Comparison of Concepts for Powered, Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) Standards for Industrial, WMD, and CBRN Classifications

PAPR STANDARD

INDUSTRIAL

WMD (name to change)

CBRN

PAPR types

Respiratory inlet covering:

(Tight fit or loose fit) @ 3 flow rates: Low, Moderate, High

Tight fit or loose fit @ 2 flow rates (Low and Moderate)

Tight fit only @ 2 flow rates (Moderate and High)

Approval types

Approved per :

Protections as requested

+ inlet covering (Tight or loose fit)

+ IDLH w. O2, non-IDLH escapes

+ Flow rates (Low, Med, High)

Approved Per :

Single protection- CBRN

+ Tight or loose fit

+ NOT for IDLH escape

+ Flow rates (Low, Med)

Approved Per :

Single protection- CBRN

+ Tight fit only

+ IDLH w. O2 , non-IDLH escapes

+ Flow rates (Med, High)

Environments

TIGHT FIT

Entry in characterized

Escape from characterized or uncharacterized with sufficient O2

LOOSE FIT

Entry in characterized

Escape with only from characterized- unit must be removed

TIGHT FIT

Entry in characterized

Escape only from characterized

LOOSE FIT (same as TIGHT)

Entry in characterized

Escape only from characterized

TIGHT FIT

Entry in characterized

Escape from characterized or uncharacterized with sufficient O2

No LOOSE FIT

Pressure type

Positive or non-positive pressure

Positive or non-positive pressure

Positive pressure only

General test condition

Test at max flow

Same

Same

Filter type

Hi efficiency filter (PAPR 100)

Base filter (PAPR 95)

PAPR 100 only

PAPR 100 only

Cartridge/canister usage

Cartridges, canisters, or filters

sealed in original packaging until used

Same

Same

Agent exposure

Not Applicable

Not approved for any agent exposure

Not designed for liquid agent expose

If exposure occurs, dispose of immediately

If liquid agent exposed- disposed of after use

Gas/vapor approval categories

Approved for gas families via TRAs (Test Representative Agents) + additional industrial chemicals

Approved for gas families via TRAs (Test Representative Agents) only

Approved for gas families via TRAs (Test Representative Agents) only

Part 84 requirements

General provisions Subparts A, B, C (fees), D, E, F, G unless specified

Same except subpart C

Fees specified separately

Same except subpart C

Fees specified separately

Containers/packaging conditioning

No environmental conditioning

No environmental conditioning

Environmental conditioning in min packaging

Rough handling

No rough handling requirement

Canister rough handling since uses CBRN canister

Canister rough handling

Labeling

Label- Battery part number on battery pack AND other suitable location if not visible

+ list battery service life (run time)

Same

Same

Labeling- additional

Label- Additional C&L’s as required

Same

Same

Battery life use time

Battery life in 60 min increments

Same

Same

Battery indicators

Battery life indicator- may be passive

Same

Same

Battery life

None

None

Battery- expiration date

Battery alert

Low Battery- 15 min low battery life alert- Must readily detectable without manipulation of the respirator

Same

Same

Battery operation time

Continue to perform properly 15 minutes after rated time at min. specified op. temp.

Same

Same

Low air flow or low pressure indicator

Must readily detectable without manipulation of the respirator

Test at min specified op temp & 25C

Same

Same

System flow –

minimum flow requirements

Test performed on most restrictive cartridge/canister/filter configuration

CONSTANT FLOW

Light flow (work) rating

Tight fit ≥ 85lpm????

Loose fit≥ 115 lpm????

to be determined

Moderate flow rating

Tight fit ≥ 115 lpm

Loose fit≥ 170 lpm

High flow rating

Tight fit ≥ 261 lpm for final 10 minutes of specified operation time

Loose fit ≥ 350 lpm for final 10 minutes of specified operation time

BREATH RESPONSE

(tight fit only)

Low flow rating

≥14.5 res./min @ 10.5 L/min. vol.

Moderate flow rating

≥24res./min.@ 40 L/min

High flow rating

≥ 30 res./min. @ 86 LPM + 30 res./min @ 103 L/min for final 10 minutes of specified operation time

Low and Moderate only

Moderate and High only

Non-powered

system resistance

No requirement: FMEA Failure Modes and Effects Analysis used

Same

Same

Vision

Field of View

Score ≥90 on med. Size

Same

Same

Vision- haze

Haze ≤ 3%

Same

Same

Vision- luminous trans

Luminous Trans ≥ 88%

Same

Same

Abrasion

Optional: Abrasion res-

haze increase ≤4%

Optional: Abrasion res-

haze increase ≤4%

Required

CO2 testing- Machine

CO2- Machine test

Inhaled ≤ 1%

14.5 res.p.m.

10.5L 5%

CO2 inhaled.

Same

Same

CO2 and O2- Human subject

CO2 & O2 Human Subject

≤2%

O2 ≥ 19.5%

@ 3.5 mph walk

Same

Same

Hydration devices (optional)

Hydration (if present)

75mm H2O suction

Leakage ≤ 30 mL/min

Same

Same

Sound

Noise ≤ 80 dBA

Same

Same

Gas/vapor testing concentration:

per system

Testing per cartridge or canister performed at highest flow rate of respirator system on which cartridges or canisters will be used divided by number or cartridges or canisters

Concentration calculation:

Test concentration=

PEL X APF of 50 X safety factor of 10.

Breakthrough = PEL. Ethylene Oxide calculated at 10 X concentration and 10X breakthrough for laboratory purposes.

NOTE: Industrial may choose any combinations of protections.

Same Except for

Carbon Mon.

Ethylene Oxide

Methyl Amine

NOTE: CBRN must be approved for all protections above dashed line shown in industrial column

Same Except for

Carbon Mon.

Ethylene Oxide

Methyl Amine

NOTE: CBRN must be approved for all protections above dashed line shown in industrial column

Gas/vapor test conditions

Gas/Vapor Test conditions

Not preconditioned

Tested at 25% & 85% RH

Same

Same

Gas/vapor test time

Test concentration X rated minutes (in 60 min intervals)

Gas/Vapor Test Time:

60 min

Gas/Vapor Test Time:

Test concentration X rated minutes (in 15 min intervals)

Gas/vapor test flows

Performed on cartridge or canister at max flow rate of system on which it will be used divided by number of cartridges or canisters

Performed at max flow rate of system on which it will be used

Gas/Vapor Test Flow

(canister system)

Constant , Moderate 100 lpm

Constant, High 261 lpm

Demand, Moderate 115 lpm

Demand ,High 300 lpm

Particulate testing concentration:

per system

Particulate PAPR 95 & PAPR 100

PAPR 95- DOP –initial penetration

PAPR 100- DOP- 200 mg loading

20 canisters tested

95.0% or 99.97% efficiency

+6 after cyclohexane if used in conjunction with OV protection

Particulate

DOP- 200 mg

20 canisters

99.97% eff.

after cond.

+6 after cyclohexane

Particulate

PAPR 100 only plus

+6 after cyclohexane

Particulate test conditioning

Tested as received

Test following environmental conditioning

Test following environmental conditioning

Particulate test time

PAPR 95- DOP -instantaneous

PAPR 100- DOP- 200 mg loading then test until no further degradation

PAPR 100- Same

PAPR 100- Same

Particulate test flows

Performed at max flow rate of system on which it will be used

Same

Same

Crisis Provision

Not required

Not required

Panic demand - Canister

Hi flow :5 min @ 100-135 lpm (note: would be the same as constant moderate w. 1-canister PAPR

- OR-

Br. Machine @ 114 lpm & peak flow rate @ 360 lpm

Resistance of Cartridge/canister/filter

Resistance in parallel: +-10%

Same

Same

Canister uniformity system service test

None

System service

Test w. cyclo., SO2, Cyan. Chl. & Phos. On manifold

System service

Test w. cyclo., SO2, Cyan. Chl. & Phos. On manifold

Fogging

Fogging- low temp

VAS ≥ 75 at min temp specified by applicant

Same except at -21C

Same except at -21C

Communications

None required

Communications:

≥70%

Communications:

≥70%

Agent testing

None required

LAT (same)

LAT

Fit testing

LRPL value of 10,000 proposed

Same but value may be revised

Same but value may be revised

Environmental conditioning

None

None

Durability

Hot, cold, vibration, drop

QA

QA per 42 CFR 84

Same

Same

Practical Performance

Determined as part of LRPL

Same

Same

Electronic component analysis

FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis)

Same

Same

Intrinsic safety (optional)

Intrinsic safety- Part 18 or recognized independent lab

Same

Same

ESLI (optional)

ESLI- per present requirement

Not applicable

Not applicable

Shelf life (optional)

Mfr. may list shelf life of components

Same

Same

Valve leakage

Per Part 84 existing requirements

Same

Same

Total system leakage

Determined via LRPL

Same

Same