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Volume 3;  2008
Discovery Notes
The prokaryotic V4R domain is the likely ancestor of a key component of the eukaryotic vesicle transport system
Mircea Podar, Mark A Wall, Kira S Makarova, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 2. Published online 2008 January 25. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-2.
PMCID: PMC2253512
Orphan SelD proteins and selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases
Daniel H Haft and William T Self
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 4. Published online 2008 February 20. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-4.
PMCID: PMC2276186
MutL homologs in restriction-modification systems and the origin of eukaryotic MORC ATPases
Lakshminarayan M Iyer, Saraswathi Abhiman, and L Aravind
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 8. Published online 2008 March 17. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-8.
PMCID: PMC2292703
Endogenous retroviruses of the chicken genome
Ahsan Huda, Nalini Polavarapu, I King Jordan, and John F McDonald
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 9. Published online 2008 March 24. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-9.
PMCID: PMC2329609
An intragenic distribution bias of DNA uptake sequences in Pasteurellaceae and Neisseriae
Mark WJ van Passel
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 12. Published online 2008 March 27. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-12.
PMCID: PMC2346458
U12 intron positions are more strongly conserved between animals and plants than U2 intron positions
Malay Kumar Basu, Wojciech Makalowski, Igor B Rogozin, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 19. Published online 2008 May 14. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-19.
PMCID: PMC2426677
cpRAS: a novel circularly permuted RAS-like GTPase domain with a highly scattered phylogenetic distribution
Marek Elias and Marian Novotny
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 21. Published online 2008 May 29. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-21.
PMCID: PMC2430557
Accumulation of GC donor splice signals in mammals
Alexander Churbanov, Stephen Winters-Hilt, Eugene V Koonin, and Igor B Rogozin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 30. Published online 2008 July 9. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-30.
PMCID: PMC2490688
A highly conserved family of inactivated archaeal B family DNA polymerases
Igor B Rogozin, Kira S Makarova, Youri I Pavlov, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 32. Published online 2008 August 6. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-32.
PMCID: PMC2527604
A new family of polymerases related to superfamily A DNA polymerases and T7-like DNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Lakshminarayan M Iyer, Saraswathi Abhiman, and L Aravind
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 39. Published online 2008 October 4. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-39.
PMCID: PMC2579912
Transduplication resulted in the incorporation of two protein-coding sequences into the Turmoil-1 transposable element of C. elegans
Noa Sela, Adi Stern, Wojciech Makalowski, Tal Pupko, and Gil Ast
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 41. Published online 2008 October 8. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-41.
PMCID: PMC2572040
Synaptic enrichment of microRNAs in adult mouse forebrain is related to structural features of their precursors
Neil R Smalheiser
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 44. Published online 2008 October 29. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-44.
PMCID: PMC2588566
Unraveling the biochemistry and provenance of pupylation: a prokaryotic analog of ubiquitination
Lakshminarayan M Iyer, AM Burroughs, and L Aravind
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 45. Published online 2008 November 3. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-45.
PMCID: PMC2588565
A DNA topoisomerase IB in Thaumarchaeota testifies for the presence of this enzyme in the last common ancestor of Archaea and Eucarya
Céline Brochier-Armanet, Simonetta Gribaldo, and Patrick Forterre
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 54. Published online 2008 December 23. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-54.
PMCID: PMC2621148
Editorials
Mathematical Biology in Biology Direct
Andrei Yakovlev
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 1. Published online 2008 January 16. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-1.
PMCID: PMC2216004
Dr. Andrei Yakovlev: Visionary, Leader, Iconoclast
Yuriy Gusev, Leonid Hanin, Lev Klebanov, Alex Tsodikov, Nikolay M Yanev, and Alexander Zorin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 10. Published online 2008 March 26. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-10.
PMCID: PMC2287165
Hypothesis
Occurrence of cancer at multiple sites: Towards distinguishing multigenesis from metastasis
Wei-Kang Zhang, Chun Zhang, Jing J Zhang, and Shi V Liu
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 14. Published online 2008 April 11. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-14.
PMCID: PMC2373780
Erwin Schroedinger, Francis Crick and epigenetic stability
Vasily V Ogryzko
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 15. Published online 2008 April 17. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-15.
PMCID: PMC2413215
An extension of the coevolution theory of the origin of the genetic code
Massimo Di Giulio
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 37. Published online 2008 September 5. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-37.
PMCID: PMC2538516
A new model defines the minimal set of polymorphism in HLA-DQ and -DR that determines susceptibility and resistance to autoimmune diabetes
Christian S Parry and Bernard R Brooks
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 42. Published online 2008 October 14. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-42.
PMCID: PMC2590596
Exon definition as a potential negative force against intron losses in evolution
Deng-Ke Niu
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 46. Published online 2008 November 13. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-46.
PMCID: PMC2614967
On the brink between extinction and persistence
Cino Pertoldi, Lars A Bach, and Volker Loeschcke
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 47. Published online 2008 November 19. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-47.
PMCID: PMC2613133
Are we degenerate tetraploids? More genomes, new facts
Amir Ali Abbasi
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 50. Published online 2008 December 10. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-50.
PMCID: PMC2615429
Research
The control of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell survival
Pushpa Pandiyan and Michael J Lenardo
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 6. Published online 2008 February 27. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-6.
PMCID: PMC2270257
Homoplasy in genome-wide analysis of rare amino acid replacements: the molecular-evolutionary basis for Vavilov's law of homologous series
Igor B Rogozin, Karen Thomson, Miklós Csürös, Liran Carmel, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 7. Published online 2008 March 17. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-7.
PMCID: PMC2292158
Evolution of complexity in RNA-like replicator systems
Nobuto Takeuchi and Paulien Hogeweg
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 11. Published online 2008 March 27. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-11.
PMCID: PMC2390529
Evolutionary primacy of sodium bioenergetics
Armen Y Mulkidjanian, Michael Y Galperin, Kira S Makarova, Yuri I Wolf, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 13. Published online 2008 April 1. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-13.
PMCID: PMC2359735
The origin and evolution of the ribosome
Temple F Smith, Jung C Lee, Robin R Gutell, and Hyman Hartman
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 16. Published online 2008 April 22. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-16.
PMCID: PMC2386862
14-3-3 theta binding to cell cycle regulatory factors is enhanced by HIV-1 Vpr
Diane L Bolton, Robert A Barnitz, Keiko Sakai, and Michael J Lenardo
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 17. Published online 2008 April 29. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-17.
PMCID: PMC2390528
The look-ahead effect of phenotypic mutations
Dion J Whitehead, Claus O Wilke, David Vernazobres, and Erich Bornberg-Bauer
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 18. Published online 2008 May 14. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-18.
PMCID: PMC2423361
Splign: algorithms for computing spliced alignments with identification of paralogs
Yuri Kapustin, Alexander Souvorov, Tatiana Tatusova, and David Lipman
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 20. Published online 2008 May 21. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-20.
PMCID: PMC2440734
Classifying transcription factor targets and discovering relevant biological features
Dustin T Holloway, Mark Kon, and Charles DeLisi
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 22. Published online 2008 May 30. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-22.
PMCID: PMC2441612
On the necessity of different statistical treatment for Illumina BeadChip and Affymetrix GeneChip data and its significance for biological interpretation
Wing-Cheong Wong, Marie Loh, and Frank Eisenhaber
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 23. Published online 2008 June 3. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-23.
PMCID: PMC2453111
In silico regulatory analysis for exploring human disease progression
Dustin T Holloway, Mark Kon, and Charles DeLisi
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 24. Published online 2008 June 18. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-24.
PMCID: PMC2464594
Genetic characterization of Hawaiian isolates of Plasmodium relictum reveals mixed-genotype infections
Susan I Jarvi, Margaret EM Farias, and Carter T Atkinson
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 25. Published online 2008 June 25. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-25.
PMCID: PMC2464593
Complete genome sequence of the extremely acidophilic methanotroph isolate V4, Methylacidiphilum infernorum, a representative of the bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia
Shaobin Hou, Kira S Makarova, Jimmy HW Saw, Pavel Senin, Benjamin V Ly, Zhemin Zhou, Yan Ren, Jianmei Wang, Michael Y Galperin, Marina V Omelchenko, Yuri I Wolf, Natalya Yutin, Eugene V Koonin, Matthew B Stott, Bruce W Mountain, Michelle A Crowe, Angela V Smirnova, Peter F Dunfield, Lu Feng, Lei Wang, and Maqsudul Alam
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 26. Published online 2008 July 1. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-26.
PMCID: PMC2474590
Detection of co-eluted peptides using database search methods
Gelio Alves, Aleksey Y Ogurtsov, Siwei Kwok, Wells W Wu, Guanghui Wang, Rong-Fong Shen, and Yi-Kuo Yu
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 27. Published online 2008 July 2. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-27.
PMCID: PMC2483259
A family of GFP-like proteins with different spectral properties in lancelet Branchiostoma floridae
Diana Baumann, Malcolm Cook, Limei Ma, Arcady Mushegian, Erik Sanders, Joel Schwartz, and C Ron Yu
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 28. Published online 2008 July 3. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-28.
PMCID: PMC2467403
The Last Universal Common Ancestor: emergence, constitution and genetic legacy of an elusive forerunner
Nicolas Glansdorff, Ying Xu, and Bernard Labedan
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 29. Published online 2008 July 9. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-29.
PMCID: PMC2478661
Origin of the nucleus and Ran-dependent transport to safeguard ribosome biogenesis in a chimeric cell
Gáspár Jékely
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 31. Published online 2008 July 24. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-31.
PMCID: PMC2503971
Critical role for BIM in T cell receptor restimulation-induced death
Andrew L Snow, João B Oliveira, Lixin Zheng, Janet K Dale, Thomas A Fleisher, and Michael J Lenardo
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 34. Published online 2008 August 20. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-34.
PMCID: PMC2529272
A nitty-gritty aspect of correlation and network inference from gene expression data
Lev B Klebanov and Andrei Yu Yakovlev
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 35. Published online 2008 August 20. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-35.
PMCID: PMC2569917
Same-strand overlapping genes in bacteria: compositional determinants of phase bias
Niv Sabath, Dan Graur, and Giddy Landan
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 36. Published online 2008 August 21. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-36.
PMCID: PMC2542354
CAIcal: A combined set of tools to assess codon usage adaptation
Pere Puigbò, Ignacio G Bravo, and Santiago Garcia-Vallve
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 38. Published online 2008 September 16. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-38.
PMCID: PMC2553769
Comparable contributions of structural-functional constraints and expression level to the rate of protein sequence evolution
Maxim Y Wolf, Yuri I Wolf, and Eugene V Koonin
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 40. Published online 2008 October 7. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-40.
PMCID: PMC2572155
Did RNA editing in plant organellar genomes originate under natural selection or through genetic drift?
Richard W Jobson and Yin-Long Qiu
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 43. Published online 2008 October 21. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-43.
PMCID: PMC2584032
The evolution of domain-content in bacterial genomes
Nacho Molina and Erik van Nimwegen
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 51. Published online 2008 December 11. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-51.
PMCID: PMC2615428
Reviews
Predicting the conformations of peptides and proteins in early evolution. A review article submitted to Biology Direct
E James Milner-White and Michael J Russell
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 3. Published online 2008 January 28. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-3.
PMCID: PMC2241844
Molecular chaperones and selection against mutations
Katarzyna Tomala and Ryszard Korona
Biol Direct. 2008; 3: 5. Published online 2008 February 26. doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-3-5.
PMCID: PMC2267774
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