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Your search term(s) "diabetes mellitus and diagnosis" returned 236 results.

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Gastrointestinal Syndromes Due to Diabetes Mellitus. IN: Veves, A.; Malik, R.A., eds. Diabetic Neuropathy: Clinical Management. 2nd ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2007. pp 433-452.

This chapter on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms due to diabetes mellitus is from a comprehensive textbook that provides general practitioners details on the latest techniques for the clinical management of diabetic neuropathy. The author cautions that disturbances may manifest as symptoms and metabolic changes that can, in turn, impinge in the management of the patient with diabetes. Diet therapy is an important component of diabetes management for all people with diabetes. The author describes the pathophysiology, clinical findings, and management options for dealing with the main clinical syndromes associated with disturbances of GI physiology in people with diabetes. These disturbances include esophageal dysfunction, gastroparesis, diarrhea, constipation, fecal incontinence, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The author provides advice about indications and interpretations of various diagnostic tests used to confirm these conditions. Treatment strategies are outlined and reviewed. 4 figures. 3 tables. 95 references.

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Genitourinary Complications. IN: Veves, A.; Malik, R.A., eds. Diabetic Neuropathy: Clinical Management. 2nd ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. 2007. pp 453-472.

This chapter on genitourinary complications is from a textbook on diabetic neuropathy. The authors note that disturbances in bladder emptying or storage are often asymptomatic to the patient, particularly in the beginning of this diabetes complication. However, sexual dysfunctions are readily perceived by the patient. Topics covered include the physiology of micturition, the pathophysiology and clinical symptomatology of the diabetic bladder, a diagnostic approach and treatment options for micturition disturbances, the epidemiology of erectile dysfunction (ED), the physiology and pathophysiology of erection, treatment strategies for ED, other sexual problems in men with diabetes, and female sexual dysfunction. The authors stress that impairment of bladder storage and emptying as well as sexual dysfunction may have severe organic and psychosocial consequences, so their existence should be systematically screened for in the routine diabetes clinic. 3 figures. 3 tables. 74 references.

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Gestational Diabetes And the Importance of Postpartum Management. Today’s Dietitian. 9(11): 14-20. November 2007.

This article helps dietitians work with clients who have had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during their pregnancies. The author reminds readers that GDM places women at risk for developing postpartum type 2 diabetes. The author reviews the risk factors for developing GDM, screening and diagnosis during pregnancy, clinical outcomes of GDM, the risk prediction for developing type 2 diabetes subsequent to GDM, postpartum blood glucose testing, postpartum weight management, lifestyle intervention, and strategies to prevent type 2 diabetes in women who have had GDM. Tables summarize the nutrition recommendations for GDM and metabolic assessments recommended after GDM. Forms are provided for an eating behavior diary and a framework for outlining behavioral goals for health improvement. The author concludes that postpartum educational interventions offering continued support for healthy eating, regular physical activity, weight reduction, and breastfeeding are of high importance after delivery for all mothers who had GDM . 1 figure. 4 tables.

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Hypoglycemic Disorders. IN: Gardner, D.; Shoback, D., eds. Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology. 8th ed. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill. 2007 . pp 748-769.

This chapter on hypoglycemic disorders is from a textbook on endocrinology that describes the scientific principles and clinical management of patients with endocrine-related diseases and disorders. The authors note that, under the usual metabolic conditions, the central nervous system is completely dependent on plasma glucose and counteracts declining blood glucose concentrations with a carefully programmed response. Topics discussed include the pathophysiology of the counterregulatory response to neuroglycopenia; the maintenance of euglycemia in the postabsorptive state, that is, longer than 4 to 6 hours after a meal; the role of the kidney; the classification of hypoglycemic disorders into symptomatic and asymptomatic hypoglycemia; the clinical presentation of hypoglycemia; the documentation of low plasma glucose values; the reversibility of symptoms with treatment; specific hypoglycemia conditions, including insulin reaction, sulfonylurea overdose, surreptitious insulin or sulfonylurea administration, autoimmune hypoglycemia, pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia, and pancreatic beta cell tumors; symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia that presents without hyperinsulinism, including that due to ethanol and to nonpancreatic tumors; nonfasting hypoglycemia, also called reactive hypoglycemia, including postgastrectomy alimentary hypoglycemia, postgastric bypass hypoglycemia, functional alimentary hypoglycemia, pancreatic islet hyperplasia in adults, and late hypoglycemia, also called occult diabetes; and congenital hyperinsulinism. 3 figures. 5 tables. 43 references.

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Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Implications for Care. Diabetes Care. 30(3): 753-759. March 2007.

The availability of interventions that have been shown to decrease the development of diabetes has stimulated consideration as to whether such interventions should be recommended and implemented, in whom, and under what circumstances. To address these issues, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) convened a consensus development conference in October 2006, focusing on the prediabetes states of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This article reports on the answers to some of the questions that the consensus development conference addressed. Topics include definitions of IFG and IGT and their natural history; the pathogenesis of these conditions; how to alter the natural history of IFG and IGT; interventions that prevent the progression from IFG/IGT to diabetes and whether these interventions can also prevent the worsening of diabetes-related risk factors, including those connected to cardiovascular disease; the data that supports interventions undertaken to prevent or delay diabetes in people who have IFG/IGT; and patient selection for screening, methods for screening, and strategies to delay the adverse consequences of IFG/IGT. 1 figure. 2 tables. 59 references.

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Integrating Depression Care with Diabetes Care in Real-World Settings: Lessons from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Diabetes Initiative. Diabetes Spectrum. 20(1): 10-16. Winter 2007.

This article describes the implementation of models of patient care geared toward treating patients with diabetes who also have depression. The authors note that depression is a common comorbidity in patients with diabetes and these conditions together pose challenges for health care providers, patients, and health care systems. The authors focus on models of care that are designed to treat patients with both illnesses in a coordinated manner in primary care and community settings serving disadvantaged and ethnic minority populations. Nine of these community sites used the PHQ-9, a short version of the Patient Health Questionnaire, as a screening tool for depression for all patients with diabetes who were enrolled in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Diabetes Initiative. The authors then report aggregate screening data found across the nine sites, describe models of treatment developed by the projects, and highlight key themes that emerged from this initiative. The results of this data collection showed that the proportion of patients with diabetes who had moderate to severe depression ranged from 30 to 70 percent. Treatment strategies that emerged included enhancements of primary care, integrated mental health services, group therapy, and approaches emphasizing cultural traditions and mind-body focus. 1 table. 29 references.

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Introduction to Diabetes. IN: Unger, J. Diabetes Management in Primary Care. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2007. p. 1-42.

Although they receive an average of only 4 hours of professional training on diabetes, primary care physicians manage 90 percent of the patients with diabetes in the United States. This introductory chapter is from a textbook that offers primary care physicians evidence-based guidelines for evaluating and treating all patients with diabetes. The author addresses all aspects of outpatient and hospital-based diabetes care for various age groups and focuses on behavioral interventions for enhanced patient adherence. In this chapter, the author reviews the rationale and importance of primary care intervention for people with diabetes and pre-diabetes, also called metabolic syndrome. The author notes that most patients with diabetes require pharmacologic regimens that are well-established, widely used, and safe, allowing primary care physicians to provide care for many of their own patients and refer more complex cases to specialists. Patients with chronic, poorly controlled hyperglycemia may have multiple complications that require the coordination and management skills of their health care provider. The author concludes the expertise in behavioral change and disease self-management is central to the successful care of any chronic disease, especially diabetes. 4 figures. 6 tables. 25 references.

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Introduction. IN: Scobie, I.N. Atlas of Diabetes Mellitus. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA. 2007. pp 1-9.

This brief introductory chapter is from an atlas of diabetes mellitus that offers text and pictures to familiarize clinicians with the most current information about diabetes and its diagnosis and treatment. The volume portrays the wide and varied expressions of diabetes and its complications as an aid to their more ready recognition in clinical practice. This chapter presents a definition of diabetes and discusses the diagnostic criteria for the disease, the classification of diabetes, and the epidemiology of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The chapter includes black-and-white photographs and colorful charts and figures. 7 figures. 9 references.

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Little Diabetes Book You Need to Read. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press Book Publishers. 2007. 256 p.

This diabetes handbook focuses exclusively on the person with diabetes, rather than on the disease itself. The authors emphasize the need for patients to understand and accept an active role in the design and implementation of their care by learning about diabetes and themselves. The authors describe a simple, four-step approach patients can use to optimize their diabetes self-care. The four steps are: learn all you can about diabetes and yourself; identify three guiding principles of role, flexibility, and targets; formulate a self-management plan; and experiment with and evaluate the plan. The first section of the book, Learning, has three chapters: the fundamentals of diabetes as a disease; how to select and work with the right health care professionals; and how to understand one's own wants, needs, and capabilities as they relate to diabetes management. The second section, Doing, also has three chapters: how to build a self-care plan, how to determine which principles and strategies will best fit into that plan, and how to incorporate this plan into every day life. The last section, What Now?, offers tips about how to stay motivated and briefly summarizes the latest research efforts in the field of diabetes. The book is written in nontechnical language and presented in large-print type.

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Living With Diabetes. IN: Scobie, I.N. Atlas of Diabetes Mellitus. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare USA. 2007. pp 115-116.

This brief chapter about living with diabetes is from an atlas of diabetes mellitus that offers text and pictures to familiarize clinicians with the most current information about diabetes and its diagnosis and treatment. The volume portrays the wide and varied expressions of diabetes and its complications as an aid to their more ready recognition in clinical practice. This chapter considers how diabetes mellitus, like any chronic medical condition, has an impact on quality of life. The author discusses some of the psychological adjustments required after diagnosis, the problem with depression in people with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, concerns about driving an automobile after a diagnosis of diabetes, problems with employment associated with the disease, and health insurance concerns. 1 reference.

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