[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 26, Volume 5] [Revised as of April 1, 2002] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 26CFR1.411(d)-6] [Page 582-587] TITLE 26--INTERNAL REVENUE CHAPTER I--INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) DEFERRED COMPENSATION, ETC.--Table of Contents Sec. 1.411(d)-6 Section 204(h) notice. Q-1: What are the requirements of section 204(h) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA) (29 U.S.C 1054(h))? A-1: (a) Requirements of section 204(h). Section 204(h) of ERISA (``section 204(h)'') generally requires written notice of an amendment to certain plans that provides for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual. Section 204(h) generally requires the notice to be provided to plan participants, alternate payees, and employee organizations. The plan administrator must provide the notice after adoption of the plan amendment and not less than 15 days before the effective date of the plan amendment. (b) Other notice requirements. Other provisions of law may require that certain parties be notified of a plan amendment. See, for example, sections 102 and 104 of ERISA, and the regulations thereunder, for requirements relating to summary plan descriptions and summaries of material modifications. Q-2: To which plans does section 204(h) apply? A-2: Section 204(h) applies to defined benefit plans that are subject to part 2 of subtitle B of title I of ERISA and to individual account plans that are subject to both such part 2 and the funding standards of section 302 of ERISA. Accordingly, individual account plans that are not subject to the funding standards of section 302, such as profit-sharing and stock bonus plans, are not subject to section 204(h). Q-3: What is ``section 204(h) notice''? A-3: ``Section 204(h) notice'' is notice that complies with section 204(h) and the rules in this section. Q-4: For which amendments is section 204(h) notice required? A-4: (a) In general. Section 204(h) notice is required for an amendment to a plan described in Q&A-2 of this section that provides for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual. (b) Delegation of authority to Commissioner. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue may provide through publication in the Internal Revenue Bulletin of revenue rulings, notices, or other documents (see Sec. 601.601(d)(2) of this chapter) that section 204(h) notice need not be provided for plan amendments otherwise described in paragraph (a) of this Q&A-4 that the Commissioner determines to be necessary or appropriate, as a result of changes in the law, to maintain compliance with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Code) (including requirements for tax qualification), ERISA, or other applicable federal law. Q-5: What is an amendment that affects the rate of future benefit accrual for purposes of section 204(h)? A-5: (a) In general--(1) Defined benefit plans. For purposes of section 204(h), an amendment to a defined benefit plan affects the rate of future benefit accrual only if it is reasonably expected to change the amount of the future annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age. For this purpose, the annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age is the benefit payable in the form in which the terms of the plan express the accrued benefit (or, in the case of a plan in which the accrued benefit is not expressed in the form of an annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age, the benefit payable in the form of a single life annuity commencing at normal retirement age that is the actuarial equivalent of the accrued benefit expressed under the terms of the plan, as determined in accordance with the principles of section 411(c)(3) of the Code). (2) Individual account plans. For purposes of section 204(h), an amendment to an individual account plan affects the rate of future benefit accrual only if it is reasonably expected to change the amounts allocated in the future to participants' accounts. Changes in the investments or investment options under an individual account plan are not taken into account for this purpose. (b) Determination of rate of future benefit accrual. In accordance with paragraph (a) of this Q&A-5, the rate of future benefit accrual is determined without regard to optional forms of benefit (other than the annual benefit described in paragraph (a) of this Q&A-5), early retirement benefits, or retirement-type subsidies, within the meaning of such terms as used in section [[Page 583]] 411(d)(6) of the Code (section 204(g) of ERISA). The rate of future benefit accrual is also determined without regard to ancillary benefits and other rights or features as defined in Sec. 1.401(a)(4)-4(e). (c) Examples. These examples illustrate the rules in this Q&A-5: Example 1. A plan is amended with respect to future benefit accruals to eliminate a right to commencement of a benefit prior to normal retirement age. Because the amendment does not change the annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age, it does not reduce the rate of future benefit accrual for purposes of section 204(h). Example 2. A plan is amended to modify the actuarial factors used in converting an annuity form of distribution to a single sum form of distribution. The use of these modified assumptions results in a lower single sum. Because the amendment does not affect the annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age, it does not change the rate of future benefit accrual for purposes of section 204(h). Q-6: What plan provisions are taken into account in determining whether there has been a reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual? A-6: (a) Plan provisions taken into account. All plan provisions that may affect the rate of future benefit accrual of participants or alternate payees must be taken into account in determining whether an amendment provides for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual. Such provisions include, for example, the dollar amount or percentage of compensation on which benefit accruals are based; in the case of a plan using permitted disparity under section 401(l) of the Code, the amount of disparity between the excess benefit percentage or excess contribution percentage and the base benefit percentage or base contribution percentage (all as defined in section 401(l)); the definition of service or compensation taken into account in determining an employee's benefit accrual; the method of determining average compensation for calculating benefit accruals; the definition of normal retirement age in a defined benefit plan; the exclusion of current participants from future participation; benefit offset provisions; minimum benefit provisions; the formula for determining the amount of contributions and forfeitures allocated to participants' accounts in an individual account plan; and the actuarial assumptions used to determine contributions under a target benefit plan (as defined in Sec. 1.401(a)(4)-8(b)(3)(i)). (b) Plan provisions not taken into account. Plan provisions that do not affect the rate of future benefit accrual of participants or alternate payees are not taken into account in determining whether there has been a reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual. For example, provisions such as vesting schedules or optional forms of benefit (other than the annual benefit described in Q&A-5(a) of this section) are not taken into account. (c) Examples. The following example illustrates the rules in this Q&A-6: Example. A defined benefit plan provides a normal retirement benefit equal to 50% of final average compensation times a fraction (not in excess of one), the numerator of which equals the number of years of participation in the plan and the denominator of which is 20. A plan amendment that changes the numerator or denominator of that fraction must be taken into account in determining whether there has been a reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual. Q-7: What is the basic principle used in determining whether an amendment provides for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual for purposes of section 204(h)? A-7: Whether an amendment provides for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual for purposes of section 204(h) is determined based on reasonable expectations taking into account the relevant facts and circumstances at the time the amendment is adopted. For a defined benefit plan this is done by comparing the amount of the annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age as determined under Q&A-5(a)(1) under the terms of the plan as amended, with the amount of the annual benefit commencing at normal retirement age as determined under Q&A-5(a)(1) under the terms of the plan prior to amendment. For an individual account plan, this is done in accordance with Q&A-5(a)(2) by comparing the amounts to be allocated in the future to participants' accounts under the terms of the plan as [[Page 584]] amended, with the amounts to be allocated in the future to participants' accounts under the terms of the plan prior to amendment. Q-8: Are employees who have not yet become participants in a plan at the time an amendment to the plan is adopted taken into account in applying section 204(h) with respect to the amendment? A-8: No. Employees who have not yet become participants in a plan at the time an amendment to the plan is adopted are not taken into account in applying section 204(h) with respect to the amendment. Thus, if section 204(h) notice is required with respect to an amendment, the plan administrator need not provide section 204(h) notice to such employees. Q-9: If section 204(h) notice is required with respect to an amendment, must such notice be provided to participants or alternate payees whose rate of future benefit accrual is not reduced by the amendment? A-9: (a) In general. A plan administrator need not provide section 204(h) notice to any participant whose rate of future benefit accrual is reasonably expected not to be reduced by the amendment, nor to any alternate payee under an applicable qualified domestic relations order whose rate of future benefit accrual is reasonably expected not to be reduced by the amendment. A plan administrator need not provide section 204(h) notice to an employee organization unless the employee organization represents a participant to whom section 204(h) notice is required to be provided. (b) Facts and circumstances test. Whether a participant or alternate payee is described in paragraph (a) of this Q&A-9 is determined based on all relevant facts and circumstances at the time the amendment is adopted. (c) Examples. The following examples illustrate the rules in this Q&A-9: Example 1. Plan A is amended to reduce significantly the rate of future benefit accrual of all current employees who are participants in the plan. It is reasonable to expect based on the facts and circumstances that the amendment will not reduce the rate of future benefit accrual of former employees who are currently receiving benefits or that of former employees who are entitled to vested benefits. Accordingly, the plan administrator is not required to provide section 204(h) notice to such former employees. Example 2. The facts are the same as in Example 1 except that Plan A also covers two groups of alternate payees. The alternate payees in the first group are entitled to a certain percentage or portion of the former spouse's accrued benefit, and for this purpose the accrued benefit is determined at the time the former spouse begins receiving retirement benefits under the plan. The alternate payees in the second group are entitled to a certain percentage or portion of the former spouse's accrued benefit, and for this purpose the accrued benefit was determined at the time the qualified domestic relations order was issued by the court. It is reasonable to expect that the benefits to be received by the second group of alternate payees will not be affected by any reduction in a former spouse's rate of future benefit accrual. Accordingly, the plan administrator is not required to provide section 204(h) notice to the alternate payees in the second group. Example 3. Plan B covers hourly employees and salaried employees. Plan B provides the same rate of benefit accrual for both groups. The employer amends Plan B to reduce significantly the rate of future benefit accrual of the salaried employees only. At that time, it is reasonable to expect that only a small percentage of hourly employees will become salaried in the future. Accordingly, the plan administrator is not required to provide section 204(h) notice to the participants who are currently hourly employees. Example 4. Plan C covers employees in Division M and employees in Division N. Plan C provides the same rate of benefit accrual for both groups. The employer amends Plan C to reduce significantly the rate of future benefit accrual of employees in Division M. At that time, it is reasonable to expect that in the future only a small percentage of employees in Division N will be transferred to Division M. Accordingly, the plan administrator is not required to provide section 204(h) notice to the participants who are employees in Division N. Example 5. The facts are the same facts as in Example 4, except that at the time the amendment is adopted, it is expected that soon thereafter Division N will be merged into Division M in connection with a corporate reorganization (and the employees in Division N will become subject to the plan's amended benefit formula applicable to the employees in Division M). In this instance, the plan administrator must provide section 204(h) notice to the participants who are employees in Division M and to the participants who are employees in Division N. [[Page 585]] Q-10: Does a notice fail to comply with section 204(h) if it contains a summary of the amendment and the effective date, without the text of the amendment itself? A-10: No, the notice does not fail to comply with section 204(h) merely because the notice contains a summary of the amendment, rather than the text of the amendment, if the summary is written in a manner calculated to be understood by the average plan participant and contains the effective date. The summary need not explain how the individual benefit of each participant or alternate payee will be affected by the amendment. Q-11: How may section 204(h) notice be provided? A-11: A plan administrator (including a person acting on behalf of the plan administrator such as the employer or plan trustee) may use any method reasonably calculated to ensure actual receipt of the section 204(h) notice. First class mail to the last known address of the party is an acceptable delivery method. Likewise, hand delivery is acceptable. Section 204(h) notice may be enclosed with or combined with other notice provided by the employer or plan administrator. For example, a notice of intent to terminate under title IV of ERISA or a notice to interested parties of the application for a determination letter may also serve as section 204(h) notice if it otherwise meets the requirements of this section. Q-12: How may the 15-day notice requirement be satisfied? A-12: (a) Generally. A section 204(h) notice is deemed to have been provided at least 15 days before the effective date of the amendment if it has been provided by the end of the 15th day before the effective date. When notice is delivered by first class mail, the notice is considered provided as of the date of the United States postmark stamped on the cover in which the document is mailed. (b) Example. The following example illustrates the provisions of this Q&A-12: Example. Plan A is amended to reduce significantly the rate of future benefit accruals effective December 1, 1999. The plan administrator causes section 204(h) notice to be mailed to all affected participants. The mailing is postmarked November 16, 1999. Accordingly, the section 204(h) notice is considered to be given not less than 15 days before the effective date of the plan amendment. Q-13: If a plan administrator fails to provide section 204(h) notice to some participants or alternate payees, will the plan administrator be considered to have complied with section 204(h) with respect to participants and alternate payees who were provided with section 204(h) notice? A-13: The plan administrator will be considered to have complied with section 204(h) with respect to a participant to whom section 204(h) notice is required to be provided if the participant and any employee organization representing the participant were provided with section 204(h) notice, and if the plan administrator has made a good faith effort to comply with the requirements of section 204(h). The plan administrator will be considered to have complied with section 204(h) with respect to an alternate payee to whom section 204(h) notice is required to be provided if the alternate payee was provided with section 204(h) notice, and if the plan administrator made a good faith effort to comply with the requirements of section 204(h). If these conditions are satisfied the amendment will become effective in accordance with its terms with respect to the participants and alternate payees to whom section 204(h) notice was provided. Except to the extent provided in Q&A-14, the amendment will not become effective with respect to those participants and alternate payees who were not provided with section 204(h) notice. Q-14: Will a plan be considered to have complied with section 204(h) if the plan administrator provides section 204(h) notice to all but a de minimis percentage of participants and alternate payees to whom section 204(h) notice must be provided? A-14: The plan will be considered to have complied with section 204(h) and the amendment will become effective in accordance with its terms with respect to all parties to whom section 204(h) notice was required to be provided (including those who did not receive notice prior to discovery of the omission), if the plan administrator-- [[Page 586]] (a) Has made a good faith effort to comply with the requirements of section 204(h); (b) Has provided section 204(h) notice to each employee organization that represents any participant to whom section 204(h) notice is required to be provided; (c) Has failed to provide section 204(h) notice to no more than a de minimis percentage of participants and alternate payees to whom section 204(h) notice is required to be provided; and (d) Provides section 204(h) notice to those participants and alternate payees promptly upon discovering the oversight. Q-15: How does section 204(h) apply to the sale of a business? A-15: (a) Generally. Whether section 204(h) notice is required in connection with the sale of a business depends on whether a plan amendment is adopted that significantly reduces the rate of future benefit accrual. (b) Examples. The following examples illustrate the rules of this Q&A-15: Example 1. Corporation Q maintains Plan A, a defined benefit plan that covers all employees of Corporation Q, including employees in its Division M. Plan A provides that participating employees cease to accrue benefits when they cease to be employees of Corporation Q. On January 1, 2000, Corporation Q sells all of the assets of Division M to Corporation R. Corporation R maintains Plan B, which covers all of the employees of Corporation R. Under the sale agreement, employees of Division M become employees of Corporation R on the date of the sale (and cease to be employees of Corporation Q), Corporation Q continues to maintain Plan A following the sale, and the employees of Division M become participants in Plan B. In this Example, no section 204(h) notice is required because no plan amendment was adopted that reduced the rate of future benefit accrual. The employees of Division M who become employees of Corporation R ceased to accrue benefits under Plan A because their employment with Corporation Q terminated. Example 2. Subsidiary Y is a wholly owned subsidiary of Corporation S. Subsidiary Y maintains Plan C, a defined benefit plan that covers employees of Subsidiary Y. Corporation S sells all of the stock of Subsidiary Y to Corporation T. At the effective date of the sale of the stock of Subsidiary Y, in accordance with the sale agreement between Corporation S and Corporation T, Subsidiary Y amends Plan C so that all benefit accruals cease. In this Example, section 204(h) notice is required to be provided because Subsidiary Y adopted a plan amendment that significantly reduced the rate of future benefit accrual in Plan C. Example 3. Corporation U maintains two plans: Plan D covers employees of Division N and Plan E covers the rest of the employees of Corporation U. Plan E provides a significantly lower rate of future benefit accrual than Plan D. Plan D is merged with Plan E, and all of the employees of Corporation U will accrue benefits under the merged plan in accordance with the benefit formula of former Plan E. In this Example, section 204(h) notice is required. Example 4. Corporation V maintains several plans, including Plan F, which covers employees of Division P. Plan F provides that participating employees cease to accrue further benefits under the plan when they cease to be employees of Corporation V. Corporation V sells all of the assets of Division P to Corporation W, which maintains Plan G for its employees. Plan G provides a significantly lower rate of future benefit accrual than Plan F. Plan F is merged with Plan G as part of the sale, and employees of Division P who become employees of Corporation W will accrue benefits under the merged plan in accordance with the benefit formula of former Plan G. In this Example, no section 204(h) notice is required because no plan amendment was adopted that reduced the rate of future benefit accrual. Under the terms of Plan F as in effect prior to the merger, employees of Division P cease to accrue any further benefits under Plan F after the date of the sale because their employment with Corporation V terminated. Q-16: How are amendments to cease accruals and terminate a plan treated under section 204(h)? A-16: (a) General rule--(1) Rule. An amendment providing for the cessation of benefit accruals on a specified future date and for the termination of a plan is subject to section 204(h). (2) Example. The following example illustrates the rule of paragraph (a)(1) of this Q&A-16: Example. (i) An employer adopts an amendment that provides for the cessation of benefit accruals under a defined benefit plan on December 31, 2001, and for the termination of the plan pursuant to title IV of ERISA as of a proposed termination date that is also December 31, 2001. As part of the notice of intent to terminate required under title IV in order to terminate the plan, the plan administrator gives section 204(h) notice of the amendment ceasing accruals, which states [[Page 587]] that benefit accruals will cease ``on December 31, 2001.'' However, because all the requirements of title IV for a plan termination are not satisfied, the plan cannot be terminated until a date that is later than December 31, 2001. (ii) Nonetheless, because section 204(h) notice was given stating that the plan was amended to cease accruals on December 31, 2001, section 204(h) does not prevent the amendment to cease accruals from being effective on December 31, 2001. The result would be the same had the section 204(h) notice informed the participants that the plan was amended to provide for a proposed termination date of December 31, 2001, and to provide that ``benefit accruals will cease on the proposed termination date whether or not the plan is terminated on that date.'' However, the cessation of accruals would not be effective on December 31, 2001, had the section 204(h) notice merely stated that benefit accruals would cease ``on the termination date or on the proposed termination date. (b) Terminations in accordance with title IV of ERISA. A plan that is terminated in accordance with title IV of ERISA is deemed to have satisfied section 204(h) not later than the termination date (or date of termination, as applicable) established under section 4048 of ERISA. Accordingly, section 204(h) would in no event require that any additional benefits accrue after the effective date of the termination. (c) Amendment effective before termination date of a plan subject to title IV of ERISA. To the extent that an amendment providing for a significant reduction in the rate of future benefit accrual has an effective date that is earlier than the termination date (or date of termination, as applicable) established under section 4048 of ERISA, that amendment is subject to section 204(h). Accordingly, the plan administrator must provide section 204(h) notice (either separately or with or as part of the notice of intent to terminate) with respect to such an amendment. Q-17: When does section 204(h) become effective? A-17: (a) Statutory effective date. With respect to defined benefit plans, section 204(h) generally applies to plan amendments adopted on or after January 1, 1986. With respect to individual account plans, section 204(h) applies to plan amendments adopted on or after October 22, 1986. (b) Regulatory effective date--(1) General regulatory effective date. This section is applicable for amendments adopted on or after December 12, 1998. (2) Special rule for amendments adopted under the temporary regulations. Whether an amendment that is adopted on or after December 15, 1995 and before December 12, 1998 complies with section 204(h) is determined under the rules of Sec. 1.411(d)-6T in effect prior to December 14, 1998 (See 1.411(d)-6T in 26 CFR part 1 revised as of April 1, 1998). [T.D. 8795, 63 FR 68680, Dec. 14, 1998]