| Activities | According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI), "an immunologist is a research scientist who investigates the immune system of vertebrates (including the human immune system). Immunologists include research scientists (Ph.D.) who work in laboratories. Immunologists also include physicians (M.D.) who, for example, treat patients with immune system disorders. Some immunologists are physician-scientists who combine laboratory research with patient care." |
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| Outlook | Faster-than-average-job growth |
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| Median Income | According to the AAAAI, in 2004-2005, Ph.D. immunologists on the basic science faculties of universities and medical schools earned a median income of $74,000 - $132,000, depending on academic rank, with at least one quarter of that income coming from research grants awarded to the immunologist. |
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| Work Context & Conditions | Many immunologists are involved in research work and/or manage research laboratories According to Occupational Outlook Handbook, "many physicians work in small private offices or clinics, private offices or clinics," |
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| Minimum Education Requirements | M.D.
Ph.D.
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| Skills | Learning Strategies, Monitoring, Critical Thinking, Instructing, Active Listening, Writing, Time Management, Active Learning, Complex Problem Solving, Judgment and Decision Making, Coordination, Reading Comprehension, Speaking, Science |
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| Abilities | Oral Expression, Deductive Reasoning, Problem Sensitivity |
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