Table 17-2. Average mathematics scores of 8th-grade students in knowing, applying, and reasoning, by country: 2003
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| Country |
Knowing |
Applying |
Reasoning |
|
| International average |
467 |
467 |
467 |
| Armenia |
480 |
478 |
468 |
| Australia |
497 |
508 |
515 |
| Bahrain |
401 |
398 |
424 |
| Belgium (Flemish) |
537 |
536 |
533 |
| Bulgaria |
486 |
471 |
471 |
| Botswana |
372 |
369 |
353 |
| Chile |
386 |
391 |
409 |
| Chinese Taipei |
585 |
582 |
576 |
| Cyprus |
466 |
457 |
455 |
| Egypt |
411 |
404 |
400 |
| England1 |
489 |
503 |
509 |
| Estonia |
538 |
528 |
523 |
| Ghana |
232 |
293 |
313 |
| Hong Kong, SAR2,3 |
589 |
584 |
569 |
| Hungary4 |
536 |
523 |
529 |
| Indonesia5 |
422 |
408 |
406 |
| Iran, Islamic Rep. of4 |
405 |
416 |
417 |
| Israel4 |
501 |
495 |
483 |
| Italy |
484 |
484 |
489 |
| Japan |
564 |
564 |
576 |
| Jordan |
428 |
422 |
433 |
| Korea, Rep. of |
592 |
584 |
582 |
| Latvia |
518 |
504 |
500 |
| Lebanon |
447 |
426 |
410 |
| Lithuania5 |
511 |
499 |
489 |
| Macedonia, Rep. of4 |
447 |
428 |
438 |
| Malaysia |
506 |
512 |
503 |
| Moldova, Rep. of |
466 |
457 |
453 |
| Morocco5,6 |
386 |
384 |
391 |
| Netherlands3 |
520 |
543 |
541 |
| New Zealand |
485 |
497 |
509 |
| Norway |
450 |
468 |
479 |
| Palestinian Nat’l Auth. |
391 |
388 |
404 |
| Philippines |
388 |
378 |
358 |
| Romania |
485 |
475 |
458 |
| Russian Federation4 |
519 |
503 |
496 |
| Saudi Arabia |
315 |
338 |
348 |
| Scotland3 |
481 |
505 |
513 |
| Serbia5 |
495 |
467 |
468 |
| Singapore |
591 |
611 |
583 |
| Slovak Republic |
517 |
502 |
504 |
| Slovenia |
499 |
491 |
494 |
| South Africa |
261 |
269 |
287 |
| Sweden |
486 |
505 |
508 |
| Tunisia |
399 |
419 |
399 |
| United States6 |
510 |
502 |
505 |
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1Did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates. Less than 50 percent of original schools participated.
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2Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People’s Republic of China.
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3Met international guidelines for participation rates only after replacement schools were included.
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4National defined population covers less than 95 percent of the national desired population.
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5National desired population does not cover all of the international desired population.
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6Nearly satisfied guidelines for sample participation rates after replacement schools were included.
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NOTE: Countries were required to sample students in the upper of the two grades that contained the largest number of 9-year-olds and 13-year-olds. In the United States and most countries, this corresponds to grades 4 and 8, respectively. Participants were scored on a 1,000-point scale. The international standard deviation is 100.
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SOURCE: Mullis, I.V.S., Martin, M.O., and Foy, P. (2005). IEA’s TIMSS 2003 International Report on Achievement in the Mathematics Cognitive Domains: Findings From a Developmental Project, exhibits 2.1–2.6, data from the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, 2003.
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