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Sponsors and Collaborators: |
University of Oulu Oulu Deaconess Institute UKK Institute The Finnish Institute of Occ. Health Biomonitoring Lab., Helsinki, Finland Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation Newtest Ltd CCC Group Ltd Fastrax Ltd |
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Information provided by: | University of Oulu |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00697957 |
Ageing populations have made osteoporosis and fragility fractures a major public health concern worldwide. Half of all women and 30% of all men will suffer a fracture related to osteoporosis during their lifetime. While medical prevention of this immense problem is impossible at population level, it is necessary to find efficient preventive strategies. Exercise is one of the major prevention approaches because one reason behind the increasing burden of osteoporosis is the modern sedentary lifestyle. However, the optimal type, intensity, frequency, and duration of exercise that best enhances skeletal integrity are still largely unknown.
We conducted a 12-month population-based randomized controlled exercise intervention in 120 premenopausal women. The aim was to investigate the effect of impact exercise on bone mineral density, geometry and metabolism in healthy women with the intention of assessing the intensity and amount of impact loading with a novel accelerometer-based measurement device. Training effects on risk factors of osteoporotic fractures, physical performance and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases were also evaluated.
This study demonstrated that 12 months of regular impact exercise favoured bone formation, increased bone mineral density in weight-bearing bones, especially at the hip, and led to geometric adaptations by increasing periosteal circumference. Bone adaptations had a dose- and intensity-dependent relationship with measured impact loading. Changes in proximal femur were threshold-dependent, indicating the importance of high impacts exceeding acceleration of 4 g as an osteogenic stimulus. The number of impacts needed to achieve this stimulation was 60 per day. Impact exercise also had a favourable effect on physical performance and cardiorespiratory risk factors by increasing maximal oxygen uptake, dynamic leg strength and decreasing low-density lipoproteins and waist circumference. Changes were dose-dependent with impact loading at wide intensity range.
Bone adapts to impact loading through various mechanisms to ensure optimal bone strength. The number of impacts needed to achieve bone stimulation appeared to be 60 per day, comparable to the same number of daily jumps. If done on a regular basis, impact exercise may be an efficient and safe way of preventing osteoporosis.
Condition | Intervention |
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Osteoporosis |
Behavioral: Exercise |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Prevention, Randomized, Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor), Parallel Assignment, Efficacy Study |
Official Title: | Bone Adaptation to Impact Loading - Significance of Loading Intensity |
Enrollment: | 120 |
Study Start Date: | May 2002 |
Study Completion Date: | June 2003 |
Primary Completion Date: | June 2003 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
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2: No Intervention
Control group
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1: Experimental
Exercise
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Behavioral: Exercise
Progressive impact exercise
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Ages Eligible for Study: | 35 Years to 40 Years |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Female |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
Random population-based sample of women:
Exclusion Criteria:
Finland | |
University of Oulu | |
Oulu, Finland, 90014 |
Responsible Party: | University of Oulu ( Timo Jämsä, professor ) |
Study ID Numbers: | 40093/02 |
Study First Received: | June 11, 2008 |
Last Updated: | June 13, 2008 |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00697957 |
Health Authority: | Finland: Ministry of Social Affairs and Health |
acceleration bone density cardiovascular diseases exercise female |
fragility fractures impact intensity intervention studies osteoporosis premenopause |
Musculoskeletal Diseases Fractures, Bone Osteoporosis Bone Diseases, Metabolic Bone Diseases |