The Library of Congress
>>
Especially for Researchers
>>
Research Centers
Home
>>
Country Studies
>>
Iran
Find
in
Federal Research Division Pages
Researchers Web Pages
All Library of Congress Pages
A Country Study: Iran
Library of Congress Call Number
DS254.5 .I742 1989
Iran
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Preface
Country Profile
- Visit
new
updated
Profile
(PDF)
Country
Geography
Society
Economy
Transportation and Communications
Government and Politics
National Security
Introduction
Chapter 1 - Historical Setting
(Shaul Bakhash)
Ancient Iran
Pre-Achaemenid Iran
Immigration of the Medes and the Persians
The Achaemenid Empire, 550-330 B.C.
Alexander the Great, the Seleucids, and the Parthians
The Sassanids, A.D. 224-642
Islamic Conquest
Invasions of the Mongols and Tamerlane
The Safavids, 1501-1722
The Oajars, 1795-1925
The Constitutional Revolution
World War I
The Era of Reza Shah, 1921-41
World War II and the Azarbaijan Crisis
Mossadeq and Oil Nationalization
The Post-Mossadeq Era and the Shah's White Revolution
State and Society, 1964-74
Renewed Opposition
The Coming of the Revolution
The Bakhtiar Government
The Revolution
Bazargan and the Provisional Government
The New Constitution
The Bani Sadr Presidency
Terror and Repression
Consolidation of the Revolution
Chapter 2 - The Society and Its Environment
(Eric Hooglund)
Geography
Topography
Climate
Population
Major Cities
Emigration
Refugees
People and Languages
The Persian Language
The Persian-speaking People
Indo-Iranian-speaking Groups
Lurs and Bakhtiaris
Baluchis
Kurds
Other Groups
Turkic-speaking Groups
Azarbaijanis
Qashqais
Other Groups
Semitic Language Groups
Armenians
Structure of Society
Urban Society
The Urban Political Elite
The Bazaar
Social Class in Contemporary Iran
The Upper Classes
The Middle Classes
The Working Class
The Lower Class
Urban Migration
Rural Society
Nomadic Society
The Family
The Sexes
Traditional Attitudes Toward Segregation of the Sexes
Impact of Western Ideas on the Role of Women
Female Participation in the Work Force
Religious Life
Shia Islam in Iran
Distinctive Beliefs
Religious Obligations
Religious Institutions and Organizations
Religious Hierarchy
Unorthodox Shia Religious Movements
Sunni Muslims
Non-Muslim Minorities
Bahais
Christians
Jews
Zoroastrians
Education
Health and Welfare
Medical Personnel and Facilities
Health Hazards and Preventive Medicine
Water Supply and Sanitation
Welfare
Chapter 3 - The Economy
(Angus MacPherson)
Role of the Government
The Beginnings of Modernization: The Post-1925 Period
Oil Revenues and the Acceleration of Modernization, 1960-79
The Post-1979 Period
Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Banking
Taxes
The War's Impact on the Economy
Oil Exports
War Costs
Labor Force
Petroleum Industry
Oil and Gas Industry
Production and Reserves
Concession Agreements
Refining and Transport
Non-Oil Industry
Carpets
Construction
Manufacturing and Industrial Development
Mining and Quarrying
Utilities
Transportation and Telecommunications
Transportation
Telecommunications
Tourism
Agriculture
Water
Land Use
Crop Production
Grains
Sugar
Livestock
Fisheries
Forestry
Foreign Trade
Imports
Non-Oil Exports
Trade Partners
Balance of Payments
Chapter 4 - Government and Politics
(Eric Hooglund)
Constitutional Framework
The Faqih
The Presidency
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers
The Majlis
The Council of Guardians
The Judiciary
Local Government
Political Dynamics
The Provisional Government
The Rise and Fall of Bani Sadr
The Reign of Terror
The Consolidation of Theocracy
Political Parties
The Domination of the Islamic Republican Party
Opposition Political Parties in Exile
Monarchists
Democratic Parties
Islamic Groups
Marxists
Political Orientations
The Mass Media
Foreign Policy
Concept of Export of Revolution
Concept of Neither East nor West
The Iran-Iraq War
Relations with Regional Powers
The Persian Gulf States
Turkey, Pakistan, and Afghanistan
Israel and the Non-Gulf Arab States
Iran's Role in Lebanon
Iran and International Organizations
Chapter 5 - National Security
(Joseph A. Kechichian and Houman Sadri)
Armed Forces
Historical Background
The Revolutionary Period
Command and Control
Organization, Size, and Equipment
Army
Navy
Air Force
Source and Quality of Manpower
Foreign Influences in Weapons, Training, and Support Systems
Domestic Arms Production
Special and Irregular Armed Forces
Organization and Functions
Operations
Role in National Security
The Iran-Iraq War
The Original Iraqi Offensive
Iranian Mobilization and Resistance
The Iranian Counteroffensive
The War of Attrition
Internationalization of the War
Gradual Superpower Involvement
The Tanker War
Role of the Air Force
Role of the Navy
Armed Forces and Society
Status in National Life
The Defense Burden
The Impact of Casualties on Society
Treatment of Veterans and Widows
Internal Security
Internal Security in the 1970s
Law Enforcement Agencies
Savak
Savama
Gendarmerie and National Police
Antiregime Opposition Groups
Mojahedin
Fadayan
Paykar
The Role of Minorities in Internal Security
Appendix. Tables
Bibliography
Glossary
Search by Continent
Search Database
Choose a Country Study
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belize
Bhutan
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Caribbean Islands
Comoros
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia (Former)
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
Georgia
Germany
Germany (East)
Ghana
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Laos
Lebanon
Libya
Lithuania
Macau
Madagascar
Maldives
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
North Korea
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Singapore
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
Soviet Union (Former)
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkmenistan
Turkey
Uganda
United Arab Emirates
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yugoslavia (Former)
Zaire (Former)
Search Iran
Include word variants .
Use only words as entered.
Top of Page
Home
>>
Country Studies
>>
Iran
Find
in
Federal Research Division Pages
Federal Research Division Pages
Researchers Web Pages
All Library of Congress Pages
The Library of Congress
>>
Especially for Researchers
>>
Research Centers
November 8, 2005
Contact Us