"Potomac Boat Club."
1919. National Photo Company Collection.
LC-USZ62-92402 DLC
(b&w film copy neg.)
bibliographic
record |
Creating a Web site as large and complex as the American Women
gateway required the support and expertise of dozens of staff throughout
the Library of Congress. First there were all the people who made
the online site possible, but equally important were all the people
who had labored to produce the earlier print version of American
Women: A Library of Congress Guide for the Study of Women's History
and Culture in the United States, the text of which forms the
Research Guide portion of the gateway, by far the most extensive
part of the site.
The first part of the Acknowledgments identifies those who worked
on the overall American Women Web site, followed by acknowledgments
related specifically to the creation of the Research Guide portion,
in both its print and online iterations.
Project Coordinators: Barbara Orbach Natanson (Prints and
Photographs Division) and Dominique Pickett (Information Technology
Services). Barbara Natanson represented the American Women
project at meetings of the Library's digital conversion specialists
and the American Memory Technical Review Committee, and she served
as the team's liaison to the Conservation Office and the Information
Technology Services (ITS) Digital Scan Lab. Among other tasks, she prepared
specialized scanning instructions and organized the delivery and
digitizing of materials; coordinated the quality review and placement
of the files into appropriate digital directories and the placement
of the scanned images into the correct Web pages; coordinated the
creation or editing of bibliographic records for newly digitized
materials; and aided in integrating those bibliographic records
into an American Memory search engine. She also collaborated with
the Core Project Team on site design and section revisions, contributed
to the writing of framework and publicity materials, and provided
expertise on rights to pictorial materials. Dominique Pickett (Information
Technology Services) oversaw all aspects of the technical production
of the American Women Web site. She was responsible for the
Web site design and construction, including the graphic design and
the HTML and XML encoding. She coordinated the work of others in
ITS who assisted on the project, including especially Mary Ambrosio,
Laura Graham, and Catherine Young (see below).
Core Project Team: Mary Ambrosio (Information Technology
Services), Barbara Bair (Manuscript Division), Sheridan Harvey (Humanities
and Social Sciences Division), and Janice E. Ruth (Manuscript Division).
Mary Ambrosio was responsible for initiating the use of XML for
Web site collection development, programming and indexing, display
of the scanned images, and development of XSLT style sheets for
displaying the XML text making up the Research Guide. Barbara Bair,
Sheridan Harvey, and Janice E. Ruth assisted with the overall design
of the site and its functions. They worked with the authors of the
printed chapters in revising and reformatting their text for online
presentation, coordinated with the technical production team the
implementation of the authors' changes, wrote and edited framework
(background or introductory) materials, drafted press releases,
compiled collection finder data, coordinated rights and permissions,
and conducted general reviews of the site.
Writing and Editing: Those who wrote sections on the different
Library divisions and essays for the Research Guide portion of the
Web site are identified separately below along with the names of
staff who assisted them. All other framework materials were created
by the Core Project Team, with the addition of Susan Garfinkel (Digital
Reference Team), who contributed to the "Searching American
Memory" document. Evelyn Sinclair and Sara Day (Publishing
Office) edited the original print version of the American Women
guide. Jurretta Jordan Heckscher (Digital Reference Team) and Andrea
Matles Savada (Public Service Collections Directorate) edited all of the framework
materials, including the massive files comprising the online version
of the Research Guide, and advised on issues relating to the site's
overall presentation and navigation.
Technical Advice and Production: Martha Anderson (Office
of Strategic Initiatives) and Deborah Thomas (Public Service Collections
Directorate) advised on the early conceptualization of the site
as an American Memory offering and provided subsequent guidance
with production planning, development, and funding for permissions.
Caroline Arms (Office of Strategic Initiatives) provided technical
support on a number of fronts, including coordinating the editing
of bibliographic records, registering handles for display of digital
objects, and consulting on usability issues. Catherine W. Young
(Information Technology Services) entered authors' and editors'
changes to the XML files, created thumbnails of images, inserted
hypermedia and hypertext links, and collaborated on site design.
Laura Graham (Information Technology Services) converted the PDF
files received from G & S typesetters to SGML. She advised on
the use of American Memory DTD, SGML, and XML markup and provided
image and entity naming guidelines. Graham drafted the technical
specifications for the digital reformatting of newspaper issues
from microfilm and implemented the contract task order for their
conversion. She entered authors' and editors' changes in the files
based on the printed chapters. Barak Stussman (Information Technology
Services) assisted with the programming and the development of printer
friendly files for the Research Guide portion of Web site. Elizabeth
Madden (Office of Strategic Initiatives) and Christa Maher (Office
of Strategic Initiatives) assisted with the creation and continuing
evolution of a production database that aided in the generation
of bibliographic records and tracking of rights information. Andrea Dillon (Office of Strategic Initiatives) and David Woodward (Information Technology Services) integrated the American Women site into the American Memory search functions and Collection Finder.
Bibliographic and Cataloging Records: Helena Zinkham (Prints
and Photographs Division), in addition to offering early encouragement
and conceptualization of the American Women site, provided
guidance on bibliographic access to materials to be included in
the site and arranged for support from the Prints and Photographs
Division in creating bibliographic records for the majority of the
illustrations that originally appeared in the print version of American
Women. Arden Alexander (Prints and Photographs Division) created and edited more than 150 bibliographic
records for the illustrations, and Helena Zinkham provided cataloging
for some additional items.
Rights and Permissions: Emily Howie (Humanities and Social
Sciences Division) assisted with the rights and permissions work
associated with the site, which involved reviewing the extensive
permissions files generated by the Publishing Office for the print
version of the guide, initiating new requests to copyright holders,
and drafting the Copyright and Other Restrictions page for the Web
site. Dan Rader (Office of General Counsel) evaluated rights issues
and advised the team on copyright and legal matters. Margaret Alessi
(Manuscript Division) advised on procedures in her capacity as the
American Memory copyright liaison. Eveline Overmiller (Manuscript
Division), Debra C. Brown (Office of Strategic Initiatives), and
Roy Douglass Hunnicutt (Office of Strategic Initiatives) assisted
with the payment of funds to rights holders.
Scanning, Quality Review, and Management of the Digital Files:
Phil Michel (Prints and Photographs Division) provided project management
support, served as a consultant on digital imaging issues, and assisted
in creating, archiving, and managing digital files and associated
bibliographic records. Alan Haley (Conservation Office) assessed
the condition of the material before scanning and provided handling
specifications. Dominic Sergi (Information Technology Services Digital
Scan Center) scanned a selection of books, atlases, periodicals,
and sheet music for inclusion in the site. Digital conversion specialists
throughout Library Services performed quality review of digital
images and were responsible for tracking and loading digital images
to various division directories. Assisting in this work were the
following: Margaret Alessi (Manuscript Division), Colleen Cahill
(Geography & Map Division), Robin Fanslow (Recorded Sound),
Paul Fraunfelter (Music), Elizabeth Gettins and Mark Williams (Rare
Book), Roger Kizer-Ball (Law Library), Steven C. McCollum (General
Collections), and Robin Taylor and Sam Manivong (Area Studies).
Publicity: Danna Bell-Russel (Digital Reference Team) coordinated
the distribution of the press release to listservs, while Guy Lamolinara
(Office of Strategic Initiatives) and Dorothy LaValle-Hagag (Public
Affairs Office) assisted with the production and distribution of
a version of the press release to the print media.
[Top]
Most of the following acknowledgments are reproduced verbatim from
American Women: A Library of Congress Guide for the Study of
Women's History and Culture in the United States (Washington:
Library of Congress, 2001). They represent the acknowledgment made
by individual authors and editors. Some of the chapter authors have
amended their acknowledgments to recognize staff who helped them
in preparing their texts for online presentation. The order of the
chapter and essay acknowledgments follows the sequence of the chapters
in the book and online version of the guide.
Publishing Office (Acknowledgments by Evelyn Sinclair and Sara
Day, editors)
A resource guide focusing on women was an idea percolating among
specialists throughout the Library of Congress and among editors
in the Publishing Office for many years. Convinced that the Library's
resource guides provide a valuable service to both the Library's
staff and its users, Director of Publishing W. Ralph Eubanks was
from the start an enthusiastic supporter of the effort to identify
and describe the Library's collections related to women. We owe
him a great debt of gratitude for allowing us the time, resources,
and independence to devote much energy and effort to pulling together
the many pieces that make up this wide and detailed look at the
Library's collections. The guide would never have come about without
the constancy of his support or the unfailing steadiness and good
counsel he was so ready to offer that held us always on course.
Staff members throughout the Library of Congress lent their support
to the idea of a guide to lead researchers through the maze of resources
that might shed light on women's studies. We soon assembled a team
of contributors that would reflect almost all corners of the institution
and its holdings. This group proved unusually cohesive and its members
learned much from one another. During the nearly four years it has
taken to complete the guide, divisional walls have become windows.
Greater insight and communication have allowed relinking of different
parts of the collections long since broken up by format and have
promoted connections between disparate materials related to each
other by subject matter. Five topical essays, written by staff members,
demonstrate the potential of such cross-divisional, multidisciplinary
research.
Three Library of Congress specialists in particular lent their
expertise and time to the current guide, reading and evaluating
the content of the manuscript as a whole through several revisions
and lending assistance to all their fellow contributors. This editorial
team was composed of Sheridan Harvey, women's studies specialist
in the Main Reading Room of the Library; Janice E. Ruth, specialist
in women's history in the Manuscript Division; and Barbara Orbach
Natanson, reference specialist in the Prints and Photographs Division.
Without their extraordinary knowledge of their own collections and
the researchers who use them and their involvement in the Library-wide
initiative to electronically integrate all of the Library's catalogs
undertaken during the course of this project, this guide would not
have had the close connection it does to current Library of Congress
cataloging methods and policy.
To prepare to undertake a survey of this magnitude--with a large
number of Library curators, librarians, and specialists interested
in women's history pledged to contribute descriptions of the collections
with which they were familiar--and to ensure the reliability of
the information in the guide, the Publishing Office early on sought
the help of a committee of scholars in the field of women's studies.
The committee was headed by Susan Ware, a noted expert on twentieth-century
American women and a former professor of history at New York University
who is currently editing the next volume of Notable American
Women at Radcliffe. From an initial meeting in the Publishing
Office in August 1997 and an all-day brainstorming session between
the staff contributors and scholar advisers in May 1998 through
the review of many texts, she has supported both large conceptual
discussion and the perfecting of small details with unfailing energy
and enthusiasm, contributing enormously to the guide's successful
completion. Her introductory survey of the evolution and current
state of the field of women's history provides valuable guidance
and context for the chapters on specific materials.
Each of Ware's fellow scholars contributed in unique ways to shaping
and polishing this guide: Eileen Boris, University of California,
Santa Barbara; Joanne M. Braxton, College of William and Mary; Carol
F. Karlsen, University of Michigan; Alice Kessler-Harris, Columbia
University; and Vicki L. Ruiz, Arizona State University. They debated
with us the proposed structure, particularly ideas for linking divisional
collections and approaches to integrating ethnic and foreign-language
materials, and kept us aware of literary and less strictly historical
sources. The topics that they proposed helped guide the research
and writing of chapters, essays, and illustration captions. Each
scholar read drafts of the manuscript and offered many helpful suggestions
to chapter authors and to the editors. The advisers, however, bear
no responsibility for authorial or editorial errors, but all the
contributors owe them a great debt of gratitude for urging them
on to their best efforts.
We hope that this guide also demonstrates how women in America
have been portrayed visually since Europeans first encountered Indian
tribes on our soil. Jim Higgins and Yusef El-Amin of the Library's
Photo Lab photographed well over a hundred original artifacts from
the Library's collections, while Sandra Lawson, Eva Shade, Deborah
Evans, Margaret Kieckhefer, Georgia Zola, Yvonne Brooks, Ed Russian,
Charlotte Houtz, Judith Brisker, and Bonnie Coles, staff members
or liaisons to the Photoduplication Service, managed the retrieval
and processing of one of the largest photographic orders for a single
Publishing Office project.
The design of the volume is the art and work of Adrianne Onderdonk
Dudden, who has fashioned a series of resource guides for the Library
of Congress. Production of the volume was directed by manager of
production Gloria Baskerville-Holmes and assistant manager Clarke
Allen. The index, to which all the contributors added ideas, is
the work of Susan Fels.
The Library of Congress staff, from the position of Librarian of
Congress to the deck attendant who brings the book or audiotape
from its resting place in the stacks to the desk or listening booth
where it can be read or heard, is in place to acquire, preserve,
and make available the resources that scholars of women's history,
their students and colleagues, and you, the reader of this guide,
will one day use. To each member of the staff, we owe our thanks
for making these resources available.
General Collections (Acknowledgments by Sheridan Harvey, chapter author)
I would like to thank my colleagues in the Humanities and Social
Sciences Division who cheered me on through the long months I concentrated
on this guide and who also worked extra hours on the reference desk
so I had time for research and writing. The following people read
sections of my chapter, suggested sources, and provided valuable
comments: Cheryl Adams, Paul Q. Baker, Betty M. Culpepper, David
J. Kelly, David Kresh, Thomas Mann, Ardie S. Myers, Marilyn K. Parr,
James P. Sweany, Barbara B. Walsh, Kathy Woodrell, and Abby Yochelson.
For the sections on Library of Congress subject headings and classification,
I am grateful to Thomas Mann (again), Thompson A. Yee, and Lynn
M. El-Hoshy for excellent suggestions based on expert knowledge.
Susan Ware gave some good advice at a crucial moment. Janice E.
Ruth (Manuscript Division) and Barbara Orbach Natanson (Prints and
Photographs Division) commented on numerous drafts of this chapter
to its great benefit, for which I am grateful.
Serial and Government Publications Division (Acknowledgments by Georgia Metos Higley, chapter author)
For encouraging my participation in this project, I would like
to thank the chief of the Serial Division, Karen Renninger, who
not only offered her support but also read various drafts of the
manuscript. Colleagues who generously shared their expertise and
who critiqued multiple drafts include Mark Sweeney, head of the
Newspaper Section; Lyle Minter, head of the Reference Section; and
reference specialists Travis Westly and Sara Striner. I am indebted
to my reference colleagues in the division who worked extra hours
in the Newspaper and Current Periodical Room so that I could complete
this chapter.
Law Library of Congress (Acknowledgments by Pamela Barnes Craig, chapter author)
I would like to thank the editorial team and academic advisers for
their challenging questions and comments, my law librarian colleagues
for their time and research skills, and those colleagues who encouraged
me to make "how to find the law" an integral part of this
guide.
Rare Book and Special Collections Division (Acknowledgments
by Rosemary Fry Plakas and Jacqueline Coleburn, chapter authors)
We wish to thank both Mark Dimunation, chief of the Rare Book and
Special Collections Division, and Susan H. Vita, chief of the Special
Materials Cataloging Division, for their support of this publication.
For assistance with photography, thanks also to Margaret Kieckhefer.
Elizabeth J. Gettins and Mark Williams, digital conversion specialists,
checked the accuracy of items that were digitized for this chapter
and provided handles.
Manuscript Division (Acknowledgments by Janice E. Ruth, chapter author)
With thanks for their support, I would like to acknowledge the
academic advisers; editors Sara Day and Evelyn Sinclair (Publishing
Office); Library colleagues Sheridan Harvey (Humanities and Social
Sciences Division) and Barbara Orbach Natanson (Prints and Photographs
Division); and Manuscript Division staff members Leonard C. Bruno,
Connie L. Cartledge, James H. Hutson, Laura J. Kells, David Wigdor,
and Mary M.Wolfskill for reviewing and commenting on earlier drafts
of this chapter. For the online version, Manuscript Division cataloger
Margit Kerwin reviewed selected bibliographic records, and digital
conversion specialist Margaret Alessi assisted with the quality
review and management of digital image files.
Prints and Photographs Division (Acknowledgments by Barbara
Orbach Natanson, chapter author)
I would like to thank the members of the Prints and Photographs
Division Reference, Curatorial, Technical Services, and Administrative
Sections, many of whom read and commented on earlier versions of
this chapter, assisted in locating and interpreting images, or provided
cataloging assistance. Particular thanks go to Arden Alexander,
Katherine Blood, Sara Duke, Jan Grenci, Mary Ison, Helena Zinkham,
editors Sara Day and Evelyn Sinclair (Publishing Office), and Library
colleagues Sheridan Harvey (Humanities and Social Sciences Division)
and Janice E. Ruth (Manuscript Division) for their comments and
assistance. In connection with the online site, I wish to thank
Mary Ison and Helena Zinkham for their ongoing administrative support
for the Prints and Photographs Division's participation in the American
Women initiative and Jan Grenci for her assistance in locating
additional illustrations for the online presentation.
Geography and Map Division (Acknowledgments by Patricia Molen
van Ee, chapter author)
I would like to thank my colleagues, cartographic specialists Ronald
E. Grim, James A. Flatness, and Gary L. Fitzpatrick for their assistance
in identifying source material and recommending items for inclusion;
digital conversion coordinator Gene E. Roberts for scanning and
processing cartographic images; Gary L. Fitzpatrick for creating
a digital map from the National Cancer Institute database; and program
assistant Myra A. Laird for compiling bibliographic information
and locating material. To the Geography and Map Division's chief,
John R. Hébert, I am indebted for his granting me both the
time and the independence to write and illustrate the chapter as
I envisioned it, and for his wholehearted support of this project.
For the online version, Colleen Cahill assisted with the creation
and cataloging of the digital files, and Gary L. Fitzpatrick identified
statistical data sites outside of the Library of Congress.
Music Division (Acknowledgments by Robin Rausch, chapter author)
I would like to extend special thanks to my Music Division colleagues
Susan Clermont, Ruth Foss, and Wayne Shirley for their helpful comments
and suggestions.
Recorded Sound SectionMotion Picture, Broadcasting, and
Recorded Sound Division (Acknowledgments by Nancy J. Seeger, chapter author)
For their encouragement, support, and patience during all phases
of this project, I would like to thank Samuel Brylawski, Bryan Cornell,
Eugene DeAnna, Alan Gevinson, Edwin Matthias, and Brian Taves. My
particular gratitude goes to Jan McKee, whose invaluable research
on women in radio, with a particular focus on the Library's collections,
is the source for much of the information found in this chapter.
Moving Image SectionMotion Picture, Broadcasting, and
Recorded Sound Division (Acknowledgments by Rosemary Hanes with
Brian Taves, chapter authors)
Thanks to our colleagues Barbara Humphrys, Cooper C. Graham, Patrick
Loughney, and Mike Mashon for their contributions to this chapter.
We are grateful to Constance J. Balides, of Tulane University, for
her comments, suggestions, and encouragement.
American Folklife Center (Acknowledgments by James Hardin, chapter author)
Contributing to this chapter were Judith Gray, Joseph C. Hickerson,
Ann Hoog, Alan Jabbour, Catherine Hiebert Kerst (an early member
of the Library's Women's History Resource Group), and David Taylor.
Catherine Hiebert Kerst also researched and cataloged the original
photos for the online version, and Stephanie A. Hall prepared the
text, proposed and reviewed the navigation and design of the chapter,
and selected and captioned additional photographs for the online
version.
Area Studies Collections (Acknowledgments by Peggy K. Pearlstein
and Barbara A. Tenenbaum, chapter authors)
Individuals who helped in writing this chapter include Helen Fedor
(European Division), Judy Liu (Asian Division), Yoko Akiba (Japanese),
Hoa Nguyen (Vietnamese), Ibrahim Pourhadi (Farsi), George Kovtun
(Czech), Fentahun Tiruneh (Amharic), John Topping (Greek), and Fawzi
Tadros and Mary Jane Deeb (Arabic). Helpful in all ways were Georgette
Dorn, chief of the Hispanic Division, Beverly Gray, chief of the
African and Middle Eastern Division, and Michael Grunberger, head
of the Hebraic Section. Thanks also to Vicki Ruiz, Arizona State
University, Pamela Nadell, American University, and Shuly Rubin
Schwartz, Jewish Theological Seminary of America, who read earlier
drafts. Tracy R. North (Hispanic Division) assisted in revising
the Latinas section for the online version.
[Top]
Marching for the Vote: Remembering the Woman Suffrage Parade
of 1913 (Acknowledgments by Sheridan Harvey, essay author)
This essay could not have been written without contributions by
Janice E. Ruth (Manuscript Division); Georgia Higley (Serial and
Government Publications Division); Barbara Orbach Natanson (Prints
and Photographs Division), Rosemary Plakas (Rare Book and Special
Collections Division); Rosemary Hanes (Motion Picture, Broadcasting
and Recorded Sound Division); Peggy Pearlstein (African and Middle
Eastern Division); and Audrey Fischer (Public Affairs Office).
The Long Road to Equality: What Women Won from the ERA Ratification
Effort (Acknowledgments by Leslie W. Gladstone, essay author)
For help with this essay, I am much indebted to the editors in
the Publishing Office Sara Day and Evelyn Sinclair for their support
and encouragement. I wish also to thank Nancy Seeger and Rosemary
Hanes (Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division),
Barbara Orbach Natanson (Prints and Photographs Division), Pam van
Ee (Geography and Map Division), Georgia Higley (Serial and Government
Publications Division), Sheridan Harvey (Humanities and Social Sciences
Division), Pamela Craig Barnes (Law Library), and Janice E. Ruth
(Manuscript Division) for their help with suggesting and locating
materials in their collections.
"With Peace and Freedom Blest!" Woman As Symbol in
America, 1590-1800 (Acknowledgments by Sara Day, essay author)
I wish to thank my coeditors, Evelyn Sinclair (Publishing Office)
and Sheridan Harvey (Humanities and Social Sciences Division), Barbara
Orbach Natanson (Prints and Photographs Division), and Janice E.
Ruth (Manuscript Division) on the specialist editorial team, as
well as John Hebert and Patricia Molen van Ee (Geography and Map Division) and Roger
Walke (Congressional Research Service) for their encouragement and
advice. Together with members of the scholars' advisory board, they
helped me guide the way through the symbols to women's realities.
Women on the Move: Overland Journeys to California (Acknowledgments
by Patricia Molen van Ee, essay author)
I wish to thank the advisory board scholars, especially Vicki Ruiz,
for suggestions on sources and interpretation; Rosemary Fry Plakas
(Rare Book and Special Collections Division), Janice E. Ruth (Manuscript
Division), Harry Katz (Prints and Photographs Division), Robin Rausch
(Music Division), and Barbara Tenenbaum (Hispanic Division) for
searching the Library's collections; John Hébert, for his
support; Gene Roberts for digitally enhancing and processing the
Narvaes map; Myra A. Laird for bibliographic searching; and editors
Evelyn Sinclair and Sara Day (Publishing Office).
The House that Marian Built: The MacDowell Colony of Peterborough,
New Hampshire (Acknowledgments by Robin Rausch, essay author)
I wish to thank music specialists Susan Clermont and Kevin LaVine
for their helpful comments and suggestions, and Robert Saladini,
who first brought Marian to my attention and encouraged me to tell
her story. Thanks also to Rosemary Hanes (Motion Picture, Broadcasting
and Recorded Sound Division), Sheridan Harvey (Humanities and Social
Sciences Division), Rosemary Fry Plakas (Rare Book and Special Collections
Division), and Nancy Seeger (Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded
Sound Division) for their assistance in locating MacDowell materials
in their respective collections.
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