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BMBL Section VIIAgent Summary Statements
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Biosafety Documents | BMBL Table of Contents |
| Aino | Akabanec | Banna a,f | Bhanja |
| Central Eur. TBEb,d | (Kumlinge. Hypr, Hanzalova, Absettarov) | Chikungunya c,d | Cocal |
| Dhori | Dobrava-Belgrade | Dugbe | Everglades c,d |
| Flexal | Germiston c | Getah | Hantaanh |
| Israel Turkey mening. | Japanese enc.h | Juninc,d,h | Kairi |
| Kimberley | Koutango | Kumlinge (Cent Eur. TBE) |
Louping Ill a,c,h |
| Mayaro | Middelburg | Mobala | Mopeia e |
| Mucambo c,d | Murray Valley enc. | Nairobi sheep disease a | Ndumu |
| Negishi | Oropouche c | Orungo | Peaton |
| Piry | Powassan | Puumala | Rift Valley fever a,c,d,h |
| Rocio c | Sagiyama | Sal Vieja | San Perlita |
| Semliki Forest | Seoul | Sin Nombre | Spondweni |
| St. Louis enc. | Thogoto | Turuna | Venezuelan equine encephalitis c,d,h |
| Vesicular stomatitis (Alagoas) h | Wesselsbron a,c | West Nile | Yellow fever c,d |
| Zinga g |
a The importation, possession, or use of this agent is restricted by USDA regulation or administrative policy. See Appendix D.
b Central European Tick Borne Encephalitis virus (CETBE) is not a registered name in The International Catalogue of Arboviruses-1985. Until the registration issue has been resolved taxonomically, CETBE refers to the following group of very closely related, if not essentially identical, tick-borne flaviviruses isolated from Czechoslovakia, Finland and Russia: Absettarov, Hanzalova, Hypr, and Kumlinge. These four viruses are antigenically homogeneous and are distinguishable from Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis (RSSE) virus.(1)(2)(3) While there is a vaccine available which confers immunity to the CETBE group of genetically (>98%) homogeneous viruses, the efficacy of this vaccine against RSSE virus infections has not been established. Thus, SALS has reclassified the CETBE group of viruses as Biosafety Level 3 when personnel are immunized with CETBE vaccine. RSSE remains classified as a Biosafety Level 4 virus.
c SALS recommends that work with this agent be conducted only in Biosafety Level 3 facilities which provide for HEPA filtration of all exhaust air prior to discharge from the laboratory.
d A vaccine is available and is recommended for all persons working with this agent.
e This virus is presently being registered in the Catalogue of Arboviruses.
f Scientists from the People's Republic of China have verbally reported Banna virus to be associated with severe human cases of encephalitis. Translations of the original publications from Chinese into English were not available for this revision.
g Zinga is now recognized to be identical with Rift Valley Fever virus.
h Export permit required from Department of Commerce.
An importation or domestic transfer permit for this agent can be obtained from USDA/APHIS/VS.
1. Heinz, FX, Kunz, C: Molecular epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis virus: peptide mapping of large non-structural proteins of European isolates and comparison with other flaviviruses. J. Gen. Virol., 62 : 271, 1982
2. Calisher, CH: Antigenic classification and taxonomy of flaviviruses (Family Flaviviridae) emphasizing a universal system for the taxonomy of viruses causing tick-borne encephalitis. Acta virol. 32 : 469, 1988
3. Wallner, G, Mandl, CW, Ecker, M , Holzman, H , Stiasny, K , Kunz, C , and Heinz, FX: Characterization and complete genome sequences of high- and low-virulence variants of tick-borne encephalitis virus. J. Gen. Virol: 77 1035, 1996
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