| Agent Name |
Parathion |
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| CAS Number |
56-38-2 |
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| Formula |
C10-H14-N-O5-P-S |
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| Major Category |
Pesticides |
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| Synonyms |
O,O-Diethyl-O-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate; Diethyl parathion; Ethylparathion; Parathion-ethyl; AC 3422; Alkron; Alleron; Aphamite; Corothion; E-605; Etilon; Fosferno 50; Niran;Orthophos; Panthion; Paramar; Paraphos; Parathene; Parawet; Phoskil; Rhodiatox; Soprathion; Stathion; Thiophos; |
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| Category |
Organophosphates |
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| Description |
Pale-yellow to dark-brown liquid with a garlic-like odor. [Note: A solid below 43 degrees F.] [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
In the U.S. parathion may be used only by licensed applicators on alfalfa, barley, corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, sunflowers, and wheat. [EXTOXNET] |
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| Comments |
Classified as "highly toxic," parathion has an LD50 in rats of 2 to 30 mg/kg; [EXTOXNET] A small number of the organophosphates (OPs) can Induce Delayed Neuropathy (OPIDN). OPIDN usually occurs after ingestion and is usually nonoccupational. [Levy, p. 572] "Toxic inhalation of parathion vapor is unlikely at ordinary temperatures because of its low volatility, but toxic effects can occur after inhalation of parathion sprays or dusts." [ATSDR Medical Management] |
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| Restricted |
Use on fruit, nut and vegetable crops cancelled by EPA in 1992; [EXTOXNET] |
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| Reference Link |
EXTOXNET PIP - PARATHION |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| BEI |
Total p-nitrophenol in urine = 0.5 mg/g creatinine; sample at end of shift; Cholinesterase activity in red cells = 70% of individual's baseline, sample time discretionary; [ACGIH] |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Yes |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
0.05 mg/m3, inhalable fraction and vapor |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
0.1 mg/m3 |
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| MAK |
0.1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
10 mg/m3 |
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| Vapor Pressure |
4 x 10 -05 mm Hg |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR Medical Management - Parathion |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Neurotoxin |
Motor Neuropathy |
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| Other Poison |
Organophosphate |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Not Classifiable |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: PARATHION
|
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