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There are two main populations of monarch butterflies in North America; one in the East and one in the West--new evidence shows that these populations may intermix. Every fall, the monarch begins its migration south to an overwintering site. In the spring the monarch leaves its winter roost and heads northward, about half way back, to lay its eggs on milkweed plants. The offspring of this monarch must continue the journey north on its own. In the fall, this new generation will begin the migration cycle south. To learn more about these amazing creatures, this guide lists selected titles, journal articles and Web sites about monarch butterflies, conservation initiatives, and migration projects. SELECTED TITLES: MONARCH BUTTERFLIES Biology and conservation of the monarch butterfly. Edited by Stephen B. Malcolm and Myron P. Zalucki. Los Angeles, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 1993. 419 p. (Its Science series, no. 38) Grace, Eric S. The world of the monarch butterfly. San Francisco, Sierra Club Books, c1997. 114 p. Halpern, Sue. Four wings and a prayer: caught in the mystery of the monarch butterflies. New York, Pantheon Books, c2001. 212 p. Monarch butterfly biology & conservation. Edited by Karen S. Oberhauser and Michelle J. Solensky. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 2004. 248 p. Pyle, Robert Michael. Chasing monarchs: migrating with the butterflies of passage. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., 1999. 307 p. Schappert, Phillip Joseph. The last monarch butterfly: conserving the monarch butterfly in a brave new world. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, c2004. 113 p. Urquhart, Fred A. The monarch butterfly. Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1960. 361 p. Urquhart, Fred A. The monarch butterfly: international traveler. Ellison Bay, WI, Wm Caxton, c1998. 232 p. SELECTED TITLES FOR YOUNGER READERSFrost, Helen, and Leonid Gore. Monarch and milkweed. New York, Athenum Books for Young Readers, c2008. 1 v. (unpaged). Harvey, Diane Kelsay, and Bob Harvery. Melody’s mystery = El misterio de Melodía. Wilsonville, OR, Beautiful America Pub. Co., c1991. 1 v. (unpaged). Herberman, Ethan. The great butterfly hunt: the mystery of the migrating monarchs. New York, Simon and Schuster Books for Young Readers, c1990. 48 p. Lasky, Kathryn. Monarchs. San Diego, Harcourt Brace & Co., c1993. 63 p. Pringle, Laurence P. An extraordinary life: the story of a monarch butterfly. New York, Orchard Books, c1997. 64 p. Rosenblatt, Lynn. Monarch magic! Butterfly activities & nature discoveries. Charlotte, VT, Williamson Pub., c1998. REPRESENTATIVE JOURNAL ARTICLES Brower, L. P. Understanding and misunderstanding the migration of the monarch butterfly (Nymphalidae) in North America 1857-1995. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, v. 49, Dec. 1995: 304-385. Darrach, Brad. Millions of monarchs. Life, v. 16, Aug. 1993: 50-56. Dingle, H., and others. Distribution of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), in western North America. Biological journal of the Linnean Society, v. 85, Aug. 2005: 491-500. Halpern, Sue M. A fragile kingdom. Audubon, v. 100, Mar. /Apr. 1998: 36-45, 99-101. Walton, R. K., and L. P. Brower. Monitoring the fall migration of the monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus (Nymphalidae: Danainae) in eastern North America: 1991-1994. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, v. 50, Jan. 1996: 1-20. Williams, Jennifer J., Douglas Stow, and Lincoln P. Brower. The influence of forest fragmentation on the location of overwintering monarch butterflies in Central Mexico. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, v. 61, no. 2, 2007: 90-104. Zhu, Haisun, Amy Casselman, and Steven M. Reppert. Chasing migration genes: a brain expressed tag resource for summer migratory monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). PLoS one, Jan. 09, 2008. GENERAL INTERNET RESOURCESButterflies of North America The Butterfly Website Children's Butterfly Site Lepidopterists' Society North American Butterfly Association Washington Area Butterfly Club: Serving the Northern Virginia,
District of Columbia, and Maryland Area SELECTED INTERNET RESOURCES: CONSERVATIONButterfly Conservation Initiative Conservation Outpost: Mexico Monarch Program from the San Diego
Zoo Michoacan Reforestation Fund and La Cruz Habitat Protection Project Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation Monarch Larva Monitoring Project Xerces Society: California Monarch Butterfly Conservation Campaign SELECTED INTERNET RESOURCES: MONARCH MIGRATION PROJECTS The Chincoteague Monarch Monitoring Project: Chincoteague National
Wildlife Refuge, Assateague, Virginia. Journey North: Monarch Butterfly Monarch Butterflies: University of Minnesota Monarch Migration Association of North America Monarch Monitoring Project: Cape May Point, New Jersey Monarch Program (San Diego) Monarch Watch Monarchs and Migration from the Science Museum of Minnesota Texas Monarch Project Texas Monarch Watch Compiled by Jennifer Harbster October 1, 2008 |
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