MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data: 046: Special Coded Dates (Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress)

Date of item information that cannot be recorded in 008/06-14 (Type of date/Publication status, Date 1, Date 2) because such information involves one or more Before Common Era (B.C.) dates, incorrect dates, dates when resources have been modified or created, and date spans when resources are valid. When field 046 is used for B.C. dates, 008/06 is set to code b (No date given; B.C. date involved) and field 008/07-10 and 008/11-14 contain blanks (####). When field 046 is used for incorrect dates, field 008/06 is coded for the type of corrected data and field 008/07-10 and 008/11-14 contain correct dates.

GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS

Guidelines on how to transcribe a date in subfields $b, $c, $d, and $e are generally the same as those specified under 008/06 (Type of date/Publication status), 008/07-10 (Date 1) and 008/11-14 (Date 2), except that incorrect dates and B.C. dates may be recorded only in field 046.

Precedence of codes (monographic items) - When more than one code applies to the date(s) related to a bibliographic item, use the table below to determine the appropriate code to use. The codes listed in each column are in precedence order, with codes listed first taking precedence over codes listed subsequently. The left column covers single part items and multipart items completed in one year. The right column covers multipart items for which a span of dates is required.

■ INDICATORS

■ SUBFIELD CODES

$a - Type of date code

Codes

i	Inclusive dates of collection
k	Bulk of collection
m	Multiple dates
n	Unknown date
p	Distribution/release/issue and production/recording session dates
q	Questionable date
r	Reissue and original dates
s	Single known/probable date
t	Publication and copyright dates
x	Incorrect dates


046	##$ak$b1000$d500
046	##$aq$b250$e100
046	##$ax$c1693$e1639

$b - Date 1, B.C. date

Before Common Era (B.C.) Date 1 (type of date normally recorded in 008/07-10).


046	##$as$b245 [A coin dated from 245 B.C.]

$c - Date 1, C.E. date

Common Era (C.E.) Date 1 (type of date normally recorded in 008/07-10). In the case of an incorrect date 1, the incorrect date is recorded in field 046 while the corrected date is recorded in 008/07-10.


046	##$ar$c1936$d210 [A 1936 replica of a Roman sculpture dated from 210 B.C.]
046	##$ax$c1703 [Incorrect C.E. Date 1; corrected Date 1 “1730" recorded in 008/07-10]

$d - Date 2, B.C. date

B.C. Date 2 (type of date normally recorded in 008/11-14).


046	##$aq$b299$d200 [A sculpture dating from sometime in the 3rd century B.C.]

$e - Date 2, C.E. date

C.E. Date 2 (type of date normally recorded in 008/11-14). In the case of an incorrect date 2, the incorrect date is recorded in field 046 while the corrected date is recorded in 008/11-14.


046	##$ai$b99$e99 [A collection of bowls. The inclusive dates are from the beginning of the 1st century B.C. to the end of the 1st century C.E.]
046	##$ax$e1939 [Incorrect C.E. Date 2 for a multipart item published between 1990 and 1993; corrected Date 2 “1993" recorded in 008/11-14]

$j - Date resource modified

Dates in subfield $j usually relate to Web pages and other electronic media that routinely contain the date of last update. The date and time are recorded according to Representations of Dates and Times (ISO 8601) unless subfield $2 (Source of date) specifies another date scheme. The date requires 8 numeric characters in the pattern yyyymmdd (4 for the year, 2 for the month, and 2 for the day). If applicable, the time requires 8 numeric characters in the pattern hhmmss.f (2 for the hour, 2 for the minute, 2 for the second, and 2 for a decimal fraction of the second, including the decimal point). The 24-hour clock (00-23) is used.


046	##$j20010712
245	00$aCounty business patterns, United States.
856	41$uhttp://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/cbptotal.html $zScroll down to "United States" and click on desired issue (requires Adobe Acrobat software, which is available for download) [The item was last modified on July 12, 2001]

$k - Beginning or single date created

Date or beginning of the date range on which a resource has been created when it is not more appropriately recorded in another field. Dates contained in subfield $k may not be coded elsewhere in the formats. The date is recorded as specified in subfield $j (Date resource modified).


046	##$k19981022
245	00$aMARC 21: Harmonized USMARC and CAN/MARC
856	40$uhttp://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/annmarc21.html [The item was created on October 22, 1998]

$l - Ending date created

Ending date of a date range on which a resource has been created. The date is recorded as specified in subfield $j (Date resource modified).

$m - Beginning of date valid

Beginning of the date span for the validity of a resource. The date is recorded as specified in subfield $j (Date resource modified).

$n - End of date valid

Ending of the date span for the validity of a resource. The date is recorded as specified in subfield $j (Date resource modified).


046	##$m20011008$n20011027
245	00$a[Title of train schedule]
856	41$u[URL to train schedule] [The train schedule is valid from October 8, 2001 - October 27, 2001]

$2 - Source of date

Source of the date scheme used in the field if not in the form yyyymmdd as specified in subfield $j (Date resource modified).

Code from: MARC Code Lists for Relators, Sources, Description Conventions.


046	##$j2001-07-12$2[Code for W3CDTF]
245	00$aCounty business patterns, United States.
856	41$uhttp://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/cbptotal.html $zScroll down to "United States" and click on desired issue (requires Adobe Acrobat software, which is available for download) [Note that W3C DTF is an alternative form specified in ISO 8601]

$6 - Linkage

See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.

$8 - Field link and sequence number

See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.

INPUT CONVENTIONS

CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY

$j - Date resource modified [NEW, 2002]
$k - Beginning or single date created [NEW, 2002]
$l - Ending date created [NEW, 2002]
$m - Beginning of date valid [NEW, 2002]
$n - End of date valid [NEW, 2002]
$2 - Source of date [NEW, 2002]

046 - Special Coded Dates (R)

FIELD DEFINITION AND SCOPE

GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS

■ INDICATORS

■ SUBFIELD CODES

INPUT CONVENTIONS

CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY


Subfield Codes
$a - Type of date code (NR) $b - Date 1, B.C. date (NR) $c - Date 1, C.E. date (NR) $d - Date 2, B.C. date (NR) $e - Date 2, C.E. date (NR) $j - Date resource modified (NR) $k - Beginning or single date created (NR)	$l - Ending date created (NR) $m - Beginning of date valid (NR) $n - End of date valid (NR) $2 - Source of date (NR) $6 - Linkage (NR) $8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

r	Reissue and original date
s	Single date
p	Distribution and production dates
t	Publication and copyright dates
x	Incorrect dates
q	Questionable date
n	Unknown date

i	Inclusive dates
k	Bulk dates
r	Reissue and original dates
m	Multiple dates
t	Publication and copyright dates
x	Incorrect dates
n	Unknown date