The Library of Congress
>>
Especially for Researchers
>>
Research Centers
Home
>>
Country Studies
>>
Hungary
Find
in
Federal Research Division Pages
Researchers Web Pages
All Library of Congress Pages
A Country Study: Hungary
Library of Congress Call Number
DB906 .H86 1990
Hungary
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Preface
Table A. Chronology of Important Events
Country Profile
Country
Geography
Society
Economy
Transportation and Communications
Government and Politics
National Security
Introduction
Chapter 1 - Historical Setting
(Charles Sudetic)
Early History
Medieval Period
Christianization of the Magyars
Stephen I
Politics and Society under Stephen's Successors
Reconstruction
Renaissance and Reformation
Golden Era
Reign of Ulaszlo II and Louis II
Partition of Hungary
Royal Hungary
Ottoman Hungary
Transylvania
End of the Partition
Hungary Under the Habsburgs
Reign of Leopold II
Reign of Charles VI and Maria Theresa
Enlightened Absolutism
Economic and Social Developments
The Revolution of March 1848
Aftermath of the Revolution
Dual Monarchy
Constitutional and Legal Framework
Rise of the Liberal Party
Social Changes
Political and Economic Life, 1905-19
World War I
Hungarian Soviet Republic
Counterrevolution
Trianon Hungary
Postwar Political and Economic Conditions
Bethlen Government
Economic Development
The Great Depression
Radical Right in Power
World War II
Postwar Hungary
Coalition Government and Communist Takeover
Rakosi's Rule
Revolution of 1956
Kadar's Reforms
New Economic Mechanism
Chapter 2 - The Society and Its Environment
(Becky Gates)
Physical Environment
Topography
Climate
Population
Historical Trends
Structure
Settlement Patterns
The Hungarian People
Origins and Language
Minority Groups
Social Structure
Interwar Period
Postwar Societal Transformation
Social Relations in the 1980s
The Elite
The Disadvantaged
Social Institutions
The Family
Mass Organizations
Trade Unions
Women
Youth
Other Popular Groups
Religion and Religious Organizations
Education
Health and Welfare
Health
Welfare
Housing
Dissent and Freedom of Expression
Chapter 3 - The Economy
(Charles Sudetic)
Resource Base
Energy Resources
Mineral Resources
Land, Climate, and Forests
Environmental Problems
Labor Force
Work Force
Underemployment and Unemployment
Labor Turnover
Women in the Work Force and Foreign Workers
Economic System and Control Mechanisms
Role of Party and Government Bodies
Ownership
Planning
Economic Regulators
Prices
Wages, Salaries, and Incentives
Taxes
Enterprise Income Regulation
Exchange-Rate Controls
Direct Administrative Intervention
Finance
Financial Institutions
Credit Criteria
Financial Instruments
Bankruptcy
Industrial Organization
Agricultural Organization
Large-Scale Farming
Small-Scale Farming
Ancillary Activities
Private Activity
Conflict-Resolution Mechanisms
Economic Sectors
Industry
Energy
Mineral Mining and Metallurgy
Engineering and Chemicals
Light Industry and Food Processing
High Technology
Agriculture
Construction
Transportation and Telecommunications
Private Sector
The Third Economy
Foreign Trade
Organization of Foreign Trade
Cooperation Agreements and Joint Ventures
Trade Volume and Structure
Trade Partners
Domestic Consumption
Domestic Trade Sector
Standard of Living
Economic Policy and Performance, 1945-85
The Seventh Five-Year Plan (1986-90)
Chapter 4 - Government and Politics
(Stephen R. Burant)
Constitutional Development
Constitution of 1949
Amendments of 1972
Constitutional Law Council
State Apparatus
Council of Ministers
Presidential Council
National Assembly
Elections to the National Assembly
County and District Government
Judicial Organs
Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
Ideology
Democratic Centralism
Party Structure
Central Institutions
Party Congress
Central Committee
Central Control Committee
Politburo
Secretariat
Intermediate Institutions
Basic Organizations
Discipline
Membership
Social Composition of the Party
Patriotic People's Front
Mass Media
Foreign Policy
Principles of Foreign Policy
Relations with the Soviet Union
Relations with Other Communist Neighbors
Romania
Czechoslovakia
Yugoslavia
Relations with the West
Austria
West Germany
Britain
United States
Relations with Selected Non-Western Countries
Israel
China
South Korea
Hungary and the Soviet Model
Chapter 5 - National Security
(Kenneth E. Nyirády)
Historical and Political Setting
Historical Background and Traditions
The Medieval Period
The Modern Period
The Military in Trianon Hungary
Sovietization
State Security Forces and the Revolution
The Postrevolutionary Period
Government and Party Control
Expenditures
Military Industry
Soviet Influence
Loyalties and Control
Soviet Southern Group of Forces in Hungary
External Threats to National Security
Threat from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Threat from Romania
Threat from the Soviet Union
The Hungarian Armed Forces
Ground Forces
Air Force
Manpower
Conscientious Objection
Education and Training
Conscript Programs
Specialized-Officer Programs
Premilitary Programs
Paramilitary Programs
Uniforms and Rank Insignia
Internal Security and Public Order
National Police
Security Police
Border Guard
Workers' Guard
Criminal Justice System
Incidence of Crime
Penal Code and Criminal Procedure
Military Justice
Penal System
Reaction to Political Dissent
Appendix. Tables
Bibliography
Glossary
Search by Continent
Search Database
Choose a Country Study
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belize
Bhutan
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Caribbean Islands
Comoros
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia (Former)
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
Georgia
Germany
Germany (East)
Ghana
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Laos
Lebanon
Libya
Lithuania
Macau
Madagascar
Maldives
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
North Korea
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Singapore
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
Soviet Union (Former)
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkmenistan
Turkey
Uganda
United Arab Emirates
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yugoslavia (Former)
Zaire (Former)
Search Hungary
Include word variants .
Use only words as entered.
Top of Page
Home
>>
Country Studies
>>
Hungary
Find
in
Federal Research Division Pages
Federal Research Division Pages
Researchers Web Pages
All Library of Congress Pages
The Library of Congress
>>
Especially for Researchers
>>
Research Centers
November 8, 2005
Contact Us