WPCsi 2 B5JCourierNew Century SchoolbookNew Century Schoolbook Italic#|yolbookAPLASIIN.PRSx  @hhhhPijX@#|y25< ZqZrXNew Century SchoolbookNew Century Schoolbook ItalicApple LaserWriter IINTAPLASIIN.PRS0y P['ChhhhPijXPčzCyCyd)ooYsdCkz?;w?zdsoY]Nzkkk`CyCyC8CC!CCCCCCCCCCs?oooooȟYddddQ?Q?Q?Q?zddddzzzzkosddkdsoooYYYYsddddkkkkkkzzQ?Q?Q?Q?ow?????zzzzddȧYYY~]~]~]~]NNNzzzzzzĜkz`z`z`s?zY~]NkksdzNy8yd;YUUoooC  Block QuoteSingle spaced indented quote XOutlineBOutline with Bullets* I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)-*+x-*+x-*+xҲPoolPool memo formatQ_,   =      ?0 Preliminary MemorandumăD(#OutlineNOutline with Numbersܸ-} I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1. 1.(1) 1.(1) 1. 1) 1. 1. 1.(1) 1.(1) 1. 1) 1. 1. 1.(1) 1.(1) 1. 1) 1.Ҳ2hs;Xenvelope9 x 4 legal. `   3'3'Standard,,Envelope`   , LetterheadReporter's Office v |L #d*0 xM7[#Supreme Court of the United States Reporter of Decisions Office  |L EWashington, D. 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COLLINS &Syllabusk0SYLCT-A#o P['Cn&P#  f GRAHAM v. COLLINS, DIRECTOR, TEXAS t DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION *i/SYLCT-B- #o P['Cn&P#  fdf < certiorari to the united states court of appeals for "the fifth circuit  uB *cSYLCT-C #[ P['CdP# df  No. 91!7580. Argued October 14, 1992"Decided January 25, 1993 *bSYLCT-D#[ P['CdP#d  uBA *,  d , , Petitioner Graham's capital murder conviction and death sentence became final in 1984. After unsuccessfully seeking postconviction relief in the Texas state courts, he filed this habeas corpus action in  uBf Federal District Court, alleging, inter alia, that the three ``special issues'' his sentencing jury was required to answer under the state capitalsentencing statute then in existence prevented the jury from giving effect, consistent with the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, to mitigating evidence of his youth, unstable family background, and positive character traits. In affirming the District Court's denial of relief, the Court of Appeals reviewed this Court's holdings on the constitutional requirement that a sentencer be permitted to consider and act upon any relevant mitigating evidence put forth by a capital defendant, and then ruled that Graham's jury could give adequate mitigating effect to the evidence in question by way of answering the special issues.Ƭ  uB \SYLCT-E , , ( (  *  ( ( Held:ĠGraham's claim is barred because the relief he seeks would require announcement of a new rule of constitutional law, in  uB contravention of the principles set forth in Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 301 (plurality opinion). Pp.5!17.ư  uB 7SYLCT-F ( ( ,  T T (a)A holding that was not ``dictated by precedent existing at the time the defendant's conviction became final'' constitutes a ``new  uBn rule,'' ibid., which, absent the applicability of one of two exceptions,  uB% cannot be applied or announced in a case on collateral review, Penry  uB v. Lynaugh, 492 U.S. 302, 313. Thus, the determinative question is whether reasonable jurists hearing Graham's claim in 1984 ``would have felt compelled by existing precedent'' to rule in his favor. SeeJ "1!"((  uB Saffle v. Parks, 494 U.S. 484, 488. Pp.5!6. T T (b)It cannot be said that reasonable jurists hearing Graham's  uBn claim in 1984 would have felt that existing precedent ``dictated''  uB% vacatur of his death sentence within Teague's meaning. To the  uB contrary, the joint opinion of Justices Stewart, Powell, and Stevens,  uB in Jurek v. Texas, 428 U.S. 262, 270!276, could reasonably be read as having upheld the constitutionality of the very statutory scheme under which Graham was sentenced, including the socalled ``special issues,'' only after being satisfied that the petitioner's mitigating evidence, including his age, would be given constitutionally adequate consideration in the course of the jury's deliberation on the special  uB issues. Moreover, Lockett v. Ohio, 438 U.S. 586, 605!606 (plurality  uB opinion), expressly embraced the Jurek holding, and Eddings v.  uBK Oklahoma, 455 U.S. 104, signaled no retreat from that conclusion. Thus, it is likely that reasonable jurists in 1984 would have found that, under these cases, the Texas statute satisfied the commands of the Eighth Amendment: it permitted Graham to place before the jury whatever mitigating evidence he could show, including his age, while focusing the jury's attention upon what that evidence revealed about his capacity for deliberation and prospects for rehabilitation. Nothing in this Court's post1984 cases, to the extent they are  uB relevant, would undermine this analysis. Even if Penry, supra, upon which Graham chiefly relies, reasonably could be read to suggest that his mitigating evidence was not adequately considered under the Texas procedures, that does not answer the determinative question  uB under Teague. Pp.6!16. T T (c)The new rule that Graham seeks would not fall within either of  uBM the Teague exceptions. The first exception plainly has no application here because Graham's rule would neither decriminalize a class of conduct nor prohibit the imposition of capital punishment on a  uBr particular class of persons. See Saffle, supra, at 495. The second exception, for watershed rules implicating fundamental fairness and accuracy, is also inapplicable, since denying Graham special jury instructions concerning his mitigating evidence would not seriously diminish the likelihood of obtaining an accurate determination in his  uB sentencing proceeding. See Butler v. McKellar, 494 U.S. 407, 416. Pp.16!17. m*SYLCT-G , , ,  s*  , , 950 F.2d 1009, affirmed.Ƭ  uBT cSYLCT-H , , ( (  T  White, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Rehnquist,  uB C.J., and Scalia, Kennedy, and Thomas, JJ., joined. Thomas, J., filed  uBX a concurring opinion. Stevens, J., filed a dissenting opinion. Souter,  uB J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Blackmun, Stevens, and  uB O'Connor, JJ., joined."D  Ԍ