FR Doc E8-24964[Federal Register: October 21, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 204)]
[Notices]
[Page 62538-62539]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr21oc08-95]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion: University of Denver Department
of Anthropology and Museum of Anthropology, Denver, CO; Correction
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice; correction.
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Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the
completion of an inventory of human remains and associated funerary
objects in the possession of the University of Denver Department of
Anthropology and Museum of Anthropology, Denver, CO.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003 (d)(3).
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the cultural
items. The National Park Service is not responsible for the
determinations in this notice.
The notice corrects the cultural affiliation of a minimum of six
individuals that were described in a Notice of Inventory Completion
published in the Federal Register of October 4, 2001, (FR Doc 01-24931,
pages 50676-50677). After further consideration of museum records,
morphological evidence, and tribal consultation, officials of the
University of Denver Department of Anthropology and Museum of
Anthropology have determined that there is not sufficient available
evidence to lead to a reasonable determination that the six individuals
(catalog numbers DU6061, DU6068, DU6069, DU6070, and DU6181) are
culturally affiliated, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), and therefore
are culturally unidentifiable.
Museum officials contracted a research archeologist and conducted
additional consultations since October 4, 2001, with representatives of
the Hopi Tribe of Arizona; Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico & Utah;
Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico (formerly the Pueblo of San Juan); Pueblo of
Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo of Cochiti, New Mexico; Pueblo of Isleta, New
Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez, New Mexico; Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico; Pueblo of Sandia, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Santa Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa Clara, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Taos, New Mexico; Pueblo of Tesuque, New Mexico; Pueblo of Zia, New
Mexico; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico. Reports and
correspondence was also conducted with representatives from Pueblo of
Picuris, New Mexico; Pueblo of San Felipe, New Mexico; Pueblo of San
Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico; and Ysleta
Del Sur Pueblo of Texas.
Field notes for the human remains representing the six individuals
do not exist. The collector, Dr. E.B. Renaud, founder of the University
of Denver Department of Anthropology, identified the individuals as
"Pueblo," due to cranial reshaping that resulted from
"cradleboarding." Officials at the University of Denver Department of
Anthropology and Museum of Anthropology recognize that scholars have
historically attributed the activity of cradleboarding to Pueblo
Tribes, but during consultation, Pueblo officials cited examples of
other groups who used cradleboards. In the absence of specific
archeological dates or any location information, tribal representatives
agreed that cranial flattening was not specifically a Pueblo cultural
practice.
In the Federal Register of October 4, 2001, (FR Doc. 01-24931,
pages 50676-50677), the Notice of Inventory Completion is corrected by
deleting paragraph numbers 4 and 5 that describe the six individuals;
and substituting paragraphs 6 to 9 with the following paragraphs:
In 1939, human remains representing a minimum of one individual
(catalog number 1995.1.1) were collected by Theodore Sowers, a graduate
of the University of Denver. In 1995, his daughters donated the human
remains to the University of Denver so that they could be repatriated.
No known individual was identified. The 42 associated funerary objects
are 9
[[Page 62539]]
projectile points (stemmed, side notched, and corner notched); 1 stone
pipe (also identified during consultation as a ``cloud blower''); 1
bone tool (also identified during consultation as a turkey call); 3
stone knives; 3 stone scrapers; 1 sinker; 2 stone drills; 3 bone awls;
5 flaked tools; 1 flake; 8 unworked stone; 3 fossils; 1 copper ore
fragment; and 1 piece of sulfur.
The human remains and associated funerary objects were originally
described as being recovered from Mesa Portales, Sandoval County, NM,
however, additional research has uncovered labels and box tags that
also indicate Dinwoody Cave and Folsom, NM. The labeling ambiguity
makes it impossible to identify a site. However, a determination on
cultural affiliation can be reached through the associated funerary
objects.
Diagnostic artifacts appear to span the time period between 6,000
B.C. and A.D. 500, based on a comparison of five projectile points
associated with the human remains and the typology established by
Cynthia Irwin-Williams (1973). The projectile points are interpreted to
correspond to the Oshara Tradition, and to reflect the transition from
Archaic to Ancestral Puebloan adaptations. Specifically, the projectile
points include stemmed, corner-notched, and side-notched tools that
appear to be of the Jay, Bajada, San Jose, Armijo, and En Medio types
characterized by Dr. Irwin-Williams. Exploitation of large, medium, and
small sized fauna, along with natural floral resources is reflected by
the earlier point styles. The later Armijo and En Medio styles suggest
a time period where the exploitation of natural and domestic flora was
practiced. The transition from the Oshara tradition to the Ancestral
Puebloan is fluid according to Dr. Irwin-Williams. The projectile
points were also identified as Pueblo by several tribal
representatives. The remainder of the assemblage associated with the
individual contains bone and other stone tools that mirror the
collection of projectile points from the site and indicate a
transitional and likely multi-component occupation of the site where
they were collected. It should be noted that the presence of bone tools
could indicate that human remains and funerary objects were recovered
from a cave or otherwise sheltered environment that allowed their
preservation.
Museum officials have concluded that the material culture and the
expert opinion of tribal representatives and scholars support an
Ancestral Puebloan cultural affiliation for the one individual. The
scientific literature provides significant evidence of cultural
affiliation between ancestral Puebloan culture and the Pueblos of
today. Descendants of Puebloan culture are members of the Hopi Tribe of
Arizona; Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico (formerly the Pueblo of San Juan);
Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo of Cochiti, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Isleta, New Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez, New Mexico; Pueblo of Laguna, New
Mexico; Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico; Pueblo of Picuris, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Pojoaque, New Mexico; Pueblo of San Felipe, New Mexico;
Pueblo of San Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo of Sandia, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Santa Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa Clara, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico; Pueblo of Taos, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Tesuque, New Mexico; Pueblo of Zia, New Mexico; Ysleta Del Sur
Pueblo of Texas; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico.
Officials of the University of Denver Department of Anthropology
and Museum of Anthropology have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (9-10), the human remains described above represent the physical
remains of a minimum of one individual of Native American ancestry.
Officials of the University of Denver Department of Anthropology and
Museum of Anthropology also have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C.
3001 (3)(A), the 42 objects described above are reasonably believed to
have been placed with or near individual human remains at the time of
death or later as part of the death rite or ceremony. Lastly, officials
of the University of Denver Department of Anthropology and Museum of
Anthropology have determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), the
preponderance of the evidence supports a relationship of shared group
identity that can be reasonably traced between the Native American
human remains and associated funerary objects and the Hopi Tribe of
Arizona; Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Cochiti, New Mexico; Pueblo of Isleta, New Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico; Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Picuris, New Mexico; Pueblo of Pojoaque, New Mexico; Pueblo
of San Felipe, New Mexico; Pueblo of San Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Sandia, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Clara, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico; Pueblo of Taos,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Tesuque, New Mexico; Pueblo of Zia, New Mexico;
Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo of Texas; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation,
New Mexico.
Representatives of any other Indian tribe that believes itself to
be culturally affiliated with the human remains and associated funerary
objects should contact Dr. Christina Kreps, University of Denver Museum
of Anthropology, Sturm 146, Denver, CO 80208, telephone (303) 871-2688,
before November 20, 2008. Repatriation of the human remains and
associated funerary objects to the Hopi Tribe of Arizona; Ohkay
Owingeh, New Mexico; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo of Cochiti,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Isleta, New Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico; Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Picuris, New Mexico; Pueblo of Pojoaque, New Mexico; Pueblo of San
Felipe, New Mexico; Pueblo of San Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo of
Sandia, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Clara, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico; Pueblo of Taos,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Tesuque, New Mexico; Pueblo of Zia, New Mexico;
Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo of Texas; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation,
New Mexico may proceed after that date if no additional claimants come
forward.
The University of Denver Museum of Anthropology is responsible for
notifying the Hopi Tribe of Arizona; Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico
& Utah; Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico; Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Cochiti, New Mexico; Pueblo of Isleta, New Mexico; Pueblo of Jemez,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Laguna, New Mexico; Pueblo of Nambe, New Mexico;
Pueblo of Picuris, New Mexico; Pueblo of Pojoaque, New Mexico; Pueblo
of San Felipe, New Mexico; Pueblo of San Ildefonso, New Mexico; Pueblo
of Sandia, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa Ana, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santa
Clara, New Mexico; Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico; Pueblo of Taos,
New Mexico; Pueblo of Tesuque, New Mexico; Pueblo of Zia, New Mexico;
Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo of Texas; and Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation,
New Mexico.
Dated: February 13, 2008
Sherry Hutt,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
Editorial Note: This document was received at the Office of the
Federal Register October 16, 2008.
[FR Doc. E8-24964 Filed 10-20-08; 8:45 am]
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