References and Resources
Orf Virus Infection in Humans --- New York, Illinois, California, and Tennessee, 2004--2005
MMWR. Vol. 55, No. 3; 65-68 January 27, 2006
This report summarizes the epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of four sporadic cases of human orf infection, emphasizing the temporal association between human lesions and skin trauma or recent flock vaccination with live orf vaccine. This zoonotic infection shares clinical manifestations and exposure risks with other, potentially life-threatening zoonoses (e.g., cutaneous anthrax) and is likely under-recognized because of a lack of clinical suspicion and widely available diagnostics. Barrier precautions and proper hand hygiene are recommended for the prevention of orf virus infection in humans.
Compendium of Measures To Prevent Disease Associated with Animals in Public Settings, 2005
MMWR Recommendations and Reports. Vol. 54, RR-04; 1-12 March 25, 2005
This report provides standardized recommendations for public health officials, veterinarians, animal venue operators, animal exhibitors, visitors to animal venues and exhibits, and others concerned with disease-control and with minimizing risks associated with animals in public settings.
Page last modified: February 14, 2007
Page last reviewed: February 14, 2007