All |
Employed and enrolled in school |
26 |
28 |
26 |
26 |
27 |
29 |
29 |
29 |
29 |
31 |
30 |
30 |
28 |
26 |
25 |
25 |
25.0 |
25.1 |
23.5 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
16 |
15 |
13 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
12 |
10 |
10 |
9.5 |
10.0 |
9.7 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
47 |
47 |
50 |
52 |
52 |
50 |
49 |
50 |
50 |
49 |
49 |
48 |
50 |
54 |
57 |
58 |
57.8 |
57.4 |
59.0 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
11 |
10 |
11 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
8 |
7.7 |
7.6 |
7.8 |
Male |
Employed and enrolled in school |
26 |
27 |
25 |
26 |
26 |
28 |
28 |
28 |
28 |
29 |
29 |
29 |
26 |
24 |
23 |
22 |
22.8 |
22.9 |
21.4 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
17 |
17 |
15 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
14 |
14 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
11 |
11 |
10.4 |
11.2 |
10.7 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
48 |
48 |
52 |
53 |
53 |
51 |
51 |
51 |
51 |
50 |
49 |
50 |
52 |
55 |
58 |
59 |
59.4 |
58.6 |
60.3 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
9 |
8 |
9 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
7.4 |
7.2 |
7.7 |
Female |
Employed and enrolled in school |
26 |
28 |
28 |
27 |
27 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
33 |
32 |
32 |
30 |
28 |
27 |
27 |
27.3 |
27.4 |
25.8 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
15 |
14 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
12 |
12 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
8.6 |
8.6 |
8.6 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
46 |
46 |
48 |
50 |
50 |
48 |
48 |
48 |
49 |
47 |
48 |
47 |
49 |
52 |
55 |
56 |
56.1 |
56.1 |
57.6 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
13 |
12 |
13 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
8.0 |
7.9 |
8.0 |
White non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
30 |
33 |
32 |
31 |
32 |
35 |
35 |
35 |
35 |
36 |
36 |
36 |
34 |
31 |
30 |
30 |
30.5 |
30.5 |
28.6 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
17 |
16 |
14 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
11 |
10 |
10 |
9.2 |
9.6 |
9.5 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
44 |
44 |
46 |
48 |
48 |
45 |
45 |
45 |
46 |
45 |
45 |
45 |
47 |
51 |
53 |
54 |
54.4 |
53.9 |
55.6 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
9 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
7 |
6 |
6 |
5.9 |
5.9 |
6.3 |
Black non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
12 |
15 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
16 |
16 |
15 |
16 |
19 |
17 |
19 |
16 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
12.7 |
15.2 |
13.0 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
10 |
10 |
9 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
8 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
9 |
7 |
7 |
7.8 |
7.5 |
7.3 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
60 |
60 |
62 |
63 |
65 |
63 |
61 |
61 |
61 |
59 |
60 |
59 |
60 |
62 |
67 |
70 |
68.0 |
66.6 |
69.1 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
18 |
15 |
17 |
17 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
14 |
12 |
10 |
11.5 |
10.7 |
10.5 |
Hispanic originc |
Employed and enrolled in school |
15 |
17 |
16 |
17 |
16 |
17 |
16 |
17 |
17 |
18 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
17 |
15 |
16 |
17.0 |
16.7 |
16.6 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
17 |
20 |
18 |
15 |
16 |
15 |
16 |
15 |
16 |
18 |
18 |
20 |
19 |
18 |
14 |
14 |
13.4 |
14.8 |
13.6 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
51 |
46 |
50 |
52 |
52 |
52 |
52 |
52 |
53 |
50 |
49 |
49 |
48 |
52 |
58 |
58 |
58.0 |
57.6 |
58.5 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
17 |
17 |
16 |
17 |
16 |
16 |
16 |
16 |
14 |
14 |
14 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
12 |
12 |
11.5 |
10.9 |
11.3 |
Ages 16–17 |
1985 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994b |
1995b |
1996b |
1997b |
1998b |
1999b |
2000b |
2001b |
2002b |
2003b |
2004b |
2005b |
2006b |
2007b |
All |
Employed and enrolled in school |
29 |
29 |
27 |
26 |
27 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
29 |
31 |
31 |
31 |
28 |
25 |
24 |
23 |
22.6 |
23.2 |
21.4 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1.7 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
63 |
63 |
66 |
68 |
67 |
64 |
64 |
64 |
64 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
65 |
69 |
71 |
72 |
72.4 |
71.5 |
73.2 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
Male |
Employed and enrolled in school |
28 |
29 |
26 |
26 |
26 |
29 |
29 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
30 |
29 |
27 |
22 |
22 |
21 |
20.3 |
21.2 |
19.7 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
4 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1.9 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
64 |
63 |
67 |
69 |
68 |
64 |
65 |
65 |
65 |
64 |
64 |
65 |
67 |
71 |
73 |
75 |
74.7 |
73.2 |
74.8 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
5 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
3.2 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
Female |
Employed and enrolled in school |
29 |
30 |
28 |
27 |
27 |
31 |
31 |
31 |
30 |
32 |
31 |
32 |
30 |
27 |
26 |
24 |
25.1 |
25.2 |
23.2 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
63 |
62 |
64 |
66 |
66 |
63 |
62 |
62 |
64 |
62 |
62 |
61 |
64 |
68 |
69 |
70 |
70.0 |
69.7 |
71.5 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
6 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
White non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
34 |
36 |
34 |
32 |
33 |
37 |
37 |
37 |
36 |
38 |
37 |
37 |
34 |
30 |
29 |
28 |
28.5 |
28.8 |
27.1 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
58 |
58 |
61 |
63 |
62 |
58 |
58 |
58 |
58 |
57 |
58 |
57 |
61 |
65 |
66 |
67 |
67.4 |
67.1 |
68.4 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
5 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.9 |
Black non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
12 |
15 |
12 |
11 |
13 |
16 |
16 |
16 |
15 |
17 |
17 |
19 |
16 |
13 |
13 |
11 |
10.2 |
13.1 |
11.0 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
81 |
78 |
80 |
82 |
81 |
78 |
77 |
77 |
77 |
77 |
77 |
75 |
77 |
81 |
82 |
85 |
84.4 |
81.0 |
83.4 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
6 |
6 |
7 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4.3 |
4.4 |
4.0 |
Hispanic originc |
Employed and enrolled in school |
15 |
17 |
14 |
15 |
13 |
15 |
14 |
15 |
15 |
17 |
17 |
18 |
17 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
13.7 |
14.7 |
13.3 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
5 |
7 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
3 |
3 |
2.9 |
3.7 |
3.5 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
70 |
67 |
72 |
73 |
73 |
71 |
72 |
73 |
73 |
72 |
70 |
70 |
70 |
75 |
78 |
80 |
78.3 |
75.9 |
77.7 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
10 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
9 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
5.1 |
5.8 |
5.5 |
Ages 18–19 |
1985 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994b |
1995b |
1996b |
1997b |
1998b |
1999b |
2000b |
2001b |
2002b |
2003b |
2004b |
2005b |
2006b |
2007b |
All |
Employed and enrolled in school |
23 |
26 |
25 |
26 |
26 |
28 |
28 |
28 |
28 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
28 |
28 |
27 |
27 |
27.8 |
27.5 |
26.1 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
29 |
26 |
24 |
23 |
23 |
22 |
23 |
22 |
23 |
23 |
24 |
24 |
23 |
21 |
20 |
19 |
18.7 |
19.7 |
18.9 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
31 |
33 |
35 |
36 |
36 |
35 |
34 |
35 |
35 |
34 |
34 |
34 |
35 |
37 |
40 |
41 |
40.6 |
40.2 |
42.0 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
17 |
15 |
16 |
16 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
14 |
13 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.9 |
Male |
Employed and enrolled in school |
23 |
25 |
24 |
25 |
25 |
27 |
27 |
28 |
27 |
27 |
28 |
28 |
26 |
25 |
24 |
24 |
25.9 |
25.0 |
23.4 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
31 |
29 |
27 |
25 |
25 |
24 |
26 |
25 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
27 |
25 |
24 |
22 |
22 |
20.5 |
22.2 |
20.7 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
33 |
34 |
36 |
37 |
38 |
37 |
35 |
35 |
36 |
36 |
34 |
34 |
37 |
38 |
41 |
41 |
40.6 |
40.2 |
43.3 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
13 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
12 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
12 |
12.9 |
12.7 |
12.6 |
Female |
Employed and enrolled in school |
23 |
26 |
27 |
27 |
27 |
29 |
30 |
29 |
30 |
33 |
32 |
31 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
29.8 |
30.0 |
28.9 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
27 |
24 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
21 |
19 |
18 |
16 |
16.8 |
17.0 |
17.0 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
30 |
32 |
33 |
35 |
35 |
34 |
33 |
34 |
34 |
33 |
33 |
34 |
34 |
37 |
39 |
40 |
40.1 |
39.4 |
40.8 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
20 |
18 |
19 |
19 |
17 |
17 |
17 |
17 |
15 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
15 |
15 |
14 |
13 |
13.3 |
13.6 |
13.4 |
White non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
26 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
31 |
33 |
33 |
34 |
33 |
35 |
36 |
35 |
33 |
33 |
32 |
32 |
33.0 |
32.7 |
30.4 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
31 |
28 |
25 |
24 |
25 |
24 |
25 |
23 |
25 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
21 |
20 |
19 |
18.2 |
19.2 |
18.9 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
29 |
31 |
32 |
34 |
34 |
32 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
32 |
31 |
32 |
34 |
36 |
38 |
39 |
39.0 |
38.0 |
40.5 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
14 |
12 |
13 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
11 |
10 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
10 |
10 |
9.9 |
10.1 |
10.3 |
Black non-Hispanic |
Employed and enrolled in school |
12 |
15 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
16 |
17 |
15 |
16 |
21 |
18 |
18 |
16 |
16 |
16 |
17 |
15.7 |
17.9 |
15.7 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
19 |
19 |
16 |
15 |
14 |
14 |
16 |
18 |
17 |
17 |
19 |
20 |
17 |
17 |
14 |
15 |
15.8 |
14.9 |
14.9 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
39 |
43 |
44 |
43 |
47 |
45 |
44 |
42 |
44 |
41 |
43 |
42 |
44 |
43 |
48 |
50 |
48.3 |
48.8 |
50.4 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
30 |
23 |
27 |
28 |
25 |
25 |
24 |
25 |
23 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
24 |
23 |
18 |
20.2 |
18.5 |
19.1 |
Hispanic originc |
Employed and enrolled in school |
15 |
16 |
18 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
18 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
19 |
20 |
22 |
19 |
17 |
20 |
20.7 |
19.2 |
20.2 |
Employed and not enrolled in school |
30 |
32 |
29 |
26 |
27 |
25 |
26 |
26 |
27 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
30 |
30 |
27 |
26 |
25.2 |
28.3 |
24.9 |
Not employed and enrolled in school |
32 |
28 |
30 |
32 |
32 |
33 |
33 |
31 |
33 |
31 |
30 |
30 |
29 |
32 |
37 |
36 |
35.3 |
35.5 |
36.9 |
Not employed and not enrolled in school |
24 |
24 |
23 |
24 |
23 |
24 |
23 |
23 |
20 |
19 |
20 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
20 |
19 |
18.7 |
17.1 |
17.9 |
a Includes enrollment in high school and college. |
b Data for 1994 and subsequent years are not strictly comparable with data for prior years, because of major revisions in the Current Population Survey questionnaire and data collection methodology, and because of the inclusion of 1990 Census-based population controls in the estimation process. |
c For data before 2003, the 1977 OMB Standards for Data on Race and Ethnicity were used to classify persons into one of the following four racial groups: White, Black, or Asian or Pacific Islander. The revised 1997 OMB standards were used for data for 2003 to 2006. Persons could select one or more of five racial groups: White, American Indian or Alaska Native, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Included in thetotal, but not shown separately are American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Two or more races. From 2003 onward, people who responded to the question on race indicated only one race unless otherwise specified. Data from 2003 onward are not directly comparable with data from earlier years. Data on race and Hispanic origin are collected separately. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. |
NOTE: School refers to high school and college. The information relates to the labor force and enrollment status of persons 16-19 years old in the civilian noninstitutionalized population during an "average" week of the school year. The percentages represent an average based on responses to the survey questions for the months that youth are usually in school
(January through May and September through December). Results are based on uncomposited estimates and are not comparable to data from published tables. |
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey. |