NC BL 10/00/1998 Table: Tucson, AZ, Construction Industry, Bulletin 2510-2, May 1998 Table 1. Hourly earnings(1) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(2) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percentiles Occupation(3) Mean 10 25 50 75 90 All blue-collar occupations...... $11.18 $7.00 $8.25 $11.00 $13.00 $16.13 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 12.49 8.50 10.00 12.00 14.04 17.31 Construction trades occupations........... 11.79 8.50 10.00 11.52 13.00 16.00 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 11.96 8.00 10.00 12.00 13.50 15.50 Tile setters, hard and soft............. 13.16 - - - - - Carpenters........... 11.23 8.00 9.00 11.00 12.60 15.16 Drywall installers... 11.71 9.00 10.50 12.00 12.50 13.00 Electricians......... 13.85 10.00 12.00 13.50 16.00 17.50 Electrician apprentices.......... 9.81 - - - - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 10.20 7.00 8.00 10.00 11.50 14.00 Plasterers........... 10.91 8.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 13.54 11.00 12.00 12.50 15.00 17.75 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 11.58 9.50 10.00 11.00 12.00 14.00 Roofers.............. 10.05 7.75 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 Sheetmetal duct installers........... 11.00 8.00 8.50 10.00 13.00 17.42 Structural metal workers.............. 15.39 - - - - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 12.20 8.50 9.00 11.00 15.00 18.00 Supervisors, construction trades... 16.06 11.50 13.00 15.00 18.32 22.51 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 13.36 - - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 16.70 - - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... $20.05 - - - - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 14.95 - - - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 16.64 - - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 15.88 $11.47 $13.00 $15.00 $18.32 $22.51 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 12.19 8.10 9.50 11.50 14.25 18.00 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 12.19 - - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 12.16 8.25 9.75 12.00 14.00 17.00 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 10.58 8.00 9.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 Welders and cutters.. 9.90 8.00 8.50 9.50 11.00 12.00 Transportation and material moving occupations........... 12.73 10.00 11.00 12.24 14.50 16.30 Truck drivers........ 10.67 8.00 9.50 10.82 12.24 12.49 Excavating and loading machine operators............ 12.24 10.00 12.00 12.00 12.50 14.75 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 14.88 12.50 13.50 15.00 16.00 17.60 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 8.27 6.00 6.50 7.75 9.00 11.00 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ $8.22 - - - - - Helpers, construction trades............... 7.66 $6.00 $6.50 $7.50 $8.50 $10.00 Construction laborers 8.65 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.50 13.00 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, on-call pay, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 2. Hourly earnings(1) for blue-collar occupations, union and nonunion workers,(2) construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Union Nonunion Occupation(4) Percentiles Percentiles Mean Mean 10 25 50 75 90 10 25 50 75 90 All blue-collar occupations..... $14.80 $8.56 $12.03 $16.13 $17.42 $18.55 $10.98 $7.00 $8.00 $10.50 $13.00 $15.63 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.......... 15.91 10.34 14.18 16.50 17.82 20.00 12.29 8.50 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.54 Construction trades occupations.......... 15.73 10.40 13.60 16.50 17.60 20.00 11.58 8.45 10.00 11.50 13.00 15.16 Brickmasons and stonemasons......... - - - - - - 11.96 8.00 10.00 12.00 13.50 15.50 Tile setters, hard and soft............ - - - - - - 13.16 - - - - - Carpenters.......... - - - - - - 11.16 8.00 9.00 11.00 12.00 15.49 Drywall installers.. - - - - - - 11.71 9.00 10.50 12.00 12.50 13.00 Electricians........ 16.49 - - - - - 13.17 9.50 11.00 13.00 14.55 17.00 Painters, construction and maintenance......... - - - - - - 10.20 7.00 8.00 10.00 11.50 14.00 Plasterers.......... - - - - - - 10.91 8.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........ - - - - - - 12.99 10.76 12.00 12.50 14.00 16.00 Concrete and terrazzo finishers.. - - - - - - 11.58 9.50 10.00 11.00 12.00 14.00 Roofers............. - - - - - - 10.05 7.75 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 Sheetmetal duct installers.......... - - - - - - 10.13 8.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 13.00 Construction trades, N.E.C............... - - - - - - 12.20 8.50 9.00 11.00 15.00 18.00 Supervisors, construction trades.. - - - - - - 15.97 11.50 13.00 15.00 18.32 22.75 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters......... - - - - - - 13.36 - - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers..... - - - - - - 16.70 - - - - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers.......... - - - - - - $14.95 - - - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........ - - - - - - 16.64 - - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C............... - - - - - - 15.87 $11.47 $13.00 $15.00 $18.32 $22.75 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.......... - - - - - - 11.88 8.00 9.50 11.00 14.00 17.00 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment - - - - - - 12.19 - - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics........... - - - - - - 11.71 8.25 9.50 11.50 14.00 16.00 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........... - - - - - - 10.58 8.00 9.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 Welders and cutters. - - - - - - 9.90 8.00 8.50 9.50 11.00 12.00 Transportation and material moving occupations.......... - - - - - - 12.70 10.00 11.00 12.24 14.50 16.00 Truck drivers....... - - - - - - 10.66 8.00 9.50 10.82 12.24 12.49 Excavating and loading machine operators........... - - - - - - 12.24 10.00 12.00 12.00 12.50 14.75 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators... - - - - - - 14.88 12.50 13.50 15.00 16.00 17.60 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers......... $12.72 - - - - - $8.02 $6.00 $6.50 $7.50 $9.00 $10.29 Helpers, mechanics and repairers....... - - - - - - 7.96 - - - - - Helpers, construction trades. - - - - - - 7.57 6.00 6.50 7.25 8.50 9.50 Construction laborers............ - - - - - - 8.24 6.00 6.75 8.00 9.00 11.00 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, on-call pay, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of workers earn the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. 2 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 3. Hourly earnings(1) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, by construction industries,(2) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Residential Nonresidential Highway and street Heavy construction, Special trade All construction building building construction except highway contractors Occupation(3) construction construction Mean Median Mean Median Mean Median Mean Median Mean Median Mean Median All blue-collar occupations..... $11.18 $11.00 $10.75 $10.00 $13.78 $12.50 $12.56 $12.00 $11.67 $12.00 $10.91 $10.50 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.......... 12.49 12.00 13.19 12.00 15.74 14.00 15.95 16.54 13.47 12.50 12.10 12.00 Construction trades occupations.......... 11.79 11.52 11.72 11.31 12.74 12.00 14.54 15.00 10.76 12.00 11.70 11.50 Brickmasons and stonemasons......... 11.96 12.00 - - - - - - - - 12.26 12.00 Tile setters, hard and soft............ 13.16 - - - - - - - - - 13.16 - Carpenters.......... 11.23 11.00 11.73 12.00 13.75 14.00 - - - - 10.69 10.00 Drywall installers.. 11.71 12.00 - - - - - - - - 11.71 12.00 Electricians........ 13.85 13.50 - - - - - - - - 13.92 13.50 Electrician apprentices......... 9.81 - - - - - - - - - 9.18 - Painters, construction and maintenance......... 10.20 10.00 - - - - - - - - 10.10 9.75 Plasterers.......... 10.91 11.00 - - - - - - - - 11.17 11.00 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........ 13.54 12.50 - - - - - - - - 13.57 12.75 Concrete and terrazzo finishers.. 11.58 11.00 - - - - - - - - 11.42 11.00 Roofers............. 10.05 10.00 - - - - - - - - 10.05 10.00 Sheetmetal duct installers.......... 11.00 10.00 - - - - - - - - 10.96 10.00 Structural metal workers............. 15.39 - - - - - - - - - - - Construction trades, N.E.C............... 12.20 11.00 13.14 - - - - - 10.05 - 12.50 11.00 Supervisors, construction trades.. 16.06 15.00 17.62 16.83 20.42 21.25 - - 16.32 - 14.85 14.00 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters......... 13.36 - - - - - - - - - 13.21 - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers..... 16.70 - - - - - - - - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers.......... $20.05 - - - - - - - - - $20.05 - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers.......... 14.95 - - - - - - - - - 12.74 - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........ 16.64 - - - - - - - - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C............... 15.88 $15.00 $16.46 - $21.43 - - - - - 13.73 $13.50 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.......... 12.19 11.50 - - - - - - - - 11.77 11.00 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment 12.19 - - - - - - - - - 12.19 - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics........... 12.16 12.00 - - - - - - - - 12.16 12.00 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........... 10.58 10.00 - - - - - - - - 10.54 10.00 Welders and cutters. 9.90 9.50 - - - - - - - - 9.81 - Transportation and material moving occupations.......... 12.73 12.24 - - - - $11.35 $11.00 $13.22 $12.50 - - Truck drivers....... 10.67 10.82 - - - - 10.81 - - - 10.55 - Excavating and loading machine operators........... 12.24 12.00 - - - - - - 12.68 12.50 - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators... 14.88 15.00 - - - - - - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers......... $8.27 $7.75 $8.04 $7.75 $8.74 $8.00 $9.67 $10.00 $10.49 $8.50 $7.77 $7.50 Helpers, mechanics and repairers....... 8.22 - - - - - - - - - 8.22 - Helpers, construction trades. 7.66 7.50 7.30 - - - - - - - 7.50 7.00 Construction laborers............ 8.65 8.00 8.41 8.50 8.54 8.00 9.24 - 11.35 10.00 7.82 7.50 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, on-call pay, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same as or more and half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. 2 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 4. Paid holidays:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 30 69 1 29 95 $0.26 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 34 65 1 32 95 0.29 Construction trades occupations........... 28 71 1 27 94 0.24 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 9 91 - 9 - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. 12 88 - 12 - - Carpenters........... 20 80 - 19 95 0.17 Drywall installers... 2 98 - 2 - - Electricians......... 40 60 - 39 99 0.32 Electrician apprentices.......... 31 69 - 31 - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 35 65 - 34 97 0.22 Plasterers........... 5 87 8 5 - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 77 22 1 69 90 0.27 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 9 87 4 9 - - Roofers.............. 47 53 - 41 - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 40 59 2 39 - - Structural metal workers.............. 72 28 - 72 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 46 54 - 46 100 0.24 Supervisors, construction trades... 47 51 2 45 96 0.47 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 36 64 - 36 - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 33 67 - 33 - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 11 89 - 11 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 8 71 22 8 - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 89 11 - 89 100 $0.46 Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 54 46 - 51 94 0.49 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 64 32 4 62 97 0.26 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 73 27 - 73 100 0.30 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 87 9 4 83 95 0.27 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 77 20 3 67 86 0.28 Welders and cutters.. 65 31 4 51 80 0.23 Transportation and material moving occupations........... 9 91 - 9 100 $0.26 Truck drivers........ 14 86 - 14 - - Excavating and loading machine operators............ 7 93 - 7 100 0.25 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... - 100 - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 26 72 2 25 95 0.16 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 38 62 - 35 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 34 66 - 33 97 0.15 Construction laborers 20 77 2 19 93 0.16 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 5. Paid vacations:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 42 56 2 26 62 $0.34 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 46 52 2 33 71 0.38 Construction trades occupations........... 40 59 1 26 65 0.33 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 16 84 - 9 - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. 33 67 - 23 - - Carpenters........... 42 58 - 25 59 0.28 Drywall installers... 1 99 - 1 - - Electricians......... 51 49 - 30 60 0.34 Electrician apprentices.......... 53 47 - 16 - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 36 64 - 25 70 0.30 Plasterers........... 12 80 8 5 - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 80 19 1 62 77 0.36 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 47 48 4 23 49 0.37 Roofers.............. 41 59 - 33 82 0.18 Sheetmetal duct installers........... 51 47 2 33 65 0.31 Structural metal workers.............. 60 12 28 51 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 58 42 - 36 62 0.38 Supervisors, construction trades... 60 38 2 52 87 0.51 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 54 46 - 51 - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 60 40 - 46 78 - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 56 44 - 52 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... - 78 22 - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 89 11 - 89 100 $0.66 Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 66 34 - 56 85 0.52 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 80 16 4 64 80 0.36 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 73 27 - 69 94 0.37 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 90 6 4 65 72 0.37 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 41 48 11 27 67 - Welders and cutters.. 65 18 17 43 67 - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 44 56 - 14 - - Truck drivers........ 22 78 - 16 75 - Excavating and loading machine operators............ 54 46 - 11 - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 56 44 - 15 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 34 65 2 16 48 $0.21 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 47 53 - 24 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 42 58 - 18 43 0.17 Construction laborers 27 70 3 13 50 0.20 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 6. Paid sick leave:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 8 91 1 6 85 $0.21 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 10 89 1 8 87 0.24 Construction trades occupations........... 6 94 1 5 92 0.24 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... - 100 - - - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 3 97 - 3 - - Drywall installers... - 100 - - - - Electricians......... 10 90 - 10 - - Electrician apprentices.......... 13 87 - 13 - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 6 94 - 6 - - Plasterers........... - 92 8 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 13 87 - 9 73 0.16 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ - 96 4 - - - Roofers.............. - 100 - - - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 4 96 - 4 - - Structural metal workers.............. 54 46 - 54 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 13 87 - 13 - - Supervisors, construction trades... 28 70 2 22 80 0.26 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 30 70 - 30 - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 28 72 - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 8 92 - 8 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 8 71 22 8 - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 14 86 - 14 - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 35 65 - 29 83 $0.23 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 12 84 4 12 100 0.12 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 26 74 - 26 - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 14 82 4 14 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 24 76 - 8 - - Welders and cutters.. 38 62 - 13 - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 4 96 - 4 - - Truck drivers........ 6 94 - 6 - - Excavating and loading machine operators............ 1 99 - 1 - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 3 97 - 3 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 4 95 1 3 80 $0.08 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 11 89 - 11 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 5 95 - 4 76 - Construction laborers 3 95 2 2 93 - 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 7. Life insurance:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 28 68 4 20 70 $0.04 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 27 71 2 19 69 0.05 Construction trades occupations........... 26 72 2 17 66 0.05 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 11 89 - 5 - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 32 68 - 20 64 0.05 Drywall installers... 19 81 - 10 - - Electricians......... 47 53 - 37 78 0.05 Electrician apprentices.......... 82 18 - 68 84 0.03 Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 15 85 - 9 - - Plasterers........... 49 43 8 7 - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 22 77 1 17 - - Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 19 67 15 16 - - Roofers.............. - 100 - - - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 2 96 2 2 - - Structural metal workers.............. 68 18 14 68 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 17 76 7 8 50 - Supervisors, construction trades... 36 60 3 28 78 0.06 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 14 86 - 14 - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 40 60 - 15 - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 67 33 - 63 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 36 42 22 19 - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 8 92 - 8 - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 38 59 3 31 81 $0.06 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 20 76 4 15 75 0.03 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. - 100 - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 13 83 4 5 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 52 37 11 39 - - Welders and cutters.. 25 58 17 11 - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 65 35 - 59 90 $0.03 Truck drivers........ 64 36 - 56 88 0.03 Excavating and loading machine operators............ 60 40 - 53 - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 73 27 - 68 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 21 73 6 12 58 0.04 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 37 63 - 19 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 22 78 - 12 55 0.05 Construction laborers 21 68 11 13 59 0.03 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 8. Health insurance:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 63 35 2 37 59 $1.05 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 62 36 2 39 62 1.03 Construction trades occupations........... 57 41 2 33 57 1.05 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 35 65 - 10 - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. 40 60 - 17 - - Carpenters........... 60 40 - 32 54 0.90 Drywall installers... 57 43 - 13 22 0.49 Electricians......... 74 26 - 61 82 1.07 Electrician apprentices.......... 73 27 - 68 94 1.82 Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 29 71 - 13 44 1.28 Plasterers........... 63 29 8 10 16 0.46 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 81 18 1 67 82 1.01 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 58 27 15 39 68 0.87 Roofers.............. 36 64 - 18 - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 29 69 2 19 65 - Structural metal workers.............. 86 - 14 83 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 45 48 7 28 62 0.69 Supervisors, construction trades... 78 18 3 56 71 0.99 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 52 48 - 29 - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 87 13 - 49 57 - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 92 8 - 91 99 $1.34 Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 40 38 22 22 - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 89 11 - 83 93 1.24 Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 82 15 3 56 68 0.89 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 77 19 4 63 82 0.99 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 73 27 - 66 90 0.90 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 72 25 4 54 75 1.12 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 63 26 11 44 71 - Welders and cutters.. 42 41 17 20 - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 92 8 - 71 77 $1.20 Truck drivers........ 94 6 - 68 73 1.33 Excavating and loading machine operators............ 88 12 - 70 79 1.13 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 97 3 - 73 75 1.15 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 58 39 3 26 45 0.99 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 75 25 - 48 63 - Helpers, construction trades............... 52 48 - 23 45 1.00 Construction laborers 62 33 5 27 44 1.01 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 9. Short-term disability benefits:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 2 97 1 2 100 $0.03 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 1 98 1 1 100 0.03 Construction trades occupations........... 1 98 1 1 - - Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... - 100 - - - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 2 98 - 2 - - Drywall installers... - 100 - - - - Electricians......... - 100 - - - - Electrician apprentices.......... - 100 - - - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... - 100 - - - - Plasterers........... - 92 8 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 4 96 - 4 - - Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ - 96 4 - - - Roofers.............. - 100 - - - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... - 100 - - - - Structural metal workers.............. - 86 14 - - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ - 100 - - - - Supervisors, construction trades... 1 97 2 1 - - Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... - 78 22 - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 15 85 - 15 - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 1 99 - 1 - - Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 2 94 4 2 - - Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. - 100 - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ - 96 4 - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ - 92 8 - - - Welders and cutters.. - 87 13 - - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 3 97 - 3 - - Truck drivers........ 5 95 - 5 - - Excavating and loading machine operators............ - 100 - - - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... - 100 - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 3 95 2 3 100 $0.04 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ - 100 - - - - Helpers, construction trades............... 8 92 - 8 - - Construction laborers 1 97 3 1 - - 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 10. Long-term disablity benefits:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 2 95 2 2 - - Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 2 96 2 2 - - Construction trades occupations........... 2 97 2 1 - - Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... - 100 - - - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 4 96 - 4 - - Drywall installers... - 100 - - - - Electricians......... - 100 - - - - Electrician apprentices.......... - 100 - - - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... - 100 - - - - Plasterers........... - 92 8 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... - 100 - - - - Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ - 85 15 - - - Roofers.............. - 100 - - - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... - 100 - - - - Structural metal workers.............. - 86 14 - - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 1 92 7 1 - - Supervisors, construction trades... 6 91 3 6 - - Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 4 96 - 4 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... - 78 22 - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 9 88 3 8 - - Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... - 96 4 - - - Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. - 100 - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ - 96 4 - - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ - 92 8 - - - Welders and cutters.. - 87 13 - - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 6 94 - 6 - - Truck drivers........ - 100 - - - - Excavating and loading machine operators............ - 100 - - - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 20 80 - 20 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 2 95 3 2 - - Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ - 100 - - - - Helpers, construction trades............... 3 97 - 3 - - Construction laborers 3 93 5 3 - - 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 11. Defined benefit retirement:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 5 93 2 5 99 $1.60 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 6 92 2 6 99 1.97 Construction trades occupations........... 5 93 2 5 99 2.05 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... - 100 - - - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 4 96 - 4 - - Drywall installers... - 100 - - - - Electricians......... 21 79 - 21 100 1.89 Electrician apprentices.......... 60 40 - 54 - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... - 100 - - - - Plasterers........... - 92 8 - - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 7 93 - 7 - - Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ - 85 15 - - - Roofers.............. - 100 - - - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 12 88 - 12 - - Structural metal workers.............. 68 18 14 68 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ - 93 7 - - - Supervisors, construction trades... 4 92 3 4 - - Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 51 49 - 51 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... - 78 22 - - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... - 100 - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 1 97 3 1 - - Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 10 86 4 10 - - Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. - 100 - - - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 11 85 4 11 - - Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ - 92 8 - - - Welders and cutters.. - 87 13 - - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 3 97 - 3 - - Truck drivers........ 5 95 - 5 - - Excavating and loading machine operators............ - 100 - - - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... - 100 - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 5 92 3 5 - - Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 14 86 - 14 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 3 97 - 3 - - Construction laborers 7 89 5 7 - - 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 12. Defined contribution retirement:(1) Access, participation, and employer costs(2) for blue-collar occupations, all workers, construction industries,(3) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Percent of employees: Percent Employer Percent of cost for of employees the employees with benefit Occupation(4) With Without Access particip- access per hour access to access to not ating in particip- worked the the determin- the ating in per benefit benefit able benefit the particip- benefit ant All blue-collar occupations...... 30 68 2 16 53 $0.67 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 29 68 2 16 55 0.82 Construction trades occupations........... 26 72 2 14 54 0.77 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 20 80 - 7 - - Tile setters, hard and soft............. - 100 - - - - Carpenters........... 24 76 - 10 43 0.84 Drywall installers... 5 95 - 2 - - Electricians......... 35 65 - 21 60 0.66 Electrician apprentices.......... - 100 - - - - Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 12 88 - 6 - - Plasterers........... 36 57 8 18 - - Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 42 58 - 34 80 0.56 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 32 53 15 14 44 0.56 Roofers.............. 22 78 - 17 - - Sheetmetal duct installers........... 34 66 - 7 - - Structural metal workers.............. 68 18 14 68 - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 18 75 7 10 58 - Supervisors, construction trades... 33 63 3 20 61 1.18 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 18 82 - - - - Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 11 89 - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 41 59 - 10 - - Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 36 42 22 18 - - Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 32 68 - 32 - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 37 61 3 26 70 $1.09 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 48 49 4 26 55 0.54 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 21 79 - 13 - - Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 51 45 4 30 59 0.50 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 12 79 8 1 - - Welders and cutters.. 19 67 13 2 - - Transportation and material moving occupations........... 63 37 - 38 60 $0.35 Truck drivers........ 61 39 - 35 57 0.44 Excavating and loading machine operators............ 60 40 - 34 - - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 76 24 - 49 - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 23 74 3 10 44 0.49 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 53 47 - 14 - - Helpers, construction trades............... 18 82 - 7 38 0.43 Construction laborers 21 74 5 9 41 0.68 1 See technical note for definition of benefits. 2 The percent of employees with access to the benefit are those employees in an occupation who currently have, or eventually will be eligible for, the benefit. This includes employees who have not yet met an eligibility requirement or who do not make required contributions. Participation in a benefit is computed in two different ways: as a percent of all employees and as a percent of those employees with access to the benefit. Both of these calculations are presented in the table. The employer cost for the benefit is calculated by determining the annual cost per participant and dividing by annual hours worked. Cost per participant estimates in this publication differ from those produced in the Bureau's Employer Cost for Employee Compensation (ECEC) survey. See the technical note for further information on access, participation, and employer cost. 3 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 4 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Table 13. Number of blue-collar workers,(1) by occupational group and construction industries,(2) Tucson, AZ, May 1998 Resident- Nonresid- Highway Heavy Special All ial ential and construc- trade Occupation(3) construc- building building street tion, contract- tion construc- construc- construc- except ors tion tion tion highway All blue-collar occupations...... 12,712 863 642 630 848 9,729 Precision production, craft, and repair occupations........... 7,631 449 376 232 154 6,421 Construction trades occupations........... 5,820 340 229 131 80 5,040 Brickmasons and stonemasons.......... 233 - - - - 199 Tile setters, hard and soft............. 73 - - - - 73 Carpenters........... 1,125 142 149 - - 832 Drywall installers... 903 - - - - 888 Electricians......... 358 - - - - 351 Electrician apprentices.......... 78 - - - - 65 Painters, construction and maintenance.......... 562 - - - - 543 Plasterers........... 255 - - - - 229 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 567 - - - - 550 Concrete and terrazzo finishers............ 398 - - - - 336 Roofers.............. 182 - - - - 172 Sheetmetal duct installers........... 226 - - - - 222 Structural metal workers.............. 92 - - - - - Construction trades, N.E.C................ 292 78 - - 50 148 Supervisors, construction trades... 1,179 109 147 - - 798 Supervisors; brickmasons, stonemasons, and tilesetters.......... 95 - - - - 87 Supervisors; carpenters and related workers...... 84 - - - - - Supervisors; electricians and power transmission installers........... 92 - - - - 92 Supervisors; painters, paperhangers, and plasterers........... 92 - - - - 67 Supervisors; plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......... 83 - - - - - Supervisors; construction trades, N.E.C................ 732 75 127 - - 449 Other precision production, craft, and repair occupations.... 632 - - - - 582 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment. 79 - - - - 79 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics............ 323 - - - - 323 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors............ 153 - - - - 149 Welders and cutters.. 97 - - - - 93 Transportation and material moving occupations........... 972 - - 213 197 - Truck drivers........ 294 - - 166 - 109 Excavating and loading machine operators............ 349 - - - 106 - Grader, dozer, and scraper operators.... 290 - - - - - Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.............. 3,955 408 183 181 497 2,686 Helpers, mechanics and repairers........ 52 - - - - 52 Helpers, construction trades............... 1,446 136 - - - 1,237 Construction laborers 2,153 272 164 137 374 1,205 1 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-hour week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments. See technical note for more information. 3 A classification system including about 200 individual occupations is used to cover all blue-collar workers in construction industries. Individual occupations are classified into one of four major occupational groups. Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number sampled, Tucson, AZ,(1) May 1998 Number of Workers in establishments establishments Industry(2) Within Within scope of Sampled scope of Sampled survey(3) survey(4) All construction... 1,660 450 15,104 10,253 Residential building construction(5)..... 361 1,465 695 Nonresidential building construction........ 104 933 780 Highway and street construction........ 472 739 Heavy construction, except highway...... 919 790 Special trade contractors......... 1,127 329 11,315 7,249 1 The Tucson Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget through October 1994, consists of Pima county. The "workers within scope of survey" estimates provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison with other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels since planning of wage surveys requires establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied. 2 The 1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by this type of construction. See appendix for more information. 3 Includes all private construction establishments within the Tucson area. 4 Includes white-collar, blue-collar, and service workers in private construction establishments working within the Tucson area. 5 Includes operative builders engaged in the construction of single-family houses and other buildings for sale on their own account rather than as contractors.