Application of Sleep Science and Circadian Biology to Clinical Medicine |
|
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Launch in standalone player | |
| Air date: | Wednesday, June 27, 2007, 3:00:00 PM |
| Category: | Wednesday Afternoon Lectures |
| Runtime: | 72 minutes |
| NLM Title: | Application of sleep science and circadian biology to clinical medicine [electronic resource] / Charles Czeisler. |
| Series: | NIH director's Wednesday afternoon lecture series |
| Author: | Czeisler, Charles A. National Institutes of Health (U.S.). |
| Publisher: | [Bethesda, Md. : National Institutes of Health, 2007] |
| Other Title(s): | NIH director's Wednesday afternoon lecture series |
| Abstract: | (CIT): Growing evidence indicates that chronic sleep loss aversely affects human health. Inadequate daily sleep, such as that experienced by shiftworkers and individuals with sleep disorders (i.e., insomnia or apnea) is associated with a higher risk of developing obesity, heart disease, and cancer. Furthermore, acute sleep loss profoundly impairs alertness, cognitive performance, and judgment, resulting in an increased risk of automobile- and work-related accidents. Defining the neural pathways and genetic basis of sleep-wake regulation is of critical importance for identifying individuals who are at risk of developing sleep and circadian disorders, as well for the development of countermeasures to treat the adverse consequences of sleep loss. In humans, the daily pattern of consolidated sleep and wake is determined by the interaction of two processes; the homeostatic buildup and dissipation of sleep pressure, and the circadian rhythm of sleep/wake propensity. The circadian period of sleep-wake behavior is genetically encoded by a transcriptional/translational negative feedback loop in neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the anterior hypothalamus, which determines the timing of the sleep-wake cycle relative to the solar day and morning vs. evening preference. The SCN temporally coordinates daily changes in behavior, physiology, and gene expression by synchronizing autonomous circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues. Determining the pathways and mechanisms by which the SCN resets the phase of peripheral clocks will provide insight into how the circadian timing system establishes the timing of diverse physiologic functions. Tissues such as the heart, lung and liver show circadian expression of thousands of genes, many of which are tissue specific and non-overlapping. Characterizing the specific functional role of sleep- and circadian-regulated genes in multiple organ systems will be critical for understanding the temporal dynamics and function of these tissues, and represents a significant opportunity for application of these findings to most, if not all, clinical specialties. |
| Subjects: | Circadian Rhythm--physiology Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm--therapy |
| Publication Types: | Government Publications Lectures |
| Download: | Download
Video How to download a Videocast |
| NLM Classification: | WM 188 |
| NLM ID: | 101310968 |
| CIT File ID: | 13920 |
| CIT Live ID: | 5206 |
| Permanent link: | http://videocast.nih.gov/launch.asp?13920 |
| Podcast information | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audio Podcasts | Video Podcasts | |||||
| Description | Runtime | Description | Runtime | |||
|
|
Enhanced Audio Podcast | 1:06:43 |
|
Enhanced Video Podcast | 1:06:43 | |