| Agent Name |
Dinitrophenol |
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| CAS Number |
25550-58-7 |
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| Formula |
C6-H4-N2-O5 |
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| Major Category |
Pesticides |
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| Synonyms |
Dinitrophenol (mixed isomers); Dinitrophenol mixture; Dinitrol (mixed isomers); Dinitrophenol, solution; [ChemFinder] |
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| Category |
Herbicides, Nitroaromatic |
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| Description |
Yellow crystals |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used in the manufacturing of dyes, wood preservatives, and insecticides; used as "a reagent for the detection of potassium and ammonium ions"; [HSDB] Nitrophenolic and nitrocresolic herbicides are used in some parts of the world as acaricides, nematocides, ovicides, and fungicides. "Only dinocap continues to have active registrations in the United States." [EPA Pesticides, p. 104] |
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| Comments |
May cause skin burns; [HSDB] The pathophysiology, like that of pentachlorophenol, involves the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Yellow stains appear on the skin after dermal contact with the nitroaromatic herbicides. Fatal poisoning can occur after dermal absorption. Cataracts have been reported in animal experiments and after occupational exposure. In severe poisoning, these herbicides can cause injury to the liver and kidneys. [EPA Pesticides, p. 104-5] Secondary acute renal failure after dinitrophenol and dinitro-o-cresol poisoning has been reported. [LaDou, p. 366] There is a case report of dinitrophenol causing cholestatic jaundice. [Zimmerman, p. 351] Listed in table of "Methemoglobinemia-inducing agents: industrial, environmental, and pharmaceutical"; [Sullivan, p. 729] Solid form can cause first degree burns after short skin exposure; [CHRIS] |
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| Restricted |
Emergency suspension & cancellation of registration as herbicide in 1986. |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Not evaluated |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR ToxFAQs - Dinitrophenol |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Methemoglobinemia |
Methemoglobinemia, Secondary |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
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| Nephrotoxin |
Yes |
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| Other Poison |
Uncoupler |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: DINITROPHENOL
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