Primary Outcome Measures:
- Demonstrate that AQUAVAN was effective in providing adequate sedation in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary (PC) procedures.
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Treatment-emergent adverse events, Sedation-related adverse events, and airway Assistance.
This was a randomized, open-label study designed to assess the safety and efficacy of AQUAVAN® Injection (hereafter referred to as AQUAVAN) versus the reference drug, midazolam HCl (hereafter referred to as midazolam) following pretreatment with fentanyl citrate injection (hereafter referred to as fentanyl) in producing sedation in male and female patients undergoing single PC procedures.
Screening assessments were done within 2 weeks of scheduled procedures. After completion of preprocedural sedation assessments, patients were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups at a 3:1 (AQUAVAN: midazolam) allocation ratio on the day of the scheduled procedure (Day 0) via an Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS). Randomization was stratified by site.
All patients, regardless of treatment group assignment, received fentanyl as an analgesic pretreatment. Supplemental doses of fentanyl could be administered if the patient reported pain or if analgesia was inadequate, as demonstrated by increased heart rate and/or blood pressure in the presence of adequate sedation. At no time was fentanyl to be administered to increase sedation levels.
AQUAVAN or midazolam was administered by intravenous (i.v.) bolus to induce a state of minimal-to-moderate (procedural) s sedation, defined as a score of ≤4 on the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) scale. Supplemental doses were administered, if necessary, to increase the depth or duration of sedation. Supplemental doses were not administered if the Modified OAA/S score was ≤2 or if there was no purposeful response to stimulation. Patient and Investigator assessments were used to confirm that the depth of sedation met the goals of sedation, reduced anxiety, and awareness.
Follow-up patient assessments were conducted in a telephone interview 24 hours following treatment and during a clinic visit 2 to 5 days following treatment.