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Your search term(s) "Thrombocytosis or thrombosis" returned 93 results.

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Disorders of the Kidneys. IN: Tanagho, E.; McAninch, J., eds. Smith’s General Urology. 17th ed. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill. 2008. pp 506-520.

This chapter about disorders of the kidneys is from an updated edition of a comprehensive textbook about urology that offers an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders common to the genitourinary tract. The author begins with a consideration of congenital anomalies of the kidneys, including agenesis, hypoplasia, supernumerary kidneys, dysplasia and multicystic kidney, adult polycystic kidney disease (PKD), simple or solitary cyst, renal fusion, and ectopic kidney. For most conditions, the author reviews the etiology and pathogenesis, the pathology, clinical findings, differential diagnosis, complications, treatment, and prognosis. The chapter goes on to describe acquired lesions of the kidneys, including aneurysm of the renal artery, renal infarcts, thrombosis of the renal vein, arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous aneurysm, renoalimentary fistula, and renobronchial fistula. The chapter is illustrated with numerous black-and-white drawings and photographs. The chapter concludes with an extensive list of references, categorized by topic. 9 figures. 34 references. 17 ..MJ.- Kidney Diseases. Congenital Anomalies. Acquired Disorders. Diagnosis. Symptoms. Etiology. Therapy. Patient Care Management.

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Value of a Team Approach to Monitoring. Nephrology News & Issues. 22(6): 34-36. May 2008.

This article discusses the use of a team approach to the monitoring required for patients who have arteriovenous (AV) fistulae for hemodialysis vascular access. This team is usually composed of dialysis nurses, a vascular access coordinator, nephrologists, interventionalists, and the surgeon who placed the fistula. The authors review suggested methods of surveillance and the diagnostic techniques that can add valuable information to monitoring efforts. The authors maintain that the examination and surveillance techniques they describe can reduce the incidence of complete access thrombosis, a disruptive complication that can be disturbing for the patient. Incorporating these methods into routine dialysis care can increase access survival and thus reduce hospital days, missed treatments, and catheter use. A chart summarizes the clues of an access failure, the recommended physical examination of the access, the periodic surveillance tools to use, how to handle suspected access malfunction, stenosis or thrombosis, and the interventions for salvage of the access. 1 figure. 14 references.

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ABC of Clinical Hematology. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2007. 99 p.

This book on clinical hematology is from a series of resource books written by specialists for nonspecialists. The book is designed to be easy to use and covers the symptoms, investigations, treatment, and management of conditions presenting in day-to-day practice. The book includes fifteen chapters covering iron deficiency anemia, macrocytic anemias, hereditary anemias, polycythemia, essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis, chronic myeloid leukemia, the acute leukemias, platelet disorders, the myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma and related conditions, bleeding disorders, thrombosis and anticoagulation, lymphoproliferative disorders including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, stem cell transplantation, hematological disorders at the extremes of life, hematological emergencies, and the impact of molecular biology and gene therapy on the field of hematology. The book includes full-color photographs and illustrations. Each chapter concludes with a list of references, and a detailed subject index appears at the end of the text.

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Antiphospholipid Syndrome. IN: Hematology 2007. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp.136-142.

This chapter, from the annual Hematology 2007, describes the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), an autoimmune thrombophilic condition that is marked by the presence of antibodies that recognize phospholipid-binding proteins. Patients with APS tend to present with vascular thrombosis and pregnancy complications, especially recurrent, spontaneous miscarriages. The author focuses on updated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disorder. The author recommends that testing for antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies should usually be restricted to patients who have had thrombosis, embolism, or pregnancy complications that may be attributable to APS, and to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) even if they have not had these manifestations. An initial venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with confirmed APS should be treated with warfarin. Recurrence of VTE in the face of standard treatment should be treated with higher intensity coagulation or in selected situations with a form of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). For pregnant patients with VTE, the author recommends treatment with prophylactic dose heparin plus low-dose aspirin (81 milligrams daily), with modification of administration for delivery, followed by resumption of prophylactic anticoagulation. 2 figures. 3 tables. 41 references.

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Aspirin and Clopidogrel Resistance. IN: Hematology 2007. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp. 114-120.

This chapter, from the annual Hematology 2007, reviews the use of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with cardiovascular disease, focusing on patients who experience aspirin and clopidogrel “resistance.” The authors caution that this term infers a lack of therapeutic response and a single underlying mechanism, which is misleading. The incidence of “resistance” detected in clinical studies varies with the definition applied and assay used to measure response. Rather than true resistance, however, there is a variable patient response that reflects the unique pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of each drug, the clinical significance of which remains to be established. The authors discuss true “aspirin resistance” in which, despite 95 percent inhibition of serum thromboxane B2 by aspirin, residual platelet aggregation is detected in some cases. They consider whether heritable factors directly and indirectly related to platelet cyclooxygenase may influence aspirin response. The authors conclude that, in contrast to aspirin, the response to clopidogrel is highly variable and reflects the bioavailability of the active metabolite and not “resistance” of the receptor to inhibition. 2 tables. 46 references.

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Bleeding And Thrombosis Risks in Plasma Cell Dyscrasias. IN: Hematology 2007. Washington, DC: American Society of Hematology. 2007. pp.158-164.

This chapter, from the annual Hematology 2007, considers the bleeding and thrombosis, or clotting, risks in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, including multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, and other B cell malignancies. The author notes that overt bleeding is relatively uncommon in these patients, despite frequent abnormal screening hemostasis tests. However, acquired von Willebrand deficiency and light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, and amyloidosis complicating multiple myeloma can present with serious hemorrhagic complications that are challenging to manage. The author notes that present understanding is incomplete regarding the complex interactions among malignant plasma cells, inflammatory and hemostasis pathways, and treatment modalities that combine to produce thrombotic complications. The author concludes by calling for additional research to assist clinicians in providing venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis to patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. 1 figure. 4 tables. 67 references.

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Bleeding Disorders, Thrombosis and Anticoagulation. IN: Provan, D., ed. ABC of Clinical Haematology. Williston, VT: Blackwell Publishing Inc. 2007. pp. 52-56.

Blood within the circulation must remain fluid, but if a blood vessel is damaged, localized coagulation must take place to prevent blood loss. This complex interacting system can be disturbed by inherited or acquired factors, resulting in bleeding or thrombotic disorders. This chapter about bleeding disorders, thrombosis, and anticoagulation is from a book on clinical hematology, written by specialists for nonspecialists. The book is designed to be easy to use and covers the symptoms, investigations, treatment, and management of conditions presenting in day-to-day practice. In this chapter, the author outlines the approach to a patient with a suspected bleeding disorder, which should include a medical history, examination, coagulation screening tests, and specialist coagulation tests. The chapter also covers congenital bleeding disorders, acquired bleeding disorders, venous thromboembolism, the inherited thrombophilias, and treatment strategies for venous thromboembolism. The chapter is illustrated with full-color photographs, drawings, and charts. 3 figures. 7 tables. 6 references.

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Catheter-Related Complications of Total Parenteral Nutrition. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102: S97-S101. 2007.

This article describes the catheter-related complications that can occur with the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), focusing on the two major complications related to catheters: occlusion and infection. Topics include nonthrombotic catheter occlusion, catheter-related infection, catheter sepsis and its diagnosis, and exit site and tunnel infections. In each category, the author reviews the typical and atypical symptoms, diagnostic considerations, and treatment options. The author notes that most thrombotic disease actually occurs around, rather than within, the catheter. However, catheter thrombosis is a relatively uncommon occurrence. The greatest risk for developing catheter thrombosis is a previous catheter thrombosis in the absence of catheter malposition. Many catheter occlusions are related to mechanical problems. In long-term patients, most infections occur at the hub, primarily as a result of contamination and improper cleaning of the catheter. 5 figures. 31 references.

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Catheter-Related Complications of Total Parenteral Nutrition. American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102: S97-S101. 2007.

This article describes the catheter-related complications that can occur with the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), focusing on the two major complications related to catheters: occlusion and infection. Topics include nonthrombotic catheter occlusion, catheter-related infection, catheter sepsis and its diagnosis, and exit site and tunnel infections. In each category, the author reviews the typical and atypical symptoms, diagnostic considerations, and treatment options. The author notes that most thrombotic disease actually occurs around, rather than within, the catheter. However, catheter thrombosis is a relatively uncommon occurrence. The greatest risk for developing catheter thrombosis is a previous catheter thrombosis in the absence of catheter malposition. Many catheter occlusions are related to mechanical problems. In long-term patients, most infections occur at the hub, primarily as a result of contamination and improper cleaning of the catheter. 5 figures. 31 references.

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Chronic Myeloproliferative Diseases. IN: Sekeres, M.; Kalaycio, M.; Bolwell, B., eds. Clinical Malignant Hematology. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill. 2007. pp 445-502.

This section about chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPDs) is from a comprehensive reference book that covers the full spectrum of cancers in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system, including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. CMPDs are characterized by the chronic proliferation of one or more of the three hematopoietic cell lines or by marrow stromal cells, in various proportions. The CMPDs include polycythemia vera, idiopathic myelofibrosis, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and essential thrombocytosis (ET). This section offers six chapters: epidemiology, risk factors, and classification; molecular biology, pathology, and cytogenetics; clinical features and making the diagnosis; the recommended treatment approach to polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia; the recommended approach to chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, with extramedullary hematopoiesis; and the management of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and other rare myeloproliferative disorders. The chapters are illustrated with black-and-white clinical pictures and photomicrographs. Each chapter concludes with an extensive list of references.

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