| Abstract: |
Since the mid-1990s, an ever-increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes in children has been observed. Childhood obesity is associated with substantial comorbidities and late complications, including cardiovascular, orthopedic, and psychosocial problems, whether or not obesity persists into adulthood. This chapter on obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence is from a comprehensive textbook on obesity and diabetes. The authors discuss epidemiology, genetic and environmental factors, clinical presentations (symptoms), screening procedures, a multidisciplinary treatment approach that includes the family, lifestyle and behavior modifications, counseling (individual, group, and family), exercise and physical activity, nutritional interventions, and drug therapy. The authors note that whereas diagnostic methods are clear and straightforward, treatment often remains difficult and frustrating for the patient, the family, and the multidisciplinary team providing health care. The authors caution that because of this reality, more attention must be paid to prevention and health promotion strategies. 2 figures. 3 tables. 77 references. |