007 - Electronic Resource (R)
MARC 21 Bibliographic - Full
October 2003
Indicators and Subfield CodesField has no indicators or subfield codes; the data elements are positionally
defined.
Character Positions
00 - Category of material
c - Electronic resource
01 - Specific material designation
a - Tape cartridge b - Chip cartridge c - Computer optical disc cartridge f - Tape cassette h - Tape reel j - Magnetic disk m - Magneto-optical disc o - Optical disc r - Remote u - Unspecified z - Other | - No attempt to code
02 - Undefined
# - Undefined
03 - Color
a - One color b - Black-and-white c - Multicolored g - Gray scale m - Mixed n - Not applicable u - Unknown z - Other | - No attempt to code
04 - Dimensions
a - 3 1/2 in. e - 12 in. g - 4 3/4 in. or 12 cm. i - 1 1/8 x 2 3/8 in. j - 3 7/8 x 2 1/2 in. n - Not applicable o - 5 1/4 in. u - Unknown v - 8 in. z - Other | - No attempt to code
05 - Sound
# - No sound (silent) a - Sound u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
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06-08 - Image bit depth
001-999 - Exact bit depth mmm - Multiple nnn - Not applicable --- - Unknown ||| - No attempt to code
09 - File formats
a - One file format m - Multiple file formats u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
10 - Quality assurance target(s)
a - Absent n - Not applicable p - Present u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
11 - Antecedent/Source
a - File reproduced from original b - File reproduced from microform c - File reproduced from an electronic resource d - File reproduced from an intermediate (not microform) m - Mixed n - Not applicable u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
12 - Level of compression
a - Uncompressed b - Lossless d - Lossy m - Mixed u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
13 - Reformatting Quality
a - Access n - Not applicable p - Preservation r - Replacement u - Unknown | - No attempt to code
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FIELD DEFINITION AND SCOPE
When field 007/00 contains code c, it contains special coded information about the
physical characteristics of an electronic resource.
GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS
■ CHARACTER POSITIONS
00 - Category of material c - Electronic resource One-character alphabetic code that indicates the category of material to which
the item belongs is electronic resource (e.g, programs, data
files, image files, digitized audio and video tapes, etc.), which usually
consist of digitized machine-readable data, program code, etc. intended to be
accessed, processed, or executed by a computer. A fill character (|) is not
allowed in this position.
01 - Specific material designation Special class of material (usually the class of physical object) to which an item
belongs (e.g., a magnetic disk).
a - Tape cartridge Removable module containing secondary storage medium such as magnetic tape or
magnetic disks.
b - Chip cartridge Removable module containing a miniaturized electronic circuit, mass-produced on
a tiny chip or wafer of silicon, designed to provide additional processing or
memory capacity to a computer.
c - Computer optical disc cartridge Removable module containing one or more nonmagnetic discs used to store digital
information.
f - Tape cassette Removable module, somewhat like an audio cassette, that contains magnetic tape
that can be written on and read from by a tape drive.
h - Tape reel Removable spool containing magnetic tape that can be written to and read from
by a tape drive.
j - Magnetic disk Digital information storage medium usually consisting of a thin Mylar disk
coated with a magnetic material that permits the recording of data. Magnetic
disks come in various sizes. They are also known as floppy disks, stiffy disks,
computer diskettes, or floppy diskettes.
m - Magneto-optical disc Erasable or semi-erasable storage medium, similar to a CD-ROM disc, capable of
storing data at a very high density. The disc is written to and read from using
a laser beam used to heat the recording surface to a point at which regions of
the surface of the disk become magnetically aligned to store bits of data.
o - Optical disc Medium that uses a series of laser-burned micron-sized holes (pits) on a
special recording surface to store data. Recorded data is read optically. These
discs are usually a read-only medium. Commonly found computer optical disc
formats include: CD-A, CD-I, CD-R, CD-ROM, CD-ROM-XA, DVD-ROM and Photo CD.
r - Remote Electronic resource that is accessed, processed, executed, etc. remotely. In
this case the electronic resource is used via input/output devices connected
electronically to a computer. Frequently this involves connection through a
computer network. The specific material designation of the remotely accessed
physical item (e.g., a CD-ROM accessed remotely through a network) is not
specified when code r is used in 007/01.
u - Unspecified Special material designation for the electronic resource is not specified,
e.g., it may be an electronic resource that changes its medium over time.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
02 - Undefined
Contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
03 - Color Whether the item is one color or multicolored.
a - One color Images are intended to be produced in a single color other than black (e.g.
pink and white, brown and white). If the images are black with white use code
b.
b - Black-and-white Images are intended to be produced in black and white. ASCII files, which do
not include color, are coded as b.
c - Multicolored Image is printed or executed in more than one color. Code c is used for color
photographic processes.
g - Gray scale Image is produced with degrees of dark to light from black to gray to
white.
m - Mixed Work or collection is a combination of one color, black-and-white,
multicolored, hand colored, and/or other images.
n - Not applicable Color is not applicable to the electronic resource, usually because it does not
involve anything visual (e.g., digitally encoded audio data).
u - Unknown Color characteristics of an item are not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
04 - Dimensions Dimensions of the medium used to encode the electronic resource.
Only the most common dimensions are indicated. In many cases the dimensions apply
to the container in which a magnetic or optical medium is encased. The field
007/04 code corresponding to the dimensions given in the description of the item
are used. If no code exactly matches the dimensions of the medium (or container),
code z is used.
a - 3 1/2 in. Diameter of the medium is 3 1/2 inches. It usually refers to the diameter of a
magnetic disk.
e - 12 in. Diameter of the medium is 12 inches. It usually refers to optical or
magneto-optical disc.
g - 4 3/4 in. or 12 cm. Diameter of the medium is 4 3/4 inches (or 12 cm.) It usually refers to optical
or magneto-optical disc.
i - 1 1/8 x 2 3/8 in. Dimensions of the container used for the medium are 1 1/8 x 2 3/8 inches. It
usually refers to cartridges.
j - 3 7/8 x 2 1/2 in. Dimensions of the container used for the medium are 3 7/8 x 2 1/2 inches. It
usually refers to cartridges.
n - Not applicable Physical dimensions are not applicable to the electronic resource. This code is
appropriate for remote electronic resources and electronic resources whose
specific medium varies (coded u in byte 01).
o - 5 1/4 in. Diameter of the medium is 5 1/4 inches. It usually refers to the dimensions of
a magnetic disk.
u - Unknown Dimensions of the medium used for the electronic resource are not known.
v - 8 in. Diameter of the medium is 8 inches. It usually refers to the diameter of a
magnetic disk or optical disc.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
05 - Sound Whether the production of sound is an integral part of an electronic resource.
# - No sound (silent) Not intended to produce sound.
a - Sound Includes digitally encoded sound or is intended to produce sound.
u - Unknown Presence or absence of sound or the ability of an electronic resource to
produce sound is not known.
| - No attempt to code
06-08 - Image bit depth Exact bit depth of the scanned image(s) that comprise the electronic resource, or
a three-character alphabetic code which indicates that the exact bit depth cannot
be recorded. Since only exact bit depth is useful, coding should not include
missing digits represented by hyphens (-).
Bit depth is determined by the number of bits used to define each pixel
representing the image.
001-999 - Exact bit depth Image bit depth should be recorded if a single numeric value applies to all
files, e.g., all files were scanned in 24-bit color. The numeric value of the
image bit depth, using three digits, is right justified with leading zeros
(e.g., 001, 024).
mmm - Multiple Comprised of images that have been scanned and captured at more than one bit
depth, such as a volume with text and color images where the text has been
scanned as bitonal (1-bit) images and the color plates have been scanned and
captured using 24-bit color.
nnn - Not applicable Bit-depth is not applicable to this electronic resource because there are no
images.
--- - Unknown Bit depth level of the image(s) comprising the electronic resource are not
known.
||| - No attempt to code
09 - File formats Whether the file(s) which comprise the electronic resource are of the same format
or type for digitally reformatted materials.
Values do not indicate specific types of file formats, which may be contained in
variable fields in the record. The information indicates the number of file
formats used.
a - One file format File(s) which comprise(s)the electronic resource are of the same format or type
(e.g., all .jpg; all .tif; all .txt; all .wav; all .mpg; etc.).
m - Multiple file formats Files which comprise the electronic resource are of at least 2 different
formats (e.g., .jpg and .tif; .tif and .txt; .sgml and .wav; etc.).
u - Unknown Format(s) of the file(s) which comprise(s) the electronic resource are not
known.
| - No attempt to code
10 - Quality assurance target(s) Whether quality assurance targets have been included appropriately at the time of
reformatting/creation of the electronic resource.
Targets are standard reference points which can be interpreted by a human or
machine and used to measure resolution, color, faithfulness of representation to
the original, etc.
a - Absent Quality assurance targets were not included at the time of reformatting and/or
are not present in the electronic resource.
n - Not applicable Inclusion of quality assurance targets is not applicable to this electronic
resource.
p - Present One or more quality assurance targets were appropriately included at the time
of reformatting and are present in the electronic resource. Commonly found
quality control targets for scanning include the Kodak Q13 or Q14 Color
Separation Guide and Gray Scale; Kodak Q60 Color Input Target; AIIM Scanning
Test Chart #2; and the RIT Alphanumeric Resolution Test Object. Commonly found
quality assurance targets for re-recording/transfer of audio files include
reference and azimuth tones.
u - Unknown Presence of quality assurance targets in the electronic resource is not
known.
| - No attempt to code
11 - Antecedent/Source Information about the source of a digital file important to the creation, use and
management of digitally reformatted materials.
a - File reproduced from original Content (image, audio, or video) comprising the electronic resource has been
created by digitization of the original item. Common examples of original
objects include: printed or manuscript texts and/or images that are made on
paper or on vellum; photographic prints (and in some instances photographic
negatives, depending on creator's intent); analog audio formats; and video
formats. This value does not pertain to microform even if microform is the
original.
b - File reproduced from microform Content comprising the electronic resource has been created by scanning from
microform (16mm microfilm, 35mm microfilm, 105mm microfiche, microcard,
micro-opaque, etc.).
c - File reproduced from an electronic resource Electronic resource has been created or copied from an existing electronic
resource (e.g., to generate new copies or derivative copies with lower
resolution or smaller file size; to process an existing file with Optical
Character Recognition - OCR - software; etc.).
d - File reproduced from an intermediate (not microform) Content comprising the electronic resource has been created by
reformatting/digitizing from an intermediate other than microform. Common
examples of non-microfom intermediates for visual and textual materials are:
photocopies, 35 mm film, transparencies, slides, 2nd generation video tape,
etc. A common example of an intermediate for audio materials is 2nd generation
analog tapes.
m - Mixed Images comprising the electronic resource have been created from mixed sources
(portions scanned from original item, portions scanned from microfilm,
etc.).
n - Not applicable Antecedent or source are not applicable to this electronic resource. This code
is appropriate for electronic resources other than those created during a
reformatting process.
u - Unknown Antecedent or source of this reformatted electronic resource is not known.
| - No attempt to code
12 - Level of compression Kind of compression the electronic resource has been subjected to.
Used to judge the fidelity of the file to the original.
a - Uncompressed Electronic resource has not been compressed through the use of any compression
technique.
b - Lossless Electronic resource has been compressed and the compression type used is
"lossless." Lossless compression will allow an electronic resource to be
compressed and decompressed with absolute fidelity each time. To be considered
lossless, no informational loss may occur during this process. An example of a
lossless compression scheme would be TIFF Group 4 compression employed on
bitonal image files.
d - Lossy Electronic resource has been compressed and the compression type used is
"lossy." Lossy compression schemes employ techniques which average or discard
some of the encoded digital information. When the file is decompressed, it will
not be an exact replica of the original file. Examples of lossy compression
schemes include JPEG, and Kodak ImagePac (Photo CD), AC-3 (Dolby Digital) and
MPEG.
m - Mixed Mixture of techniques has been used to compress various parts of the electronic
resource.
u - Unknown Compression techniques are not known.
| - No attempt to code
13 - Reformatting Quality Reformatting quality of the electronic resource; an overall assessment of the
physical quality of the electronic resource in relation to its intended use. It
can be used to judge the level of quality of a file, and an institution's
commitment to maintain its availability over time.
a - Access Electronic resource is of a quality that will support current, electronic
access to the original item (reference use), but is not sufficient to serve as
a preservation copy.
Examples of electronic resources created for access purposes may include images
created for a temporary, online exhibition (possibly to mirror an in-house
installation); compressed, lower resolution versions of higher-quality master
files that allow for easier transmission and access over the Internet; video
converted to MPEG-2 for Internet access; photos which have been scanned at
lower resolutions to create an online browsing tool for a collection; or
articles scanned as a part of an E-Reserve collection which will be discarded
in accordance with previous copyright agreements which specify a time limit on
the retention of the electronic resource.
n - Not applicable Reformatting quality is not applicable to the electronic resource.
p - Preservation Electronic resource was created via reformatting to help preserve the original
item.
Capture and storage techniques associated with preservation files ensure
high-quality, long-term electronic resources that warrant long-term
protection.
r - Replacement Electronic resource is of very high quality and, when printed out, viewed on
screen or played via a listening device could serve as a replacement should the
original be lost, damaged, or destroyed.
u - Unknown Reformatting quality of the electronic resource is not known.
| - No attempt to code
■EXAMPLES
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cj#ca# [Item is a computer program on 3 1/2 inch diskette (007/00, 01, and 04), which
supports a color (03) video interface but no sound (05).] |
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007 |
co#cga [Item is interactive software and data on a 4 3/4 inch optical disc (CD-ROM)
(007/00, 01, and 04) intended to be viewed in color (03) with sound (05).] |
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007 |
cr#bn# [Item is a textual electronic journal available remotely (007/01), formatted as
ASCII text (007/03).] |
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007 |
cu#gn#008apabp [Item is a digitized version of an original, reformatted for preservation
purposes (007/00, 11, 13). The electronic resource is comprised of grayscale TIFF
images only (no sound) which were scanned at a bit depth of 8 bits per pixel,
including quality control targets and is compressed using lossless compression
(03, 05, 06-08, 09, 10, 12). Because this file was created for preservation
purposes, the medium on which the file is stored will vary as it is refreshed and
migrated to new systems to remain accessible (01, 04).] |
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007 |
co#ngannnaadda [Item is an access version of an audio file which had been digitally
reformatted from the 2nd generation analog tape and is stored on a CD (007/00, 01,
04, 05, 09, 11, 13). Quality assurance target tones are not present on this
mpeg-compressed access copy (10, 12). Because it is not an image or video file,
color and bit depth aspects are not applicable (03, 06-08).] |
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007 |
cu#gn#008apabr [Item is a digitized version of an original, reformatted (and replaced) during
preservation (007/00, 11, 13). The electronic resource is comprised of grayscale
TIFF images only (no sound) which were scanned at a bit depth of 8 bits per pixel,
including quality control targets and is compressed using lossless compression
(03, 05, 06-08, 09, 10, 12). Because this file was created to replace the original
volumes, the medium on which the file is stored will vary as it is refreshed and
migrated to new systems to remain accessible (01, 04).] |
INPUT CONVENTIONS
Field length - Field 007 for the category of material electronic resource currently
has fourteen character positions defined for it. The first six positions (007/00-05)
should always be used. An institution may choose additionally to code positions
following 007/05 up to and including 007/13 if providing information about digitally
reformatted or preserved materials.
CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY
In 2002, the Computer File 007 field was renamed “Electronic Resource.”
007/00 - Category of material
c - Computer file
In 2002, code c was renamed to “Electronic resource.”
007/02 - Original versus reproduction aspect [OBSOLETE, 1997] [USMARC only]Defined codes were: f (Facsimile), o (Original), r (Reproduction), and u
(Unknown).
007/03 - Color
b - Black-and-white [NEW, 1999]
h - Hand coloured [OBSOLETE, 1997] [CAN/MARC only]
007/06-08 - Image bit depth [NEW, 1999]007/09 - File formats [NEW, 1999]007/10 - Quality assurance targets [NEW, 1999]007/11 - Antecedent/source [NEW, 1999]
c - File produced from a computer fileIn 2002, code c was renamed “File produced from an electronic resource.”
007/12 - Level of compression [NEW, 1999]007/13 - Reformatting quality [NEW, 1999]