Neural Interactions as Carriers of Information |
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| Air date: | Thursday, April 24, 2008, 2:00:00 PM |
| Category: | Wednesday Afternoon Lectures |
| Runtime: | 75 minutes |
| NLM Title: | Neural interactions as carriers of information [electronic resource] / Apostolos P. Georgopoulos. |
| Series: | NIH director's Wednesday afternoon lecture series |
| Author: | Georgopoulos, Apostolos P. National Institutes of Health (U.S.) |
| Publisher: | [Bethesda, Md. : National Institutes of Health, 2008] |
| Other Title(s): | NIH director's Wednesday afternoon lecture series |
| Abstract: | (CIT): Traditionally, neural mechanisms have been investigated as changes in intensity at an elementary level (e.g. single cell, single voxel, etc.). In this lecture, I will show that dynamic, millisecond-by-millisecond, synchronous interactions between integrated neural events (e.g. local field potentials, BOLD fMRI signal, magnetoencephalography [MEG] signal) can be modulated in an orderly fashion by key task variables, for which they provide useful information. In addition, the strength of neural interactions measured by MEG differs among different brain disorders (e.g. multiple sclerosis, Sjg̲ren's syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia) for which it is a good candidate as a functional biomarker. Dr. Georgopoulos is Regents Professor, the McKnight Presidential Chair in Cognitive Neuroscience, and the American Legion Brain Sciences Chair at the University of Minnesota. He is Professor of Neuroscience, Neurology, and Psychiatry, and Director of the Center for Cognitive Sciences. He is also Director of the Brain Sciences Center at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. He obtained both his M.D. (1968) and Ph. D. (1969) degree (in Physiology) from the University of Athens School of Medicine, where he was subsequently appointed Assistant Professor of Physiology. In 1972, he took a leave of absence to train in neurophysiology under Vernon B. Mountcastle at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, where he remained in the Bard Laboratories of Neurophysiology until 1991 as Professor of Neuroscience. In 1991, he moved to the Twin Cities. Dr. Georgopoulos' long-term research goals are to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes of motor behavior in extrapersonal space and to understand the intrinsic mechanisms of the cerebral cortex. He has pioneered the application of analyses based on neuronal populations to decipher brain activity preceding movement, an approach widely used currently in brain-controlled neuroprosthetic devices. His efforts include experimental psychological studies, neurophysiological recordings, functional magnetic resonance imaging at high field, magnetoencephalography (MEG), and neural network modeling. Some of his latest work using MEG allowed a glimpse, in the speed of milliseconds, into the synchronous dynamic interactions of the active brain. This study, recently published in the Journal of Neural Engineering, and covered in the lay press (including the Financial Times and The Economist) reports on Dr. Georgopoulos's discovery of a novel test to identify distinct patterns, or functional biomarkers, for various brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, and others. This test holds great promise for the early diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of subjects with brain disorders. Dr. Georgopoulos is an elected member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, member of the Academy of Athens, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. He has served on the National Advisory Council of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and on the National Advisory Council of the National Institute of Mental Health. In 2006, he received the Krieg Cortical Discoverer Award of the Cajal Club. He has also been awarded the King Solomon Israel Prize in Neuroethology (Israel), the Santiago Grisolia Chair (Spain), the Carnegie Centenary Professorship (Scotland), the George Morgan Award for Creativity and Innovation in Interdisciplinary Education (Brown University), and the Arturo Rosenbluth Professorship (Mexico). He has published over 170 papers in neuroscience and has delivered more than 300 invited lectures worldwide. http://www.brain.umn.edu/bios/Apostolos_G.htm WALS. |
| Subjects: | Neurons--physiology |
| Publication Types: | Government Publications Lectures |
| Download: | Download
Video How to download a Videocast |
| NLM Classification: | WL 102.5 |
| NLM ID: | 101473103 |
| CIT File ID: | 14455 |
| CIT Live ID: | 6220 |
| Permanent link: | http://videocast.nih.gov/launch.asp?14455 |
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Enhanced Audio Podcast | 1:10:32 |
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Enhanced Video Podcast | 1:10:32 | |