| Agent Name |
Ethylene chlorohydrin |
|---|
| Alternative Name |
2-Chloroethanol |
|---|
| CAS Number |
107-07-3 |
|---|
| Formula |
C2-H5-Cl-O |
|---|
| Major Category |
Toxic Gases & Vapors |
|---|
| Synonyms |
2-Chloorethanol [Dutch]; 2-Chloraethanol [German]; 2-Chlorethanol [German]; 2-Chloro-1-ethanol; 2-Chloro-1-hydroxyethane; 2-Chloroethanol; 2-Chloroethyl alcohol; 2-Cloroetanolo [Italian]; 2-Hydroxyethyl chloride; 2-Monochloroethanol; Aethylenechlorhydrin [German]; Chloroethylowy alkohol [Polish]; Ethanol, 2-chloro-; Ethene, chlorohydrin; Ethylchlorohydrin; Ethyleen-chloorhydrine [Dutch]; Ethylene chlorhydrin; Ethylene chlorohydrin; Ethylene glycol, chlorohydrin; Glicol monocloridrina [Italian]; Glycol chlorohydrin; Glycol monochlorohydrin; Glycolmonochloorhydrine [Dutch]; Glycomonochlorhydrin; Monochlorhydrine du glycol [French]; beta-Chloroethyl alcohol; beta-Hydroxyethyl chloride; delta-Chloroethanol; delta-Chloroethanolchloroethylowy alkohol [Polish]; [ChemIDplus] UN1135 |
|---|
| Category |
Other Toxic Gases & Vapors |
|---|
| Description |
Colorless liquid with a faint, ether-like odor; [NIOSH] |
|---|
| Sources/Uses |
Used as a solvent and chemical intermediate; it is formed during the sterilization of supplies with ethylene oxide; [ACGIH] Used as a solvent for cellulose ethers, machine cleaning, and spot removing; [HSDB] |
|---|
| Comments |
In acute animal experiments, ethylene chlorohydrin is a potent central nervous system depressant. Autopsy of a worker who died from ethylene chlorohydrin poisoning showed severe damage to the brain, liver, and other organs. [ACGIH] Absorbed through the skin and severely irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract; Causes heart, liver, and kidney damage and respiratory failure; [ICSC] Ethylene chlorohydrin is more toxic to the kidneys than other halogenated hydrocarbons. It readily penetrates through rubber gloves and the skin. [LaDou, p. 365] |
|---|
| Restricted |
No currently registered in the U.S. for use as a pesticide; [HSDB] |
|---|
| Exposure Assessment |
|---|
| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Yes |
|---|
| TIH |
Yes |
|---|
| Ceiling (ACGIH) |
1 ppm |
|---|
| PEL (OSHA) |
5 ppm |
|---|
| MAK |
1 ppm |
|---|
| IDLH (NIOSH) |
7 ppm |
|---|
| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Other animal data: Rats exposed for 15 minutes a day at concentrations of 900 to 1,000 ppm died within a few days [Goldblatt and Chiesman 1944]. Repeated 1�hour exposures (not defined) to 2 ppm can be fatal to rats [Ambrose 1950].
Human data: Death has resulted from a 2�hour exposure at an estimated concentration of 300 ppm [Dierker and Brown 1944]. |
|---|
| Vapor Pressure |
7.18 mm Hg |
|---|
| Odor Threshold Low |
0.4 ppm |
|---|
| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 290mg/m3 |
|---|
| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from CHEMINFO; Flash point = 40 deg C; |
|---|
| Flammability (NFPA) |
2: high ambient temperature required |
|---|
| Adverse Effects |
|---|
| Neurotoxin |
CNS Solvent Syndrome |
|---|
| Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
|---|
| Nephrotoxin |
Yes |
|---|
| Links to Other NLM Databases |
|---|
| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: 2-CHLOROETHANOL
|
|---|
