FR Doc E8-2576
[Federal Register: February 13, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 30)]
[Notices]
[Page 8357-8358]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr13fe08-122]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion: Denver Museum of Nature &
Science, Denver, CO
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human remains and associated funerary
objects in the control of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science,
Denver, CO. The human remains and associated funerary objects were
removed from Arapahoe and Weld Counties, CO.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3).
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the Native
American human remains and associated funerary objects. The National
Park Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by Denver
Museum of Nature & Science professional staff in consultation with the
Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Cheyenne-Arapaho
Tribes of Oklahoma; Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River
Reservation, South Dakota; Comanche Nation of Oklahoma; Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico; Kiowa Indian Tribe of
Oklahoma; Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian
Reservation, Montana; Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation,
South Dakota; Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah
(Cedar City Band of Paiutes, Kanosh Band of Paiutes, Koosharem Band of
Paiutes, Indian Peaks Band of Paiutes, and Shivwits Band of Paiutes);
Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma; Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the Rosebud Indian
Reservation, South Dakota; Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa;
Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation,
Oklahoma; Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation,
Colorado; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; and Ute
Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain Reservation, Colorado, New Mexico &
Utah.
In 1972, human remains representing a minimum of one individual
were removed from a construction site on private land in Aurora,
Arapahoe County, CO, by the County Coroner for the Department of Health
and Hospitals and turned over to the museum (DMNS catalogue numbers
A786.1-9). No known individual was identified. The 12 associated
funerary objects are 6 vials of white and light blue Italian glass pony
beads (including one soil sample with beads intermixed); strands of an
animal's hair; fragments of 1 metal belt buckle; and 4 sets of
fragments of textiles, probably wool.
Osteological characteristics indicate that the individual is Native
American. During the first half of the 19th century the larger Italian
glass seed beads were widely traded from the Upper Missouri River
Valley south into the Great Plains and were used by Indian tribes of
the Colorado High Plains. The textile fragments are a basic twill and
plain weave in simple stripe patterns using hand spun yarns. Analysis
suggests that the textiles could have originated from any of the
Navajo, Pueblo, or Spanish American weaving areas of the Southwest.
Textiles from these areas were commonly traded to the Plains Indians
throughout the 19th century. On the basis of the funerary objects
associated with the human remains, the estimated date of the burial is
between A.D. 1800 and 1860.
In 1939, human remains representing a minimum of two individuals
were removed from a construction site two miles west of Johnston, Weld
County, CO, by unknown parties associated with the Works Progress
Administration. Later that same year, Forest L. Powers of the Works
Progress Administration donated the human remains to the museum (DMNS
catalogue numbers A53.1-15). No known individuals were identified. The
19 associated funerary objects are 2 fragments of copper wire; 1
fragment of a wooden bow; 1 catlinite pipe bowl fragment; 1 leather
clothing fragment with blue pony beads; rusted fragments of 1 metal
animal trap; 1 rusted commercial coffee grinder; 1 leather belt, in
pieces; 1 leather bag, in fragments, with possible human ribs embedded;
4 woodpecker beaks; 2 bird bones; 1 belt buckle; 1 leather sheath;
fragments of 1 leather strap; and fragments of 1 piece of cloth.
Osteological characteristics indicate that the individuals are
Native American. Copper stains near the mastoid processes of one
individual suggest that the individual wore copper ear ornaments, which
supports Native American identification for the human remains. The
associated funerary objects are consistent with possible belongings of
Indian people of Colorado during the mid-1800s. The items include
traditional items of Native gathering, construction, and use, as well
as Euro-American trade items. Catlinite pipes were widely traded from
the Minnesota mine source to tribes throughout the Great Plains. The
Euro-American artifacts date from the mid-19th century. On the basis of
the funerary objects associated with the human remains, the estimated
date of the burials is between A.D. 1840 and 1870.
A 2001 map published by the Colorado Commission of Indian Affairs,
The Estimated Tribal Territories in Colorado during the Late Nineteenth
Century, shows that the two locations from which the human remains were
removed were within the historic territories of the Arapaho, Cheyenne,
Jicarilla Apache, Kiowa, Lakota (Sioux), and Pawnee peoples.
Consultation with the Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute
Reservation, Colorado and Ute Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain
Reservation, Colorado, New Mexico & Utah established that the Ute
tribes also used the area from which the human remains were removed.
Historic records and statements from members of the consulted tribes
further corroborate the presence of Arapaho, Cheyenne, Jicarilla
Apache, Kiowa, Lakota (Sioux), Pawnee peoples, in or near the area
during the Protohistoric and Historic periods. Documentary evidence
suggests Iowa, Ottawa, and Paiute peoples in or near the area during
the Protohistoric and Historic periods. Descendants of the Arapaho,
Cheyenne, Jicarilla Apache, Iowa, Lakota, Ottawa, Paiute, Pawnee, and
Ute are members of the Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River Reservation,
[[Page 8358]]
Wyoming; Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma; Cheyenne River Sioux
Tribe of the Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota; Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico; Kiowa Indian Tribe of
Oklahoma; Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian
Reservation, Montana; Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation,
South Dakota; Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah;
Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma; Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the Rosebud Indian
Reservation, South Dakota; Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa;
Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation,
Oklahoma; Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation,
Colorado; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; and Ute
Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain Reservation, Colorado, New Mexico &
Utah.
Officials of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science have determined
that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (9-10), the human remains described
above represent the physical remains of three individuals of Native
American ancestry. Officials of Denver Museum of Nature & Science also
have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (3)(A), the 31 objects
described above are reasonably believed to have been placed with or
near individual human remains at the time of death or later as part of
the death rite or ceremony. Lastly, officials of the Denver Museum of
Nature & Science officials have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (2), there is a relationship of shared group identity that can be
reasonably traced between the Native American human remains and
associated funerary objects and the Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River
Reservation, Wyoming; Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma; Cheyenne
River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota; Iowa
Tribe of Oklahoma; Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico; Kiowa Indian
Tribe of Oklahoma; Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne
Indian Reservation, Montana; Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge
Reservation, South Dakota; Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Paiute Indian
Tribe of Utah; Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma; Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the
Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota; Sac & Fox Tribe of the
Mississippi in Iowa; Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and
Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation, Oklahoma; Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the
Southern Ute Reservation, Colorado; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North
& South Dakota; and Ute Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain Reservation,
Colorado, New Mexico & Utah.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the human remains and associated funerary
objects should contact Dr. Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh, Denver Museum of
Nature & Science, 2001 Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO 80205, telephone
(303) 370-6378, before March 14, 2008. Repatriation to the Arapahoe
Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes
of Oklahoma; Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River
Reservation, South Dakota; Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Jicarilla Apache
Nation, New Mexico; Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma; Northern Cheyenne
Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana; Oglala
Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota; Ottawa Tribe
of Oklahoma; Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah; Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma;
Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota;
Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa; Sac & Fox Nation of
Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation, Oklahoma; Southern
Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation, Colorado; Standing
Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; and Ute Mountain Tribe of the
Ute Mountain Reservation, Colorado, New Mexico & Utah may proceed after
that date if no additional claimants come forward.
The Denver Museum of Nature & Science is responsible for notifying
the Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Cheyenne-
Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma; Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne
River Reservation, South Dakota; Comanche Nation of Oklahoma; Iowa
Tribe of Oklahoma; Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico; Kiowa Indian
Tribe of Oklahoma; Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne
Indian Reservation, Montana; Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge
Reservation, South Dakota; Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma; Paiute Indian
Tribe of Utah; Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma; Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the
Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota; Sac & Fox Tribe of the
Mississippi in Iowa; Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and
Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation, Oklahoma; Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the
Southern Ute Reservation, Colorado; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North
& South Dakota; and Ute Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain Reservation,
Colorado, New Mexico & Utah that this notice has been published.
Dated: January 9, 2008.
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. E8-2576 Filed 2-12-08; 8:45 am]
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