Report Concludes 449-MHz Wind Profiler Well Suited for Coastal Weather Applications
December 5, 2007
More than half of the Nation's population lives along the coasts, yet none
of NOAA's operational wind profilers are currently located in coastal
regions. On November 15, 2007 the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
(ESRL) released a report documenting the results of a year-long evaluation
conducted along the coast of California to determine which current
state-of-the-art profiler technology (915-MHz vs. 449-MHz) is best suited
for coastal and marine weather applications. NOAA's Integrated Ocean
Observing System (IOOS) and Coastal Storms Program (CSP)
sponsored the study. NOAA's Weather and Water Science,
Technology and Infusion Program
has proposed to deploy coastal wind profiler networks to help improve
coastal weather and air quality forecasts. 915-MHz wind profilers have a
proven track record in coastal regions but they operate in an overcrowded
frequency band that experiences significant interference, which limits data
quality. 449-MHz wind profilers operate in a band specifically set aside
for wind profilers, but it was not clear whether their performance in
coastal regions was adequate for critical applications. The ESRL Physical
Sciences Division has significant experience developing 449-MHz systems,
and performed a side-by-side comparison with proven 915-MHz technology. The
study determined that the 449-MHz technology was also well-suited to
coastal applications, which opens the door for implementation of an
operational coastal wind profiler network.
(Figure–click image to enlarge: Time-height cross section of winds measured by the 1/4-scale 449-MHz wind profiler at La Jas, Puerto Rico)
Background:
For more than a decade, ESRL has operated boundary-layer, 915-MHz wind
profilers in the West for winter weather and summer air quality research
field campaigns. More recently, ESRL deployed a first-of-its-kind network
of transportable 449-MHz wind profilers along the southern border of the
U.S. for the U.S. Air Force.
The report also summarizes feedback received from NOAAĆs Weather Forecast
Offices and River Forecast Centers on how the 449-MHz wind profiler data
and associated products developed by ESRL scientists were used in daily
forecast operations. In addition to supporting the issuance or cancellation
of official watches and warnings of hazardous weather, the data were used
to support operational forecasts of fire weather, aviation weather, and air
quality.
Significance:
Coastal and marine weather prediction suffers from a lack of available
observations, especially of upstream weather conditions coming in from the
Pacific. Coastal profiler networks would aid in reducing coastal storm
disaster losses by providing the National Weather Service with measurements
necessary for improving short-term wind, precipitation, and aviation
forecasts. This study sponsored by IOOS and CSP supports NOAA's weather and
water goal by providing a critical step towards finding a workable
technology for coastal weather and air quality forecast improvements.
Contact: Allen White | More Information: |