• Primary outcome will be measurement of the extent and severity of adhesions at the time of subsequent cesarean delivery. [ Time Frame: 3 to 5 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• Secondary outcomes will include measures of safety, operative times (ex., incision-delivery; total operative time), patient perception of pelvic pain, and a cost-effectiveness analysis. [ Time Frame: 1 to 5 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  

Patients presenting to Labor and Delivery for delivery will be screened for eligibility. If a patient meets the inclusion and exclusion criteria, she will be offered enrollment in the study. After the project and informed consent are reviewed with the patient and all questions are answered, she will be asked to sign the informed consent. At this point, she will be considered a candidate for randomization.

If the patient subsequently undergoes a cesarean delivery, she will be randomized to either:

1. Group A - Placement of Seprafilm® prior to abdominal closure
2. Group B - Routine closure without placement of Seprafilm® The chances of being assigned to either group will be equal (i.e., 1:1 randomization). The patient will be blinded with regard to Seprafilm placement.

The Investigators will collect additional data about the patient, her antepartum course, intra-operative events, and post-operative course. There are no additional tests or procedures ordered or performed during the hospital stay as part of this protocol. Enrollment in this study is not expected to alter the patient's length of stay.

The antepartum, operative, and post-operative care of the patient will as directed by the patient's physician and participating institutions's standard policies and procedures. This study in no way changes or directs the care the patient would receive, except with regard to the placement of Seprafilm® Adhesion Barrier.

A short-term telephone follow-up will be conducted approximately 6-8 weeks following randomization to assess for immediate post-operative complications and to assess blinding effectiveness. Patients will then be contacted by mail survey periodically (approximately every six months) to assess their pregnancy/fertility status, pregnancy plans, and complete a brief survey on pelvic pain.

If a patient becomes pregnant again and undergoes a repeat cesarean delivery at a participating institution, the location and severity of adhesions (if any) would be assessed at the time of repeat cesarean delivery. The Investigators will extract additional data from the chart including operative times, blood loss, and complications. An evaluation of adhesions would conclude the patient's participation in the study.