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Smoking and Tobacco Control Monographs
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Monograph 9: Cigars: Health Effects
and Trends
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- Download the entire monograph
(2,800 kb)
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Table of Contents:
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 1
Cigar Smoking: Overview and Current State of the
Science (585 kb)
- Trends in Consumption
- Disease Risks
- Inhalation
- Nicotine Addiction
- Adult Use
- Adolescent Use
- Marketing
- Environmental Tobacco Smoke
- Regulation and Taxation
- Chapter 2
Trends in Cigar Consumption and Smoking (715
kb)
- Discussion
- Monitoring Recommendations
- Chapter 3
Chemistry and Toxicology (455 kb)
- Historical Notes
- The Cigar
- Chemistry of Cigar Tobacco
- Chemistry and Analysis of Mainstream Cigar Smoke
- Sidestream Smoke and Environmental Tobacco Smoke
- Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of Cigar Smoke
- Biomarkers for the Uptake of Tobacco Smoke
- Summary and Research Needs
- Chapter 4
Disease Consequences of Cigar Smoking (293
kb)
- The CPS-I Study
- All Cause Mortality
- Cause Specific Mortality
- Lung Cancer
- Oral Cancer
- Cancer of the Larynx
- Cancer of the Esophagus
- Bladder and Urinary System Cancers
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- Cerebro-Vascular Disease
- Aortic Aneurysm
- Chapter 5
Indoor Air Pollution From Cigar Smoke (553
kb)
- Mathematical Models for Cigar ETS Concentrations
- Cigar Emissions: Machine Smoking
- Cigar Emissions: Human Smoking
- Measurements at Cigar Smoking Socials
- Chapter 6
Pharmacology and Abuse Potential of Cigars
(130 kb)
- Early Observations of Addictive Effects
- Nicotine Dosing Capability of Cigars
- Inhalation of Cigar Smoke
- Rate of Nicotine Absorption
- Nicotine Dependence
- Factors Influencing Nicotine Dependence
- Chapter 7
Marketing and Promotion of Cigars (423 kb)
- Sales Patterns
- Advertising
- Promotion
- Availability
- Chapter 8
Policies Regulating Cigars (98 kb)
- Regulation of Cigar Products
- Health Warnings
- Disclosure of Cigar or Smoke Product Constituents
- Advertising Restrictions
- Regulation of Cigar Smoking in Public Places
- Litigation
- Restrictions on Youth Access to Cigars
- Taxation
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