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Characteristics of Breast Cancer Screening Programs in 19 ICSN Countries Responding to a Survey in 2002

Region/Country Program Type Year Program Began Detection Methods1 Age Groups Covered by Mammography Screening Interval - Years
Age 40-49 Age 50+
Europe
Denmark State/provincial/regional 1991 MM 50-69 NA2 2
France National, with regional implementation 1989 MM; CBE 50-74 NA 2
Iceland National 1987 MM; CBE 40-69 2 2
Italy National, with regional implementation 2000 MM 50-69 NA 2
Luxembourg National 1992 MM 50-69 NA 2
Netherlands National 1989 MM 50-74 NA 2
Norway National 1996 MM 50-69 NA 2
Portugal State/provincial/regional 1990 MM; CBE; BSE 45-64 2 2
Spain State/provincial/regiona 1990 MM 45-69 2 2
Sweden State/provincial/regional 1986 MM 40-743 1.7 2
Switzerland State/provincial/regional 1999 MM 50-69 NA 2
United Kingdom National 1988 MM 50-64 NA 3
North America
Canada National, with provincial implementation 1988 MM; CBE4 50-69 NA 2
United States Mammography registry system 1995 MM; CBE 40+ 1-2 1-2
South America
Uruguay National 1990 MM; CBE; BSE 40-64 1 1
Middle East
Israel National 1997 MM 50-74 NA 2
Asia/Pacific
Australia National, with state implementation 1991 MM 50-69 NA 2
Japan National 2002 MM; CBE 50-69 NA 2
New Zealand National 1998 MM 50-64 NA 2

1 Mammography (MM), Clinical Breast Examination (CBE), Breast Self-examination (BSE).
2 NA = Not Applicable.
3 In half of the counties, the lower age limit is 40 years. In the other half, it is 50 years.
4 In 5 of 12 programs.

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