Focus Area 15: Injury and Violence Prevention: Objectives and Subobjectives

Injury and Violence Prevention

Goal

Introduction

Modifications to Objectives and Subobjectives

Progress Toward Healthy People 2010 Targets

Progress Toward Elimination of Health Disparities

Emerging Issues

Progress Quotient Chart

Disparities Table (See below)

Race and Ethnicity

Gender, Education, and Location

Objectives and Subobjectives

References

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Midcourse Review > Table of Contents > Focus Area 15: Injury and Violence Prevention > Objectives and Subobjectives

Injury and Violence Prevention Focus Area 15

Objectives and Subobjectives

Goal: Reduce injuries, disabilities, and deaths due to unintentional injuries and violence.

As a result of the Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review, changes were made to the Healthy People 2010 objectives and subobjectives. These changes are specific to the following situations:

Changes in the wording of an objective to more accurately describe what is being measured.
Changes to reflect a different data source or new science.
Changes resulting from the establishment of a baseline and a target (that is, when a formerly developmental objective or subobjective became measurable).
Deletion of an objective or subobjective that lacked a data source.
Correction of errors and omissions in Healthy People 2010.

Revised baselines and targets for measurable objectives and subobjectives do not fall into any of the above categories and, thus, are not considered a midcourse review change.¹

When changes were made to an objective, three sections are displayed:

In the Original Objective section, the objective as published in Healthy People 2010 in 2000 is shown.
In the Objective With Revisions section, strikethrough indicates text deleted, and underlining is used to show new text.
In the Revised Objective section, the objective appears as revised as a result of the midcourse review.

Details of the objectives and subobjectives in this focus area, including any changes made at the midcourse, appear on the following pages.

¹See Technical Appendix for more information on baseline and target revisions.

Injury Prevention

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-1.	Reduce hospitalization for nonfatal head injuries. Target: 45.0 hospitalizations per 100,000 population. Baseline: 60.6 hospitalizations for nonfatal head injuries per 100,000 population occurred in 1998 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population). Target setting method: Better than the best. Data source: National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), CDC, NCHS.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-2.

Reduce hospitalization for nonfatal spinal cord injuries.

Target: 2.4 hospitalizations per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 4.5 hospitalizations for nonfatal spinal cord injuries per 100,000 population occurred in 1998 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: 46 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when population data are available.)

Data source: National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), CDC, NCHS.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-3.

Reduce firearm-related deaths.

Target: 3.6¹ deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 10.3² deaths per 100,000 population were related to firearm injuries in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹Target revised from 4.1 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 11.3 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-4.

Reduce the proportion of persons living in homes with firearms that are loaded and unlocked.

Target: 16 percent.

Baseline: 19 percent of the population aged 18 years and older lived in homes with loaded and unlocked firearms in 1998 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-5.

Reduce nonfatal firearm-related injuries.

Target: 9.1¹ injuries per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 23.5² nonfatal firearm-related injuries per 100,000 population occurred in 1997.

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

¹ Target revised from 8.6 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline revised from 24.0 after November 2000 publication.

ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE
15-6.	(Developmental) Extend State-level child fatality review of deaths due to external causes for children aged 14 years and under. Potential data source: Inter-Agency Council on Child Abuse and Neglect (ICAN) National Database, FBI Uniform Crime Report, U.S. Department of Justice.
OBJECTIVE WITH REVISIONS
15-6.	~~(Developmental) Extend State-level child fatality review of deaths due to external causes for children aged 14 years and under.~~Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia where 100 percent of deaths to children aged 17 years and ~~younger~~ under that are due to external causes are reviewed by a child fatality review team. Target: All States and the District of Columbia. Baseline: 10 States had 100 percent of deaths to children aged 17 years and under that were due to external causes reviewed by a child fatality team in 2000. Target setting method: Total coverage. ~~Potential d~~Data sources: ~~Inter Agency Council on Child Abuse and Neglect (ICAN)~~ ~~National Database, FBI Uniform Crime Report, U.S. Department of Justice~~Michigan Public Health Institute; National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCIPCHS.
REVISED OBJECTIVE
15-6.	Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia where 100 percent of deaths to children aged 17 years and under that are due to external causes are reviewed by a child fatality review team. Target: All States and the District of Columbia. Baseline: 10 States had 100 percent of deaths to children aged 17 years and under that were due to external causes reviewed by a child fatality team in 2000. Target setting method: Total coverage. Data sources: Michigan Public Health Institute; National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCIPC.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-7.

Reduce nonfatal poisonings.

Target: 292.0 nonfatal poisonings per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 348.3¹ nonfatal poisonings per 100,000 population occurred in 1997 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Baseline revised from 348.4 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-8.

Reduce deaths caused by poisonings.

Target: 1.5 deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 7.1¹ deaths per 100,000 population were caused by poisonings in 1999¹ (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Baseline and baseline year revised from 6.8 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-9.

Reduce deaths caused by suffocation.

Target: 3.3¹ deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 4.2² deaths per 100,000 population were caused by suffocation in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Target revised from 3.0 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 4.1 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-10.

Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia with statewide emergency department surveillance systems that collect data on external causes of injury.

Target: All States and the District of Columbia.

Baseline: 12 States had statewide ED surveillance systems that collected data on external causes of injury in 1998.

Target setting method: Total coverage.

Data source: External Cause of Injury Survey, American Public Health Association (APHA).

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-11.

Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia that collect data on external causes of injury through hospital discharge data systems.

Target: All States and the District of Columbia.

Baseline: 23 States collected data on external causes of injury through hospital discharge data systems in 1998.

Target setting method: Total coverage.

Data source: External Cause of Injury Survey, American Public Health Association (APHA).

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-12.

Reduce hospital emergency department visits caused by injuries.

Target: 126 hospital emergency department visits per 1,000 population.

Baseline: 131 hospital emergency department visits per 1,000 population were caused by injury in 1997 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS.

Unintentional Injury Prevention

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-13.

Reduce deaths caused by unintentional injuries.

Target: 17.1¹ deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 35.3² deaths per 100,000 population were caused by unintentional injuries in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Target revised from 17.5 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 35.0 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE
15-14.	(Developmental) Reduce nonfatal unintentional injuries. Potential data source: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Emergency Department Component, CDC, NCHS.
OBJECTIVE WITH REVISIONS
15-14.	~~(Developmental)~~Reduce emergency department visits for nonfatal unintentional injuries. Target: 9,000.0 emergency department visits per 100,000 population. Baseline: 9,767.4 emergency department visits for nonfatal unintentional injuries per 100,000 population occurred in 2000 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population). Target setting method: 8 percent improvement. ~~Potential d~~Data source: ~~National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey,~~ ~~Emergency Department Component, CDC, NCHS~~National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), CDC, NCIPC.
REVISED OBJECTIVE
15-14.	Reduce emergency department visits for nonfatal unintentional injuries. Target: 9,000.0 emergency department visits per 100,000 population. Baseline: 9,767.4 emergency department visits for nonfatal unintentional injuries per 100,000 population occurred in 2000 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population). Target setting method: 8 percent improvement. Data source: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), CDC, NCIPC.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-15.

Reduce deaths caused by motor vehicle crashes.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Reduction in Deaths Caused by Motor Vehicle Crashes	1999 Baseline Per 100,000 Population	2010 Target Per 100,000 Population
15-15a.	Deaths per 100,000 population	14.7¹(1999)*	8.0²
15-15b.	Deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled	1.6	0.8

* Age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population.

Target setting method: For 15-15a, better than the best; for 15-15b, 50 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data sources: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS; Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT, NHTSA.

¹ Baseline and baseline year revised from 15.6 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
² Target revised from 9.2 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-16.	Reduce pedestrian deaths on public roads. Target: 1.0 pedestrian death per 100,000 population. Baseline: 1.9 pedestrian deaths per 100,000 population occurred on public roads in 1998. Target setting method: 50 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.) Data source: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT, NHTSA.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-17.

Reduce nonfatal injuries caused by motor vehicle crashes.

Target: 933 nonfatal injuries per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 1,181 nonfatal injuries per 100,000 population were caused by motor vehicle crashes in 1998.

Target setting method: 21 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data source: General Estimates System (GES), DOT, NHTSA.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-18.	Reduce nonfatal pedestrian injuries on public roads. Target: 19 nonfatal injuries per 100,000 population. Baseline: 26 nonfatal pedestrian injuries per 100,000 population occurred on public roads in 1998. Target setting method: 28 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.) Data source: General Estimates System (GES), DOT, NHTSA.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-19.	Increase use of safety belts. Target: 92 percent. Baseline: 69 percent of the total population used safety belts in 1998. Target setting method: 33 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.) Data sources: National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS), DOT, NHTSA; Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-20.	Increase use of child restraints. Target: 100 percent. Baseline: 92 percent of motor vehicle occupants aged 4 years and under used child restraints in 1998. Target setting method: Total coverage. Data source: National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS), Controlled Intersection Study, DOT, NHTSA.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-21.

Increase the proportion of motorcyclists using helmets.

Target: 79 percent.

Baseline: 67 percent of motorcycle operators and passengers used helmets in 1998.

Target setting method: 18 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data sources: National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS), DOT, NHTSA; Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-22.	Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia that have adopted a graduated driver licensing model law. Target: All States and the District of Columbia. Baseline: 23 States had a graduated driver licensing model law in 1999. Target setting method: Total coverage. Data source: U.S. Licensing Systems for Young Drivers, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE

15-23.

(Developmental) Increase use of helmets by bicyclists.

Potential data sources: Consumer Product Safety Commission; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), CDC; World Health Organization Study of Health Behavior in School Children.

OBJECTIVE WITH REVISIONS

15-23.

~~(Developmental)~~Increase the proportion of ~~use of helmets by~~ bicyclists who regularly wear a bicycle helmet.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Increase in the Proportion of Bicyclists Who Regularly Wear a Bicycle Helmet	1998 Baseline Percent	2010 Target Percent
15-23a.	Children aged 1 to 15 years	69	76
15-23b.	Adults aged 16 years and older	38	42

Target setting method: 10 percent improvement.

~~Potential d~~Data source: National Bike Helmet Survey, Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).~~; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), CDC;~~ ~~World Health Organization Study of Health Behavior in School Children~~.

REVISED OBJECTIVE

15-23.

Increase the proportion of bicyclists who regularly wear a bicycle helmet.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Increase in the Proportion of Bicyclists Who Regularly Wear a Bicycle Helmet	1998 Baseline Percent	2010 Target Percent
15-23a.	Children aged 1 to 15 years	69	76
15-23b.	Adults aged 16 years and older	38	42

Target setting method: 10 percent improvement.

Data source: National Bike Helmet Survey, Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-24.	Increase the number of States and the District of Columbia with laws requiring bicycle helmets for bicycle riders. Target: All States and the District of Columbia. Baseline: 10 States had laws requiring bicycle helmets for bicycle riders under age 15 years in 1999. Target setting method: Total coverage. Data source: Safe Kids Worldwide.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-25.

Reduce residential fire deaths.

Target: 0.2 deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 1.2 deaths per 100,000 population were caused by residential fires in 1999¹ (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Baseline year revised from 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-26.

Increase functioning residential smoke alarms.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Increase in Functioning Residential Smoke Alarms	1998 Baseline Percent	2010 Target Percent
15-26a.	Total population living in residences with functioning smoke alarm on every floor	88*	100
15-26b.	Residences with a functioning smoke alarm on every floor	87	100

* Age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population.

Target setting method: Total coverage.

Data source: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-27.

Reduce deaths from falls.

Target: 3.3¹ deaths per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 4.8² deaths per 100,000 population were caused by falls in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Target revised from 3.0 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 4.7 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-28.

Reduce hip fractures among older adults.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Reduction in Hip Fractures	1998 Baseline Rate per 100,000	2010 Target Rate per 100,000
15-28a.	Females aged 65 years and older	1,055.8*	416.0
15-28b.	Males aged 65 years and older	592.7*	474.0

* Age adjusted to the year 2010 standard population.

Target setting method: For 15-28a, better than the best; for 15-28b, 20 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data source: National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), CDC, NCHS.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-29.

Reduce drownings.

Target: 0.7¹ drownings per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 1.5² drownings per 100,000 population occurred in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data sources: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS; Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

¹ Target revised from 0.9 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 1.6 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-30.

Reduce hospital emergency department visits for nonfatal dog bite injuries.

Target: 114.0 hospital emergency department visits per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 151.5¹ hospital emergency department visits per 100,000 population were for nonfatal dog bite injuries in 1997 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS.

¹ Baseline revised from 151.4 after November 2000 publication.

ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE

15-31.

(Developmental) Increase the proportion of public and private schools that require use of appropriate head, face, eye, and mouth protection for students participating in school-sponsored physical activities.

Potential data source: School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

OBJECTIVE WITH REVISIONS

15-31.

~~(Developmental)~~Increase the proportion of public and private schools that require students to wear ~~use of~~ appropriate ~~head, face, eye, and mouth~~ protectionve ~~for students participating in~~ gear when engaged in school-sponsored physical activities.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Increase in Public and Private Schools That Require Students To Wear Appropriate Protective Gear When Engaged in School-Sponsored Physical Activities	1998 Baseline Percent	2010 Target Percent
15-31a.	Physical education	77	85
15-31b.	Interscholastic sports	98	100
15-31c.	Intramural activities or physical activity clubs	88	97

Target setting method: For 15-31a and 15-31c, 10 percent improvement; for 15-31b, 2 percent improvement.

~~Potential d~~Data source: School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

REVISED OBJECTIVE

15-31.

Increase the proportion of public and private schools that require students to wear appropriate protective gear when engaged in school-sponsored physical activities.

Target and baseline:

Objective	Increase in Public and Private Schools That Require Students To Wear Appropriate Protective Gear When Engaged in School-Sponsored Physical Activities	1998 Baseline Percent	2010 Target Percent
15-31a.	Physical education	77	85
15-31b.	Interscholastic sports	98	100
15-31c.	Intramural activities or physical activity clubs	88	97

Target setting method: For 15-31a and 15-31c, 10 percent improvement; for 15-31b, 2 percent improvement.

Data source: School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

Violence and Abuse Prevention

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-32.

Reduce homicides.

Target: 2.8¹ homicides per 100,000 population.

Baseline: 6.0² homicides per 100,000 population occurred in 1999² (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data sources: National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS; FBI Uniform Crime Reports, U.S. Department of Justice.

¹ Target revised from 3.0 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline and baseline year revised from 6.5 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data updated and footnoted)

15-33.

Reduce maltreatment and maltreatment fatalities of children.

15-33a. Reduce maltreatment of children.

Target: 10.1¹ per 1,000 children under age 18 years.

Baseline: 12.6² child victims of maltreatment per 1,000 children under age 18 years were reported in 1998.

Target setting method: 20 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data source: National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), Administration for Children and Families (ACF), Administration on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Bureau.

¹ Target revised from 10.3 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
² Baseline revised from 12.9 after November 2000 publication.

15-33b. Reduce child maltreatment fatalities.

Target: 1.4 per 100,000 children under age 18 years.

Baseline: 1.6 child maltreatment fatalities per 100,000 children under age 18 years occurred in 1998.

Target setting method: 12 percent improvement. (Better than the best will be used when data are available.)

Data source: National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), Administration for Children and Families (ACF), Administration on Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Bureau.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-34.

Reduce the rate of physical assault by current or former intimate partners.

Target: 3.3 physical assaults per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older.

Baseline: 4.4 physical assaults per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older by current or former intimate partners occurred in 1998.

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-35.	Reduce the annual rate of rape or attempted rape. Target: 0.7 rapes or attempted rapes per 1,000 persons. Baseline: 0.8 rapes or attempted rapes per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older occurred in 1998. Target setting method: Better than the best. Data source: National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE

15-36.

Reduce sexual assault other than rape.

Target: 0.4 sexual assaults other than rape per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older.

Baseline: 0.6 sexual assaults other than rape per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older occurred in 1998.

Target setting method: Better than the best.

Data source: National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

	NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-37.	Reduce physical assaults. Target: 13.6 physical assaults per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older. Baseline: 31.1 physical assaults per 1,000 persons aged 12 years and older occurred in 1998. Target setting method: Better than the best. Data source: National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-38.	Reduce physical fighting among adolescents. Target: 32 percent. Baseline: 36 percent of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 engaged in physical fighting in the previous 12 months in 1999. Target setting method: Better than the best. Data source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

NO CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
15-39.	Reduce weapon carrying by adolescents on school property. Target: 4.9 percent. Baseline: 6.9 percent of students in grades 9 through 12 carried weapons on school property during the past 30 days in 1999. Target setting method: Better than the best. Data source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.

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