007. See
Appendix D for outline of CAN/MARC 009.
<016 - National Library of Canada Record Control Number>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
028 Publisher Number for Music / Ind 2
Ind 2 - Note[/added entry] controller {Redefine}
0 <Printed or displayed> [No note, no added entry]
1 <Not printed or displayed> [Note, added entry]
[2 Note, no added entry]
[3 No note, added entry]
Note: Canada had no need for the added entry designation
(which means indexed or not indexed) as they always index the
number.
048 - Number of Musical Instruments or Vioces
<pf Celeste>
[kl Celeste]
Note: CAN/MARC changed the code from kl when they decided
that the celeste was a percussive instrument (p_), not a
keyboard instrument (k_).
082 - Dewey Decimal Call Number / Ind 2
Ind 2 - Source of call number
<1 Assigned by NLC>
<087 - Document Shelving Number (CODOC)>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
<9XX - Equivalence, Cross-References and History Notes>
Add appendix for local Canadian fields. See Appendix D for
list of CAN/MARC 9XX fields.
4. AUTHORITY FORMAT
<008/08 - Bilingual Usage Code>
Newly defined character position. This information is very
important for Canada. The values are narrowly defined to
accommodate only the English and French. See Appendix E for
description.
008/11 - Subject Heading System/Thesaurus
<s Sears List of Subject Headings>
<t Canadian Supplement to Sears List of Subject Headings>
008/17 - Type of Subject Subdivision
<# No information given>
008 - All / 39 - Cataloging Source
c [Library of Congress] Cooperative cataloging {Redefine}
<f National Library of Canada>
Note: Corresponds to code #=Library of Congress.
<v Universite Laval>
Note: Center for French records.
<016 - National Library of Canada Record Control Number>
New field. See Appendix E for description.
<055 - Call Number Assigned in Canada (Series)>
New field. See Appendix E for description.
$w / 0 - Special Relationship
<o Variant name>
Used especially for corporate bodies for variant names
that commonly appear on an organization's publications
but do not represent a change of name for the
organization.
4XX - See From Tracings (where applicable)
<$2 Source
Subfield $2 contains a code indicating the subject
heading system of the heading in the field.>
Note: In USMARC, the 7XX were established to carry the valid
forms of headings as found in other subject heading systems or
thesauri. They may be treated as 4XX by a processing
insitution, or in some special manner.
Canada uses LCSH for the most part, but have developed
alternative and expanded headings in some areas. They code as
LCSH for all 1XX headings from LCSH that they use and they
code all headings that are different or that are an expansion
of LCSH as Canadian Subject Headings (CSH). For headings that
are different they include the LCSH form of heading as a 4XX
and want to be able to identify that it is the corresponding
LCSH form. An alternative would be to use the 7XX fields.
5XX - See Also From Tracings (where applicable)
<$3 Authority record control number>
7XX - Heading Linking Entries (where applicable)
[$u Record control number]
<$3 Authority record control number>
<9XX - Equivalent Headings>
Add appendix for local Canadian fields. See Appendix D for
list of CAN/MARC 9XX fields.
Note: USMARC defined the 7XX fields for valid forms of a
heading in other thesauri. Canada plans to continue to use
the 9XX fields for the other heading in the special
french/english cases and to use the 7XX for other appropriate
headings.
5. BIBLIOGRAPHIC FORMAT, Archival Material
LDR/7 - Bibliographic Level
In the definition of d=Subunit indicate that it includes a
level of archival description below fonds.
<f Archival fonds>
Note: According to the RAD a fonds is the whole of the
documents, regardless of form or meduim, automatically and
organically created and/or accumulated and used by a
particular individual, family of corporate body in the course
of the creator's activities or functions. A fonds is not
equivalent to an accession. A fonds may contain two or more
accession units; similarly, an accession may contain more than
one fonds.
An archival fonds is essentially equivalent to a collection in
USMARC and CAN/MARC, for which code c has already been
established.
LDR/8 - Type of Control
In the definition of a=Archival control add that it means <for
example, fonds, series, files, item, etc.>
<b Archival accession>
Note: An archival record required by law in Canada. The
record describes a group of archival materials as they were
received from a source. The materials described in an
archival accession record could be part of an archival fonds
or dispersed into more than one archival fonds. It is not
clear that this is the appropriate place to indicate what
appears to be a record status or an encoding level.
There may be a more appropriate place in the record for this
type of information.
LDR/18 - Descriptive Cataloging Form
<m International Standard Archival Description (ISAD) form
Code m indicates the records are formulated according to
the General International Standard Archival description
(ISAD(G)).>
Note: ISAD(G) was adopted by the Ad-hoc Commission on
Descriptive Standards, Stockholm, 21-23 January 1993 (Final
ICA approved version). It was published in 1994 by the
International Council of Archives, Ottawa; ISBN 0-9696035-1-7;
$10.00 USD Prepaid.
260 - Publication, Distribution, <Creation,> etc. (Imprint)
$a Place of publication, distribution, <creation,> etc.
$c Date of publication, distribution, <creation,> etc.
Note: In USMARC and CAN/MARC place and date of creation are
currently placed in field 245, subfields $c, $f, and $g.
<376 - Archival Description - Custodial History>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
<377 - Archival Description - Scope and Content>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
<378 - Archival Description - Archival History>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
<542 - Location of Related Archival Materials Note>
New field. See Appendix B for description.
583 - Action Note
<$8 Link and sequence number>
Note: Field 583 in the Holdings format has $8 defined.
584 - Accumulation, <Accrual,> and Frequency of Use {Redefine}
6. AUTHORITY FORMAT, Archival Material
008/10 - Descriptive Cataloging Rules
<t Rules for Archival Description (RAD)>
$w / 0 - Special Relationship
<t Immediate parent>
Used for archival material according to the RAD rules,
for corporations and persons(?).
7. NEXT STEPS
MARC implementations assess impact and cost of the above changes if
they were made to USMARC. Consider software and retrospective
conversion or non-conversion. Also consider the advantages of
having the CAN/MARC format aligned with USMARC so that the North
American libraries can have improved interchange of records.
Forward comments for the four areas specified in items 3. through
6. above to the Network Development and MARC Standards Office by
April 15, 1996 (Sally McCallum, Network Development and MARC
Standards Office, Library of Congress, Washington, DC, 20540)
(smcc@loc.gov). If all or part of comments can be shared on the
USMARC Forum, then also post to the list.
Based on impact statements and further discussion with Canada, a
proposal will be prepared for the July 1996 meeting.
It should be noted that Australia is becoming a USMARC user in 1996
and New Zealand has been using USMARC for a number of years. They
have not been a formal part of the alignment initiative, as they
were considered to be "not different". The National Library of
Australia is a member of the USMARC Advisory Group. There is close
collaboration between the National libraries in Australia and New
Zealand as they are jointly developing a new system for their
respective institutions. They will continue to be informed and
participate in this discussion through the USMARC Advisory Group.
_________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX A: PRIME MERIDIANS
Current CAN/MARC Codes Current USMARC Codes
ab Ferro, Canary Islands f Ferro
ac Paris, France g Paris
ad Amsterdam, Neththerlands ----
ae Athens, Greece ----
af Batavia, (Djakarta) Indonesia ----
ag Berne, Switzerland ----
ah Bogota, Columbia ----
ai Brussels, Belgium ----
ak Cadiz, Spain ----
al Capetown, South Africa ----
am Caracas, Venezuela ----
an Copenhagen, Denmark ----
ao Cordoba, Argentina ----
ap Helsinki, Finland ----
aq Julianehaab, Greenland ----
ar Lisbon, Portugal ----
as Madras, India ----
at Madrid, Spain ----
ba Mexico City, Mexico ----
bb Munich, Germany ----
bc Naples, Italy ----
bd Oslo (Christiana), Norway ----
be Philadelphia, Pa. U.S.A. p Philadelphia
bf Pulkovo (St. Petersberg), Russia ----
bg Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ----
bh Rome, Italy ----
bi Santiago, Chile ----
bj Stockholm, Sweden ----
bk Sydney, Australia ----
bl Tirana, Albania ----
bm Tokyo, Japan ----
bn Washington, D.C., U.S.A. w Washington, D.C.
bo London, England ----
bp Moscow, Russia ----
bq Istanbul, Turkey ----
br Peking, China ----
uu Unknown ----
zz Other z Other
---- # Prime meridian not specified
---- e Grenwich
Statistics for the LC maps file:
155,764 # = Prime meridian not specified
449 e,f,g,p,w = specific prime meridians indicated in
records
396 z = prime meridian other than the ones with
specific values
_________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX B: NEW BIBLIOGRAPHIC FORMAT FIELDS
The Canadian MARC Office (CMO) states that these fields would only
be used by Canadians, therefore would be only document changes to
USMARC. This is not clear since the concept is a common format
that all can use and Canadians using US utilities would require
these fields. The fields would need to be implemented in any
USMARC system, regardless of origin.
Add the following new fields:
016 NLC Control Number
This field contains record control numbers assigned by the
National Library of Canada.
Indicators are undefined; contain blanks
Subfield codes
$a NLC record control number (NR)
$z Cancelled NLC record control number (R)
Example:
016 ##$a#730032015##rev
Note: This field is comparable to field 010 (LC control
number).
087 CODOC Number
This field is provided for the document shelving number for
Canadian federal and provincial government documents that was
recommended by the Canadian Task Group on Cataloging
Standards. The CODOC system originated at the University of
Guelph and was developed by the Ontario Universities Library
Cooperative (OULCS) Cooperative Government Publications
Project. The CODOC number is a variable length alphanumeric
code.
Indicators are undefined; contain blanks
Subfield codes
$a Document shelving number (CODOC)
$6 Linkage
Examples:
087 ##$aCA2 PQ CO7 81P52
Number for Programme de depot des publications
gouvernementales du Quebec dans les bibliotheques (1981)
by C. Beaudet. CA2 means the document is a provincial
one; PQ means province Quebec.
087 ##$aCA2 PQ Z3 73M103
Number for Analyse des mecanismes existant dans la
solution des problems de relations de travail by P.
Beaugrand-Champagne.
Note: In USMARC, if a government document number has some
topical intelligence built into the number, field 086
(Government Document Call Number) is used, and if it is a
number used for distribution of the government document it
appears in field 074 (GPO Item Number). Field 086 has an
indicator value for the Canadian printing office number, which
is applied by the Canadian federal government. The CODOC
number is like the 086 but it is a "local" schema. The USMARC
086 has $2 defined to indicate the schema for those that were
not developed by the federal governments, so it appears that
086 could be used with Indicator 1 = # (Source specified in
subfield $2) and in subfield $2 a code such as "cacodoc"
(since the code "codocs" has already been used for Colorado
state documents). CAN/MARC currently uses the tag 088 for the
CODOC number and is willing to change.
376 Archival Description - Custodial History
<No description available from Canadian proposal. Following
information in <> derived fron the RAD specification.>
<History of the custody of the unit being described such as
successive transfers of ownership and custody of control of
material, along with dates. At first level, custodial history
of fonds as a whole; at subsequent levels, custodial history
that pertains to part being described.>
Indicators are undefined, contain blanks
Subfields
$a Custodial History
Example:
376 ##$aEastern Kings Unitarian Universalist Fellowship
records were sent to the Universalist Unitarian Church in
Halifax for safekeeping in 1980 and transferred to the
Public Archives of Nova Scotia with the Universalist
Unitarian Church of Halifax records.
Note: The content of this field is described in the new
Canadian Rules for Archival Description (RAD). The field
content overlaps with fields already existing in CAN/MARC and
USMARC, but since this and the following two data elements are
part of an archival area in the RAD and belonged just before
the notes in a display, new 3XX fields were created for the
data. Field 376 field ia a new form of USMARC and CAN/MARC
field 561 (Provenance Note).
377 Archival Description - Scope and Content
<No description available from Canadian proposal. Following
information in <> derived from the RAD specification. The RAD
rules also have clauses on the scope and content statements
for fonds, series, files, and items.>
<Contains information about the scope, contents, and internal
structure or arrangement of the records that is important to
the understanding of the records and of their creation.>
Indicators not defined, contain blanks.
Subfield codes
$a Level of description
$b Scope and content
Examples:
377 ##$aSeries$bconsists of minutes of meetings of the Board
together with correspondence and other documents referred
to in the minutes. The records reflect ...
377 ##$aFonds$bconsists of minutes of meetings, research
files relating to the delivery of health care services in
Nova Scotia, recorded ...
Note: The content of this field is described in the new
Canadian Rules for Archival Description (RAD). The field
content overlaps with fields already existing in CAN/MARC and
USMARC. The 377 field is a new form of USMARC and CAN/MARC
field 351 (Organization and Arrangement of Materials),
although that field has more structure than the above, and
field 520 (Summary, Etc. Note).
378 Archival Description - Archival History
<No description available from Canadian proposal. Following
information in <> derived fron the RAD specification.>
<For fonds and series, contains the history of the corporate
body (administrative history) or the history of the person(s)
or family(ies) (biographical sketch) responsible for the
creation and/or accumulation and use of the fonds as a whole
or the series.>
Indicator 1 - Type of History
0 Administrative history
1 Biographical history
Indicator 2 - Structure of Information
The information is given either structured or
unstructured. If unstructured, place all the information
under $a. Paragraphs may be set off with repeating $a as
required. If the information is structured, use
appropriate subfields as required.
0 Unstructured narrative
1 Structured narrative
Subfield codes
$a Narrative text and other information (R)
$b Dates of founding and dissolution (NR)
<Date of founding of the corporate body and, as
applicable the date of dissolution.>
$c Mandate and sphere of functional responsibility (R)
<Authority of the corporate body in terms of
powers, functional sphere of responsibilities, or
sphere of activities; cite of enabling legislation;
summary of significant changes of authority.>
$d Predecessors and successors (R)
$e Administrative relationship and structure (NR)
<Relationship of the body with predecessor or
successor bodies to its mandate, functions, or
activities.>
$f Names of corporate bodies (R)
<Any changes of the official name of the body not
recorded in one of the other elements, any popular
or common names, names in other languages.>
$h Names of chief officers, families, and other
persons (R)
<Names of persons holding position of chief officer
of the organization or corporate body.>
$j Place of residence (R)
<Residence(s) of the person or family, and length
of residence.>
$k Education (NR)
<Formal education of persons, including members of
families.>
$m Occupation, life, and activities (R)
<Principal occupation(s) and career or life work of
persons, or activities of families; relationships;
offices held; honors; etc.>
Examples:
Very long, see Appendix C.
Note: The content of this field is described in the new
Canadian Rules for Archival Description (RAD). The field
content overlaps with fields already existing in CAN/MARC and
USMARC. The 378 field ia a new form of USMARC and CAN/MARC
field 545 (Biographical or Historical Note).
542 Location of Related Archival Materials Note
<No description available.>
Indicators not defined; contain blanks
Subfield codes
$a Unstructured narrative (NR)
$d Title of related materials (R)
$e Provenance of related materials (R)
$3 Materials specified (NR)
$6 Linkage (NR)
Example:
542 ##$aOther records relating to the delivery of health care
services can be found in the Health Care Services
Division files of the Dept. of Health fonds.
Note: This field is a new form of the USMARC and CAN/MARC
field 544 (Location of Associated Archival Materials Note).
The CAN/MARC field 542 substitutes a new subfield $a for the
three USMARC subfields $a, $b, $c giving Custodian, Address,
and Country.
_________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX C: EXAMPLES FOR CAN/MARC FIELD 378
Administrative sketch associated with the Canadian Department of
External Affairs
Unstructured version:
378 00$aThe Department of External Affairs was founded in l9O9,
8-9 Edward VII, c-13: An Act to create a Department of
External Affairs". Assented to 19 May 1909.$aThe Department
of External Affairs was formed in 1909 to be responsible for
the conduct of Canadian relations with other countries,
within the context of the British Empire. In 1931 the scope
of this responsibility was broadened by the Statute of
Westminster to include all aspects of Canadian international
relations. The main function of the department is the
protection and advancement of Canadian interests abroad. To
achieve this objective the department supervises relations
between Canada and other countries and Canadian
participation in international organizations. It provides
for Canada in representation in foreign countries negotiates
treaties and agreements and collect's information regarding
developments likely to affect Canada's international
relations.$aPrevious to the establishment of the Department
of External Affairs, the Office of the Governor General was
the official body through which Canada's foreign affairs
were handled. Correspondence between the Dominions and
Colonial Offices in Great Britain was routed through the
Governor General and then to the specific department
involved. No one body was responsible for the conduct of
Canada's foreign policy. At the time of Confederation
Parliament became responsible for the regulation of trade
and commerce and defence, but there was no suggestion that
Canada should act as an independent entity in external
relations. The conduct of Canada's foreign affairs was in
the hands of the British Foreign Office. Because there was
no department specifically charged with handling external
affairs matters, responsibility for handling correspondence
regarding the appointment of foreign consuls, extradition
and passports was in the office of the Secretary of State.
His office also handled foreign visits and ceremonies.
Before the establishment of an independent foreign affairs
ministry, trade matters were dealt with by the Department of
Trade and Commerce, founded in 1892, and the Departments of
Agriculture and Interior were responsible for Immigration
matters.$aThe conduct of immigration, trade and
international aid policy has throughout Canada's history
been conducted primarily by those departments' whose main
mandate has been these tasks. However, it must be noted
that the overall conduct of Canada's foreign policy is in
the hands of the Department of External Affairs and it has
always played a leading and coordinating role in Canada's
international relations.$aThe Department of External Affairs
is headed by a Secretary of State for External Affairs who
is a member of the Canadian Cabinet. The Under-Secretary of
State is the chief administrative officer of the department
and is assisted by a number of Assistant and Associate
Under- Secretaries of State. The department is divided into
headquarters'operations along with all of its posts abroad.
Posts abroad are divided into High Commissions, Embassies,
Legations and Consuls to either individual countdes or
international organizations.$aThe Prime Minister of Canada,
except for the department's first three years of existence,
was the Secretary of State for External Affairs until 28 May
1946 with the passage of the Department of External Affairs
Act which allowed the department a separate Secretary of
State. Secretaries of State of the Department of External
Affairs. Charles Murphy (1 June 1909 - 6 October 191 1);
Robert Laird Borden 1 April 1912 - 10 July 1920); Arthur
Meighen (10 July 1920 - 29 December 1921); William Lyon
Mackenzie King (29 December 1921 - 28 June 1926), Arthur
Meighen (29 June 1926 - 25 September 1926); William Lyon
Mackenzie King (25 September 1926 - 7 August 1930); Richard
Bedford Bennett (7 August 1930 - 23 October 1935); William
Lyon Mackenzie King (23 October 1935 - 3 September 1946;
Louis St. Laurent (4 September 1946 - 9 September 1948),
Lester Bowles Pearson (1 0 September 1948 - 15 November
1948); Lester Bowles Pearson (15 November 1948 - 21 June
1957); John George Diefenbaker (21 June 1957 - 12 September
1957), Sidney Earle Smith (13 September 1957 - 17 March
1959); Howard Charles Green (4 June 1959 - 22 April 1963);
Paul Joseph James Martin (22 April 1963 - 20 April 1968).
Structured version of the same text. The text would be exactly the
same as the above only the subfielding would be different. To save
space the text has not been repeated below except after subfield
identifiers.
378 01$bThe Department of External Affairs was founded in 1909,
8-9 Edward VII, c-13: An Act to create a Department of
External Affairs". Assented to 19 May 1909.$cThe Department
of External Affairs was formed in 1909 to be responsible for
the conduct of Canadian relations with other countries,
within the context of the British Empire. In 1931
...$dPrevious to the establishment of the Department of
External Affairs, the Office ...$eThe conduct of
immigration, trade and international aid policy ...$fThe
Department of External Affairs is headed by a Secretary of
State for ...$hThe Prime Minister of Canada, except for the
department's first three years ...
Biographical sketch associated with Marshall McLuhan
Unstructured version
378 10$aHerbert Marshall McLuhan was a Canadian theorist of the
media. Herbert Marshall McLuhan was known as Marshall
McLuhan throughout his life. Marshall McLuhan was born in
Edmonton, Alberta on 21 July 1911 to Herbert Ernest McLuhan,
a salesman, and Elsie Naomi (Hall) McLuhan, an actress and
monologist.$aThe family moved to Winnipeg, where McLuhan
attended the University of Manitoba from 1929 to 1934,
receiving a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Arts in English
literature. He received his doctorate in English literature
from Cambridge University in 1942, the topic of his
dissertation being "The Place of Thomas Nashe in the
Learning of His Time".$a After teaching English at various
American universities, McLuhan returned to Canada in 1944 to
teach at Assumption College in Windsor. From 1946 until
shortly before his death, he taught English at St. Michael's
College, University of Toronto. From 1953 to 1956 he
directed a seminar on culture and communication that was
sponsored by the Ford Foundation. In addftion to his
teaching work, he co-edited with anthropologist Edmund
Carpenter a periodical called "Explorations" from 1953 to
1959. He later directed a media project for the United
States Office of Education and the Nabonal Association of
Educational Broadcasters (1 959-1960) titled "Understanding
New Media". In 1963, McLuhan became the director of the
University of Toronto's newly-established Centre for Culture
and Technology. The Centre conducted research on questions
of sensory perception and other communications-related
issues and offered academic courses. In December 1966,
McLuhan was appointed to the Albert Schweitzer Chair in
Humanities at Fordham University in New York City, a post he
held for the 1967-1968 academic year. In 1970, McLuhan
became a Companion of the Order of Canada.$aMcLuhan's books
include the following: The Mechanical Bride: The Folklore of
Industrial Man (1 951); The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of
Typographic Man (1 962), for which he was awarded the
Governor General's prize for critical prose; Understanding
Media: The Extensions of Man (1964); The Medium is the
Massage (1967), written with Quentin Fiore; War and Peace in
the Global Village (1 968), also written with Quentin Fiore;
Through the Vanishing Point: Space in Poetry and Painting
(1968), co-authored with Harley Parker; Counterblast (1969),
also written with Harley Parker; Culture is Our Business
(1970); From Clich(J to Archetype (1970), written with
Wilfred Watson; Take Today: The Executive as Dropout (1972),
written with Barrington Nevitt; and The City as Classroom,
co-authored by McLuhan, his son Eric McLuhan, and Kathryn
Hutchon in 1977. In addition to these works, McLuhan had a
volume of his literary criticism published in 1969, entitled
The Interior Landscape: Selected Literary Criticism, and
edited by Eugene McNamara. He also co- edited with Edmund
Carpenter, a volume of essays compiled from the Explorations
periodical, entitled Explorations in Communications (1960).
McLuhan's only book-length work of literary criticism is his
1956 edition of the poetry of Alfred Lord Tennyson entitled
Selected Poetry of Tennyson. With Richard J. Schoek, he
edited Voices ofLfterature(1964-1970). In addition to these
works, McLuhan wrote hundreds of articles, was interviewed
for numerous journals and popular magazines, and delivered
many lectures and informal talks on a variety of topics. He
also edited an information letter, The Dew Line.$aAs a
theorist of the media, McLuhan believed that the printing
press radically transformed Western thought and society.
Moreover, the invention and wide diffusion of the telegraph,
telephone, cinema, radio, television and other electronic
media recreated an environment for communication not unlike
that of primitive societies. Critics of his writings and
ideas noted that McLuhan presented his ideas in a mosaic
rather than a linear pattern.
Structured version of the same text. The text would be exactly the
same as the above only the subfielding would be different. To save
space the text has not been repeated below except after subfield
identifiers.
378 11$bHerbert Marshall McLuhan was known ...$eHe was a
Canadian theorist ....$dThe family moved to Winnipeg, where
...$eAfter teaching English at various American
...$fMcLuhan's books include the following: The Mechanical
...$eAs a theorist of the media, McLuhan ...
________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX D: CAN/MARC'S LOCAL FIELDS IN BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND AUTHORITY
FORMATS
Bibliographic Format:
009 Cartographic Material - Physical Description Fixed Field
(Detailed)
This field provides physical description information about a
cartographic item at a greater level of detail than is
provided for field 007 (Physical Description Fixed Field). If
necessary, the field can be repeated to specify a multiplicity
of characteristics pertaining to a single item or to specify
individually the characteristics of each component in a multi-
part item.
Outline of 009:
Char.Pos. Name of Data Element
Physical Attributes
0 Physical dimension
1-2 Primary cartographic image
3-4 Physical medium
5 Creation technique
6 Form of reproduction
7 Geodetic adjustment
8 Physical form of publication
Photographic and Remote Sensing Images
9 Altitude of sensor
10 Attitude of sensor
11-12 Spectral bands
13 Quality of image
14 Cloud cover
15-16 Mean value of ground resolution
Specific Material Designation
17 Character of image
18-19 Form of cartographic item
20-21 Presentation technique
22 Position of platform
23 Category of satellite
24-25 Name of satellites
26-27 Recording technique
9XX Equivalences, Cross-references and History Notes
The following fields are presently defined for the French or
English equivalents or cross-references of names.
900 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Personal Name
910 Equivalence, Cross-reference or History Note - Corporate Name
911 Equivalence, Cross-reference or History Note - Conference or
Meeting Name
930 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Uniform Title Heading
940 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Uniform Title
941 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Romanized Title [OBSOLETE]
943 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Collective Title
945 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Title
951 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Geographic Name/Area Name
952 Equivalence or Cross-reference - Hierarchical Place Name
Authority Format:
The following fields are presently defined for the French or
English equivalents of names in the 1XX fields. The 7XX fields in
USMARC are also defined for this information.
900 Equivalent Heading - Personal Name
910 Equivalent Heading - Corporate Name
911 Equivalent Heading - Conference or Meeting
930 Equivalent Heading - Uniform Title
950 Equivalent Heading - Topical Subject
951 Equivalent Heading - Geographic Name
952 Equivalent Heading - Reversed Geographic Name
__________________________________________________________________
APPENDIX E: NEW AUTHORITY FORMAT CHARACTER POSITIONS AND FIELDS
008/8 Bilingual Usage
The codes in this character position indicate wherther the
heading in the 1XX field and its associated reference
structure (that is, the headings in the 1XX, 260, 360, 4XX,
5XX, 663 and 664 fields) are valid according to the rules used
in establishing headings for English-language catalogs (ALA,
AACR), French-language catalogs (RCAA, etc.) or both. If any
heading in the fields mentioned above is valid only in a
single language, then the bilingual usage code must be set to
"e" or "f" as appropriate.
Values:
# No information given
b Headings valid in both French-language and English-
language catalogs
e Headings valid in English-language catalogs only; not
valid in French-language catalogs
f Headings valid in French-language catalogs only; not
valid in English-language catalogs
g Headings valid in English-language catalogs; validity in
French-language catalogs undetermined
h Headings valid in French-language catalogs; validity in
English-language catalogs undetermined
016 NLC Control Number
This field contains authority record control numbers assigned
by the National Library of Canada.
Indicators are undefined; contain blanks
Subfield codes
$a NLC authority record control number (NR)
$z Cancelled NLC authority record control number (R)
Examples:
016 ##$a0010C0008##
016 ##$a0115E5000F#
Note: This field is comparable to field 010 (LC control
number).
055 National Library of Canada Call Number
This field contains the call number for a series assigned in
Canada if the institution has classified all of part of the
series as a collected set.
Indicator 1
0 Current call number
1 Earlier call number
Indicator 2 - Source of call number
0 Assigned by NLC
1 Assigned by agency other than NLC
Subfield codes
$a Classification number (NR)
$b Item number (NR)
$d Volumes/dates to which call number applies (NR)
$5 Institution to which field applies (R)
Example:
055 10$aK347.9944$bC516$d1970-1979
Note: This field is comparable to USMARC Authority format
field 050 (Library of Congress Call Number).
Library of Congress