Sir Francis Drake: A Pictorial Biography by Hans P. Kraus

Bibiliography

The following is a selective list of biographies, chronicles, documentary collections, articles and bibliographical guides descriptive of the career and background of Sir Francis Drake, or relevant to the records of his voyages. It includes all works mentioned in the historical introduction by David W. Waters and Richard Boulind, or cited in the references to it; and it sets out those works which have been found most useful and reliable in compiling the pictorial biography of Drake and in assessing pieces in the H. P. Kraus Collection of material relating to Sir Francis Drake, as described in "The Catalogue of the Collection" (pp. 181-222). Some of the contemporary works entered in this bibliography are themselves items in the H. P. Kraus Collection; where this is the case, the figures in square brackets following the entry refer to the item's number in the Catalogue, where a full description will be found.

In this bibliography annotation has been avoided wherever possible. Remarks have been limited to those considered essential to keep an informed reader from error or waste of time; for instance, the authors of the main original accounts of Drake's voyages are entered individually, and the reader is referred to the publication of the account. Although editions published by academic libraries and learned societies are noted as such throughout, a continuous attempt has been made to assign all entries either to an author or to an editor: to the author in the case of nearly all works published or prepared for publication, at whatever date; to the editor in the case of entries for works consisting of drafts, printed correspondence or miscellaneous writings. The form of abbreviation used in the short citations of references in the historical introduction is appended to this bibliographical entry where there seemed to be any possibility of confusion.

Much further progress with the study of Drake, his contemporaries and his background could be made by using the various works of reference and the standard authorities set out in this list. Many of them contain critical notes on the literature of the subject. The standard bibliographies upon the history of the period and its principal personalities are, for Spain and Spanish America: B. Sánchez Alonso, Fuentes de la historia española e hispano-americana , revised edition (3 vols., Madrid, 1952); and for England: the similarly revised edition of Conyers Read listed below. The latter includes a list of works on Drake among its sections relating to individual seamen. Contemporary works on geography and exploration are listed and dated by E. G. R. Taylor in her Tudor geography , pp. 162-90 and in her sequel to it, Late Tudor and early Stuart geography, 1583-1650 (London, 1934), pp. 177-298. Works on navigation, cosmography and pilotage in the corresponding period are listed and analyzed, with full bibliographical citations, by David W. Waters in the notes and bibliography of his Art of Navigation (listed below). The general reference guide to works on contemporary military history and theory is Maurice J. D. Cockle: A Bibliography of Military Books up to 1642 (London, 1900; reprinted 1957), while those relevant to Sir Francis Drake's training and experience have received an extensive critical listing in the bibliography of English military books of the period added by David W. Waters to his edition of Thomas Greepe's The true and perfecte newes...of Syr Frauncis Drake (listed below).

In one volume it is impossible to cover every single aspect of a career as far-ranging and illustrious as Sir Francis Drake's. References to material on particular aspects of Drake's life and deeds not intensively studied here may be found in the standard works, especially two: Sir Julian Corbett's Drake and the Tudor navy (1898), and Henry R. Wagner's Sir Francis Drake's voyage around the world (1926). The definitive impress that they left upon Drake studies, and the significance of fresh contributions since they wrote have been summed up by W. J. Harte in "Some recent views

of Drake's voyage around the world," in: History , XX (1936), pp. 348-53. Dr. James A. Williamson in 1928 contributed a valuable critical discussion of the literature on Drake: "Books on Drake," in: History , XII, pp. 310-21, while there is an enlightening bibliography of 100 books on Sir Francis Drake by Eleanor Bancroft in the California Historical Society's special publications nos. 13 and 25 (1937 and 1953).

• Amherst of Hackney, Lord, and Basil Thomson (eds.), The Discovery of the Solomon Islands by Alvaro de Mendaña in 1568 (Hakluyt Society Sec Series, nos. 1 & 2, 2. vols., London, 1901).
• [Anderson, George William], "A New, Authentic and complete Account of a Voyage round the World, undertaken and performed by Sir Francis Drake in the 'Pelican'," in his edition of Captain Cook's Voyages ... (London, Alexander Hogg, 1784).
• Andrews, Kenneth R., Drake's voyages: their contribution to English maritime expansion in the reign of Elizabeth (London, 1967).
• Andrews, Kenneth R., Elizabethan privateering (Cambridge, 1964).
• Angulo Iñíguez, Diego, Bautista Antonelli: las fortificaciones americanas en el siglo XVI (Madrid, 1942).
• "Anonymous Narrative" [of the circumnavigation of the globe, MS. by companions of Drake, c. 1589?], British Museum Harleian MS. 280, printed by W. S. W. Vaux ( see below ), pp. 175-86.
• Anthiaume, A., Cartes marines, constructions navales, voyages de découverte chez les normands, 1500-1650 (2 vols., Paris, 1916).
• Arber, Edward (ed.), The first three English books on America [?1511]-1555 A.D., being chiefly Translations, Compilations &c., by Richard Eden, from the writings, maps, &c. of Pietro Martire of Anghiera ... Sebastian Münster . . . [and] Sebastian Cabot . .. [etc.] ... (Birmingham, 1885).
• Averdunk, H., and J. Müller-Reinhard, Gerhard Mercator und die Geographen unter seinen Nachkommen (Gotha, 1914).
• Aydelotte, Frank, "Elizabethan seamen in Mexico and ports of the Spanish Main," in: American Historical Review , XLVIII (1942), pp. 1-19.
• Bacon, Francis, viscount St. Albans: Works ..., edited by James Spedding, R. L. Ellis and D. D. Heath (14 vols., London, 1857-74). [The last seven volumes of this set are an extended biography of Bacon, under the title Letters and Life , but this prints in extenso many of his polemical and incidental works. The first seven volumes of Works ... also appeared in Boston, 15 vols., 1867-73.]
• Baltimore Museum of Art--Walters Gallery, The World Encompassed: an Exhibition of the History of Maps held at the Baltimore Museum of Art... 1952 [catalogue of the exhibition] (Baltimore, Maryland, 1952).
• Bancroft, Eleanor: see California Historical Society.
• Barbour, Violet, "Privateers and pirates of the West Indies," in: American Historical Review , XVI (1911), pp. 529-66.
• Barrow, John, The life, voyages and exploits of Admiral Sir Francis Drake, with numerous original letters (2nd edition, London, 1844).
• Biggar, H. P., "An English expedition to North America in 1527," in: Mélanges d'histoire offerts à M. Charles Bémont (Paris, 1913).
• Bigges, Walter, and Croftes, A Summarie and True Discourse of Sir Frances Drakes West Indian Voyage (London, Richard Field [or Roger Ward], 1589; S.T.C. 3056 and 3057). [There were previous editions in Latin and French and a contemporary one in German. One issue of this account is with maps by Baptista Boazio, one without them.] [20] [21] [22]
• Bindoff, S. T., J. Hurstfield and C. H. Williams (eds.), Elizabethan government and society: essays presented to Sir John Neale (London, 1961).
• Birch, Thomas, Memoirs of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth from the Year 1581 till her Death ... In which the secret intrigues of her court, and the conduct of. . . Robert, Earl of Essex.. are particularly illustrated. From the original papers A. Bacon, Esquire, and other manuscripts (2 vols., London, 1751).
• --, see also under Ralegh, Sir Walter.
• Black, J. B., "Queen Elizabeth, the Sea Beggars and the capture of Brill," in: English Historical Review , XLVI (1931), pp. 30-47.
• --, see also under Oxford History of England.
• Blanco, Tomás, Prontuario histórico de Puerto Rico (2nd edition, San Juan de Puerto Rico, 1943).
• Bolgar, R. R., The classical heritage and its beneficiaries (Cambridge, 1954).
• B[orough], W[illiam], A discours of the variation of the Cumpas [published in a volume combined with R[obert] N[orman], The New Attractive , which also mentions Drake] (London, 1581; S.T.C. 3389).
• Boulind, R. H., "Drake's navigational skills," in: Mariner's Mirror , LIV (1968).
• Bourne, Nicholas, publisher: see under Drake, Sir Francis, and Drake, Sir Francis (1st baronet).
• Boxer, C. R., The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750 (Berkeley, 1963).
• Bradford, Ernle, The Wind Commands Me: a Life of Sir Francis Drake (New York, 1965).
• Braudel, Fernand, La Méditerranée à l'époque de Philippe II (Paris, 1949).
• Breton, Nicholas, A Discourse in commendation of ... Maister Francis Drake (London, 1581; not in S.T.C. ). [17]
• British Museum, Catalogue of the Printed Maps, Charts and Plans in the British Museum (2 vols., London, 1885).
• --, General Catalogue of the Printed Books (245 vols., London, 1954-67).
• --, Sir Francis Drake's voyage round the world: two contemporary maps [ i.e. , the 'French Drake map' by van Sype and Hondius' 'Broadside' map, with notes by F. B. Sprent] (London, revised ed., 1931).
• Bromley, J. S., and E. H. Kossmann (eds.), Britain and the Netherlands (Groningen, 1964).
• Brown, Huntington: see under Hall, Joseph.
• Brown, John Carter (Library), see under John Carter Brown Library.
• Bruce, John (ed.), Annals of the first four years of the reign of Queen Elizabeth , by Sir John Hayward (Camden Society, London, 1840).
• Burney, James, A Chronological History of the Discoveries in the South Sea, or Pacific Ocean (5 vols., London, 1803-17).
• Calderón Quijano, José Antonio, Historia de las fortificaciones en Nueva España (Seville, 1953).
• Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reigns of Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth and James I , edited by R. Lemon and Mrs. Everett Green (12 vols., London, 1856-72).
• --, Foreign Series, of the Reign of Elizabeth , edited by J. Stevenson, A.J. Crosby, A.J. Butler, Mrs. S. C. Lomas, A. B. Hinds and R. B. Wernham (vols. 1-24, covering 1558 to 1589, London, 1863-1964).
• -- and Manuscripts relating to English affairs existing in the archives and collections of Venice and in other libraries of northern Italy , edited by Rawdon Brown, G. Cavendish Bentinck, Horatio F. Brown, etc. (38 vols., London, 1864-1940). [Abbreviated to CSP, Venetian ]
• -- in the Spanish Archives at Simancas and elsewhere (1558-1603), edited by M. A. S. Hume (4 vols., London, 1892-9). [Abbreviated to CSP, Spanish ]
• California Historical Society, Drake's plate of brass: evidence of his visit to California in 1579 , by Herbert E. Bolton, Douglas S. Watson and Eleanor Bancroft (special publication no. 13, San Francisco, 1937). [Includes a bibliography of books on Drake]
• --, Drake's plate of brass authenticated: the report on the plate of brass , by Colin G. Fink, E. P. Polushkin, et al. (special publication no. 14, San Francisco, 1938)
• --, The Plate of Brass: evidence of the visit of Francis Drake to California in the year 1579 (special publication no. 25, San Francisco, 1953). [A new edition combining the Society's nos. 13 and 14, with additions]
• Callender, Sir Geoffrey, "Drake and his detractors," in: Mariner's Mirror , VII (1921), pp. 66-74, 98-105 and 142-52.
• --, "Fresh light on Drake," in: Mariner's Mirror , IX (1923), pp. 16-28. [An examination of the historical value of Juan de Castellanos' Discurso del Capitán Draque , of which it prints extracts in translation]
• Camden, William, The Historie of the most Renowned and Victorious Princess Elizabeth, Late Queene of England... composed by way of Annals , translated [from the original Latin] by Robert Norton (Benjamin Fisher, London, 1630; S.T.C. 4500). [43]
• Castellanos, Juan de, Discurso del Capitán Draque ..., edited by Angel González Palencia (Instituto de Valencia de Don Juan, Madrid, 1921). [The four cantos removed by order of the censor, Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, from the continuation of the Elegías de Varones Ilustres de Indias , of which the first part had appeared in 1589. Consequently this section on Drake did not appear, either, with the remainder of the Elegías when they were published in 1851]
• Cates, Thomas, responsible for publication of the narrative of Drake's voyage of 1585-6 by Walter Bigges, continued by Lieutenant Croftes: see under Bigges .
• Ceán-Bermudez, J. A. and Eugenio de Llaguno y Amírola, Noticias de los arquitectos y arquitectura de España desde su restauración . . . (4 vols., Madrid, 1829). [Contains biographical notes and much of the professional correspondence of the military engineers who constructed the fortifications on the coasts of Spanish America]
• (Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Philip II, King of Spain), Instructions de l'Empereur Charles V à Philippe II Roi d'Espagne et de Philippe II au Prince Philippe son fils .. . (Berlin, 1699).
• Chaunu, Huguette and Pierre, Séville et l'Atlantique, (1504-1650) (11 vols., Paris, 1955-9).
• Cheyney, Edward Potts, A History of England from the defeat of the Armada to the death of Queen Elizabeth (2 vols., London, 1914-26).
• --, "International law under Elizabeth," in: English Historical Review , XX (1905), pp. 659-672.
• Christy, Miller, The Silver Map of the World: a contemporary medallion commemorative of Drake's great voyage (1577-80) (London, 1900).
• Church, E. D., see under Cole.
• Cliffe, Edward, "The voyage of M. John Winter into the South sea, by the straight of Magellan, in consort with M. Francis Drake, begun in the yeere 1577.. ."; printed in Hakluyt (edition of 1598-1600), III, pp. 748-53, and in Vaux, pp. 269-84.
• Cole, G. B., Catalogue of books relating to America forming part of the library of E. D. Church (5 vols., New York, 1907).
• Colección de documentos ingéditos relativos al descubrimiento, conquista y organizacioón de las antiguas posesiones españolas de Ameríca y Ocenía, sacados de los archivos del Reino, y muy especialmente dél de Indias .. . (42 vols., Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, 1864-84). [For the Index to this collection, see under Scháfer]
• Collins, William Edward (ed.), Queen Elizabeth's defence of her proceedings in Church and State . . . (Church History Society, London, 1899).
• Columbus, Christopher: see under Morison, S. E.
• Colvin, Sir Sidney, Early engraving and engravers in England (1545-1695) ... (London, 1905).
• Connell-Smith, Gordon, Forerunners of Drake: a study of English trade with Spain during the early Tudor period (Royal Empire Society no. 5, London, 1954).
• Conway, G. R. G. (ed.), The rare travailes of Job Hortop [published 1591] (Mexico, 1928).
• Cooke, John [Narrative of his voyage with Drake, 1577/8], British Museum Harleian MS. 540, ff. 93 et seq. , first printed in Vaux, pp. 187-218.
• Cooley, W. D. (ed.): Sir Francis Drake his Voyage, 1595, by Thomas Maynarde, together with the Spanish account of Drake's attack on Puerto Rico ... (Hakluyt Society First Series no. 4, London, 1849).
• Corbett, Sir Julian, Drake and the Tudor navy, with a history of the rise of England as a naval power (2 vols., London, 1898).
• --, Successors of Drake (London, 1900).
• Corbett, Sir Julian (ed.), Fighting Instructions, 1530-1816 (Navy Records Society no. 29, London, 1905).
• --, Papers relating to the Navy during the Spanish War, 1585-1587 (Navy Records Society no. II, London, 1898). [Abbreviated to Spanish War ]
• Cortesão, Armando, Cartografia e cartógrafos portugueses dos séculos XV e XVI (2 vols., Lisbon, 1935).
• Croftes, Lieutenant: see under Bigges, Walter.
• Crouch, Nathaniel: see under English Hero.
• Davenport, Frances Gardiner (ed.), European treaties bearing on the history of the United States and its dependencies (3 vols., Washington, D.C., 1917-28).
• Davidson, George, "Francis Drake on the Northwest coast of America ...." in: Transactions and proceedings of the Geographical Society of the Pacific , Second series, V (1908), pp. 1-108.
• Davis, John, The voyages and works of John Davis the navigator , edited by A. H. Markham (Hakluyt Society First Series no. 59, London, 1880). [This includes reprints of both of Davis' principal literary works-- The Worldes Hydrographicall Discription (London, 1595) and the 1607 edition of The Seamans Secrets (London, 1595). Both are works contemporary with Drake and referring to him.]
• D'Ewes, Sir Simonds, Journal of all the Parliaments during the Reign of Queen Elizabeth ... (London, 1682).
• Dictionary of National Biography , edited by Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney Lee (22 vols., Oxford, 1937-8).
• Dietz, F. C., English public finance, 1558-1641 (New York, 1932).
• [Drake, Sir Francis, et al.] Sir Francis Drake Revived: Calling upon this Dull or Effeminate Age to follow his Noble Steps for Gold and Silver. By this Memorable Relation of the Rare occurrences ... in the yeeres 72. and 73.... Faithfully taken out of the Report of M. Christopher Ceely, Ellis Hixom and others....By Philip Nichols, Preacher. Reviewed by Sir Francis Drake himselfe . . . set forth by Sir Francis Drake Baronet ( his Nephew ) now living (London, Nicholas Bourne, 1626; S.T.C. 18544). [There was a second edition in 1628 ( S.T.C. 18545), and several later ones appeared, with additional material, compiled by Nathaniel Crouch under the title The English Hero, or Sir Francis Drake Reviv'd ... (London, 1695 1655, 1695, etc.). [45] The 1628 edition was reprinted textually by Irene A. Wright in her edition of English Voyages to the Spanish Main, 1569-1580, pp. 245-326 , see below ] For The World Encompassed, see next entry.
• [Drake, Sir Francis (1st baronet) (ed.)] The World Encompassed by Sir Francis Drake, Being his next voyage to that to Nombre de Dios formerly imprinted; Carefully collected out of the notes of Master Francis Fletcher Preacher in this imployment . .. (London, Nicholas Bourne, 1628; S.T.C. 7161). [42] [There was a second edition in 1635 ( S.T.C. 7162), and a facsimile reprint of the first, with introduction by A. L. Rowse, and bibliographical notes by Robert O. Dougan (Cleveland, Ohio, 1966). For reprintings in editions of 1854 and 1926 see Vaux, W. S. W., and Penzer, N. M., respectively.] For Sir Francis Drake Revived..., see under Drake, Sir Francis.
• Eden, Richard (editor and translator), A treatyse of the newe India, with other new founde landes and Ilandes, aswell eastwarde as westwarde, as they are knowen and found in these oure dayes, after the descripcion of Sebastian Munster in his boke of universall Cosmographie ... (London, Edward Sutton, 1553; S.T.C. 18244). [Reprinted in his edition of The first three English books on America in 1885 by Edward Arber, see above ]
• Eliott-Drake, Elizabeth, Lady, The family and heirs of Sir Francis Drake (2 vols., London, 1911).
• Elizabeth I, Queen of England: see under Birch, Thomas; Camden, William; Collins, William Edward; and D'Ewes, Sir Simonds.
• Elmendorf, W. W.: see under Heizer, R. F.
• English Hero, The , compiled by Nathaniel Crouch: see under Drake, Sir Francis.
• Falls, Cyril, Elizabeth's Irish wars (London, 1960).
• Fernández Alvarez, Manuéel, "Orígenes de la rivalidad naval hispano-inglesa en el siglo XVI," in: Revista de Indias (1947), pp. 311-69.
• Fernández Asís V., Epistolario de Felipe II sobre asuntos de mar (Madrid, 1943).
• Fernádez Duro, Cesáreo, Armada española desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y León [ sic , for: Aragón] (9 vols., Madrid, 1895-1903).
• --, La Armada Invencible (2 vols., Madrid, 1884-1885).
• Fernández de Navarrete: see under Navarrete.
• Fisher, F.J. (ed.), "The state of England, Anno Dom. 1600" [contemporary MS.] by Sir Thomas Wilson, in: Camden Miscellany , XVI (Camden Society Third Series no. 52, London, 1936)
• Fletcher, Revd. Francis: for his contributions to The World Encompassed, see under Drake, Sir Francis (1st baronet), and Penzer, N. M.
• Foppens, Jean François, Bibliotheca Belgica, sive Virorum in Belgio ... Catalogus (2 vols., Brussels, 1739).
• Freeman, A. Z., "A Moat Defensive: the coast defense scheme of 1295," in: Speculum , XLII (1967), pp. 442-62.
• Fuller, Thomas, The History of the Worthies of England (London, 1662).
• --, The Holy State [and] The Profane State [in one volume with two distinct title pages] (Cambridge, 1642).
• Gawdy MSS.: see under Great Britain and Ireland, Historical Manuscripts Commission.
• Geyl, Pieter, Geschiedenis van de Nederlandse stam (Amsterdam, 1948 seq., in progress).
• Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, A Discourse of a Discoverie for a New Passage to Cataia (London, 1576; S.T.C. 11881). [Reprinted in: Quinn, D. B. (ed.), Sir Humphrey Gilbert , Vol. I.]
• Glasgow, Tom, Jr., "Elizabethan seamen encounter a new menace: the shipworm," in: American Neptune , XXVII (1967), pp. 177-84.
• --, "The shape of the ships that defeated the Spanish Armada," in: Mariner's Mirror , L (1964), pp. 177-87.
• Goris, J. A., Etudes sur les colonies marchandes méridionales . . . à Anvers de 1488 à 1567 (Louvain, 1925).
• Great Britain and Ireland, Historical Manuscripts Commission, Tenth Report, Appendix, part ii, Report on the manuscripts of the family of Gawdy, formerly of Norfolk , edited by Walter Rye (London, 1885). [Abbreviated to: Gawdy MSS. ]
• --, Report on the Pepys manuscripts preserved at Magdalene College, Cambridge , edited by E. K. Purnell (London, 1911). [Abbreviated to: Pepys MSS. ; this is essentially a calendar of three volumes of letters collected by the secretary of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, which came into the possession of his great-granddaughter's husband, the diarist John Evelyn, who transferred them to Samuel Pepys in 1681]
• --, Report on the Manuscripts of the ... Marquis of Salisbury preserved at Hatfield House, Hertfordshire (18 vols., London, 1883-1940). [Abbreviated to: Salisbury MSS. ; these are the official papers of Sir William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, and Sir Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury. For the history of the reign of Elizabeth they possess in themselves an importance equal to that of the documents in the State Papers and the British Museum, many of which in fact derive from the ministry of the Cecils]
• Greepe, Thomas: see under Waters, David W.
• Hakluyt, Richard, The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English nation, made by Sea or over Land, to the most remote and farthest distant Quarters of the earth at any time within the compasse of these 1500. yeeres ... (London, George Bishop and Ralph Newberie, 1589; S.T.C. 12625).[27] [First edition. The first version of the account of Drake's circumnavigation in 1577- 1580, compiled from the accounts of Francis Fletcher and other voyagers and entitled "The Famous Voyage.. . . " was inserted into many copies of this copies of this edition only after the main text was printed, in the form of a gathering of six leaves between pp. 643 and 644. There is strong bibliographical evidence to show that the majority of known copies of the 1589 Hakluyt contain "The Famous Voyage" in this position and that it may even have been issued with the remainder of the text when the volume was actually published, in January or February 1590. This case for the date of 1589 or 1590 for "The Famous Voyage" is set out by Willis Holmes Kerr, "The Treatment of Drake's Circumnavigation in Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' 1589," in: Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America , XXXIV (1940), pp. 281-302. In any case, a comparison of the content of printed texts shows that works in part based upon "The Famous Voyage" appeared as early as 1592. A facsimile of this edition, edited by D. B. Quinn and R. A. Skelton, with a new index by Alison Quinn was published, in 2 volumes, by the Hakluyt Society (London, 1965).]
• --, The Principal Navigations, Voiages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation, made by Sea or over-land, to the remote and farthest distant quarters of the Earth, at any time within the compasse of these 1500. yeeres ... (3 vols., London, George Bishop, Ralph Newberie and Robert Barker, 1598 [or 15991-1600; S.T.C. 12626). [30] [The second edition. Along with accounts of other Drake voyages, Hakluyt again printed "The Famous Voyage" account of the circumnavigation, with some alterations, and duplicated the portion of it relating to some of the events in 1579 in order to establish English claims to California. This edition was reprinted, with a new index and essay by Prof. Sir Walter Raleigh, in 12 volumes (Glasgow, 1903/5).]
• --, see also under Taylor, E. G. R.
• Hale, John Rigby, The art of war and Renaissance England (Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D.C., 1961).
• [Hall, Joseph], The discovery of a New World, or A Description of the South India, Hetherto Unknowne, By an English Mercury ([London], Edward Blount and William Barrett, [1609]; S.T.C. 12686); edited by Huntington Brown (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1937). [The first edition was the Latin one entitled Mundus alter et idem, sive Terra Australis ante hac semper incognita ... (Frankfurt [c. 1605], 1607, etc.; S.T.C. 12685).]
• Hamilton, Earl J., American treasure and the price revolution in Spain, 1501-1650 (Harvard Economic Series, 43, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1934).
• Haring, Clarence H., Trade and navigation between Spain and the Indies in the time of the Hapsburgs (Harvard Economic Series, 19, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1918).
• Harrison, William, "An historical description of the island of Britayne," in: Holinshed , Vol. I, see below .
• Haselden, R. B.,"Is the Drake plate of brass genuine?", in: California Historical Society Quarterly , XVI (1937), pp. 231-4.
• Hawkins, Sir Richard, Observations of Sr Richard Hawkins in his voiage into the South sea, 1593 (London, John Jaggard, 1622; S.T.C. 12962). [Reprinted in Markham, Sir Clements R. (ed.), The Hawkins Voyages, see below ]
• Hayward, Sir John: see under Bruce, John.
• Heckscher, E. F., Mercantilism , translated by Mendel Shapiro (2 vols., London, 1935).
• Heizer, R. F., Francis Drake and the California Indians, 1579 (University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. XLII, no. 3, Berkeley, 1947).
• Heizer, R. F., and W. W. Elmendorf, "Francis Drake's California anchorage in the light of the Indian language, spoken there," in: Pacific Historical Review , XI (1942), pp. 213-7).
• Herrera Oria, Enrique, Felipe II y el Marqués de Santa Cruz en la Empresa de Inglaterra (Madrid, 1946).
• Hill, G. F., "The techniques of Simon van de Passe," in: Numismatic Chronicle , Fourth Series, XV (1915), pp. 230-42.
• Hind, A. M., Margery Corbett and Michael Norton, Engraving in England in the 16th and 17th centuries (3 vols., Cambridge, 1952-64). [Only the first two volumes were used here, and are by Hind alone]
• Holinshed, Raphael, Chronicles ... (3 vols. London, John Harison, George Bishop, Ralph Newberie, Henry Denham and Thomas Woodcocke, 1587; S.T.C. 13569).
• Hollstein, F. W. H., Dutch and Flemish Engravings and Woodcuts, c. 1450-1700 (Amsterdam, 1949 seq.; in progress).
• Hopper, Clarence: see under Leng, Robert.
• Hortop, Job see under Conway, G. R. G.
• Hulton, Paul, and D. B. Quinn, The American drawings of John White, 1577-1590 , with contributions by W. C. Sturtevant, C. E. Raven, R. A. Skelton and Louis B. Wright (2 vols., London, 1964).
• Hume--Rotherby, W., Review of California Historical Society, "Drake's plate of brass authenticated," in: Geographical Journal , XCIV (1939), pp. 54-5.
• Hurstfield, "The succession struggle in Elizabethan England," in: et al. (eds.), Elizabethan government and society .
• Jenkins, Elizabeth, Elizabeth the Great (London, 1965).
• John Carter Brown Library (Brown University), Bibliotheca Americana (2nd edition, 3 vols, in 5, Providence, Rhode Island, 1919-31).
• Jordan, W. K., Philanthropy in England, 1480-1660: a study of the changing pattern social aspirations (London, 1559)
• Julien, Charles-André, Les voyages de découverte et les premiers établissements: XV e et XVI e siècles (Histoire de l'expansion et de la colonisation françaises, Paris, 1948).
• Kernkamp, J. H., De handel op den vijand, 1572-1609 (2 vols., Utrecht, 1931-4).
• Keynes, John Maynard, A treatise on money (2 vols., London, 1930).
• Kirkpatrick, F. A., "The first recorded English voyage to the West Indies," in: English Historical Review , XX (1904 , pp. 115-24.
• Kossmann, E. H.: see under Bromley, J. S.
• Lacour [de la Pijardiére], Louis (ed.), Mémoire du voiage en Russie, fait en 1586 par Jehan Sauvage, suivi de l'Expédition de Fr. Drake en Amérique à la même époque, publiés la première fois d'après les manuscrits de la Bib. imp. (Paris, 1855).
• Landín Carrasco, Amancio, Vida y viajes de Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa (Madrid, 1945).
• La Roncière, Charles de, "Un atlas inconnu de la dernière expédition de Drake (vues prises de son bord)," in: Bulletin de géographie historique et descriptive (1909), pp. 396-404.
• Laughton, Sir John Knox (ed.), State Papers relating to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, anno 1588 (Navy Records Society nos. 1 and 2, 2 vols., London, 1894). [Abbreviated to Defeat of the Spanish Armada ]
• Leng, Robert, "Sir Francis Drake's memorable service done against the Spaniards in 1587 ...," edited by Clarence Hopper, in: the Camden Miscellany , V (Camden Society First Series no. 87, London, 1863).
• Lewis, Michael, The Spanish Armada (London, 1960).
• Linden, H. van der, "Alexander VI and the demarcation of the maritime and colonial dominions of Spain and Portugal, 1493-1494," in: American Historical Review , XXII (1916), pp. 1-20.
• Llaguno y Amírola, Eugenio de: see under Ceán-Bermúdez, J. A.
• Lloyd, Christopher C., Sir Francis Drake (London, 1957).
• --, see also under Naish, G. P. B.
• Loomie, Albert, S.J., The Spanish Elizabethans: the English exiles at the court of Philip II (New York, 1963).
• Lynam, Edward, "English maps and map-makers of the sixteenth century," in: Geographical Journal , CXVI (1950), pp. 7-28 [especially for his supplementary notice on Boazio, pp. 25-8].
• Lynch, John, "Philip II and the Papacy," in: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Fifth Series, XI (1961), pp. 23-42.
• -- Spain under the Habsburgs, 1516-1700 (vol. I, Oxford, 1964).
• Mackie, J. D.: see under Oxford History of England.
• Markham, Arthur Hastings: see under Davis, John.
• Markham, Sir Clements R. (ed.), The Hawkins Voyages during the reigns of Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth and James I (Hakluyt Society First Series no. 57, London, 1878). [Includes a reprinting of Sir Richard Hawkins's Observations ...(1622)]
• --, Narratives of the Voyages of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa to the Straits of Magellan (Hakluyt Society First Series no. 91, London, 1895).
• Martínez Cardlós, J. M., Las Indias en las Cortes de Castilla (Madrid, 1954).
• Martire d'Anghiera, Pietro: see under Arber, Edward.
• Mattingly, Garrett, The Armada (Boston, 1959).
• Maura, Gonzalo Maura Gamazo, 2nd Duke of, El designio de Felipe II y el episodio de la Armada Invencible (Madrid, 1957). [This prints many of the King's letters to the Duke of Medina Sidonia, especially those relating to Drake's raid on Cadiz and to the preparations for the Armada in 1587-8]
• Maynarde, Thomas, Sir Francis Drake his voyage, 1595 , published by the Hakluyt Society, 1849, edited by W. D. Cooley, see above .
• Medina, José Toribio, Biblioteca Hipano-Chilena, 1523-1817 (3 vols., Santiago de Chile, 1897-9).
• --, El Piloto Juan Fernández, descubridor de las islas que llevan su nombre, y Juan Jufré, armador de la expedición que hizo en busca de otras en el Mar del Sur (Santiago de Chile, 1918).
• Merriman, Roger Bigelow, The rise of the Spanish Empire in the Old World and the New (4 vols., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1918-34).
• Meyerstein, E. H. W., "Troubles of Devonshire mariners in Spanish ports, 1550," in: Mariner's Mirror , XXXV (1949), pp. 146-50.
• Milford Haven, Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of, British Naval Medals (London, 1919).
• Monson, Sir William, The Naval Tracts of Sir William Monson [composed mainly around 1640, but including many professional papers and official memoranda on naval affairs originating during the preceding half-century; largely printed in Awnsham and John Churchill's Collection of Voyages and Travels (1704-1732), Vol. III, pp. 163-560; but complete, from the original MSS., here for the first time], edited by M. Oppenheim (5 vols., Navy Records Society nos. 22, 23, 43, 45 and 47, London, 1902-14).
• Morison, Samuel Eliot (ed.), Journals and other documents on the life and voyages of Christopher Columbus (New York, 1963).
• Müller-Reinhard, J.: see under Averdunk, H.
• Müinster, Sebastian: see under Eden, Richard.
• Naish, F. C. Prideaux, "The mystery of the tonnage and dimensions of the Pelican-Golden Hind ," in: Mariner's Mirror , XXXIV (1948), pp. 42-5.
• Naish, G. P. B. (ed.), "Documents illustrating the history of the Spanish Armada" [including an English translation of the narrative of Petruccio Ubaldino], in: The Naval Miscellany , IV, edited by Christopher C. Lloyd (Navy Records Society no. 92, London, 1952).
• Navarrete, Martin Fernández de, Biblioteca marítima española (2 vols., Madrid, 1851). [A biographical as well as a bibliographical dictionary of Spanish sea officers and writers on maritime subjects]
• --, Colección, de los viages que han hecho los castellanos por mar y tierra desde fines del siglo XV (5 vols., Madrid, 1825-37).
• Neale, Sir John, Elizabeth I and her parliaments (2 vols., London, 1953-7).
• --, Queen Elizabeth (London, 1934).
• --, see also under Bindoff, S. T.
• Nederlandsch Historisch Scheepvaart Museum, Amsterdam, Catalogus der Bibliotheek ... (2 vols., Amsterdam, 1960).
• Nichols, Revd. Philip: see under Drake, Sir Francis.
• Nordenskiöld, Baron A. E. von, Facsimile Atlas to the early history of cartography ..., translated by Johann Adolf Ekelof and Clements R. Markham (Stockholm, 1893).
• Norton, Robert: see under Camden, William.
• Nowell, Charles E., "The treaty of Tordesillas and the diplomatic background to American history," in: Greater America: essays in honor of Herbert Eugene Bolton (San Francisco, 1945).
• Nuttall, Zelia (ed.), New light on Drake: a collection of documents relating to his voyage of circumnavigation, 1577-2580 (Hakluyt Society Second Series no. 34, London, 1914).
• Oman, Sir Charles, A history of the art of war in the sixteenth century (London, 1937).
• Oppenheim, L., International law , Volume I: "Peace," 8th edition, by H. Lauterpacht (London, 1955).
• Oppenheim, M., A history of the administration of the Royal Navy and its relation to merchant shipping, 1509-1660 (London, 1896).
• --, see also under Monson, Sir William.
• Oxford Book of English Verse , new edition, edited by Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch (Oxford, 1966).
• Oxford History of England , "The Earlier Tudors, 1485-1558," by J. D. Mackie (Oxford, 1952); "The Reign of Elizabeth, 1558-1603," by J. B. Black (2nd edition, Oxford, 1959).
• Oxford History of English Literature , edited by F. P. Wilson and Bonamy Dobrée (12 vols. in 14), III. "English Literature in the Sixteenth Century", by C. S. Lewis (Oxford, 1945); V. "English Literature in the earlier Seventeenth Century," by Douglas Bush (Oxford, 1947).
• Palacio Atard, Vicente, Derrota, agotamiento, decadencia en la España del siglo XVII (Madrid, 1949).
• Palau y Dulcet, Antonio, Manual del librero hispano-americano (Barcelona, 1923-7; 2nd [revised] edition, 1948-64).
• Parry, John Horace, The Age of Reconnaissance, 1450-1650 (London, 1963).
• --, The Spanish sea-borne empire (London, 1965).
• --, The Spanish theory of empire (Cambridge, 1940).
• Pastells, Pablo, S. J., El descubrimiento del Estrecho de Magallanes (2 vols., Madrid, 1920).
• Penrose, Boies, Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620 (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1955).
• Penzer, N. M. (ed.), The World Encompassed, and analogous contemporary documents concerning Sir Francis Drake's circumnavigation of the world ... (London, 1926). [Prints Francis Fletcher's manuscript in full and adds selections from documents mainly already printed by Zelia Nuttall]
• Pepys: see under Great Britain ..., Historical Manuscripts Commission.
• Pérez Pastor, Cristóbal, Bibliografía madrileña ... (3 vols., Madrid, 1891-1907).
• Philip II, King of Spain: see under Calendar of State Papers, Spanish ; Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; Fernández Asís, V.; Fernández Duro, Cesáreo; Maura, Duke of.
• Pollard, A. W. and G. R. Redgrave (compilers), A Short-Title Catalogue of books printed in England, Scotland, & Ireland, and of English books printed abroad, 1475-1640 (London, 1926). [Abbreviated to S.T.C. ]
• Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus Posthumus, or, Purchas his Pilgrimes ... (5 vols., London, 1625; S.T.C. 20509). [40] Reprinted in 20 vols., with new index (Glasgow, 1905-7).
• Quinn, David Beers, "Some Spanish reactions to Elizabethan colonising enterprises," in: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Fifth Series, I (1951), pp. 1-23.
• -- (ed.), The Roanoke Voyages, 1584-1590: documents to illustrate the English voyages to North America under the patent granted to Walter Raleigh in 1584 (Hakluyt Society Second Series nos. 104-5, 2. vols., Cambridge, 1955).
• -- (ed.), The Voyages and Colonising Enterprises of Sir Humphrey Gilbert (Hakluyt Society Second Series nos. 83-4, 2 vols., London, 1940).
• --, see also under Hakluyt, Richard, and Hulton, Paul.
• Raemdonck, J. van, Gérard Mercator, sa vie et ses oeuvres (St-Nicolas, 1869).
• Ralegh, Sir Walter, The Works of Sir Walter Ralegh, Kt., political, commercial and philosophical, together with his letters and poems ... To which is prefix'd a new account of his life , by Tho. Birch (2 vols., London, 1751).
• Read, Conyers, Lord Burghley and Queen Elizabeth (New York, 1960).
• --, Mr. Secretary Cecil and Queen Elizabeth (London, 1955).
• --, Sir Francis Walsingham (3 vols., London, 1925).
• -- (compiler), Bibliography of British history: Tudor period, 1485-1603 , 2nd edition (Oxford, 1959).
• Redgrave, G. R.: see under Pollard, A. W.
• Revised Prayer Book (London, 1928).
• Robinson, Gregory, "The evidence about the Golden Hind ," in: Mariner's Mirror , XXXV (1949), pp. 56-65.
• --, "A forgotten life of Sir Francis Drake," in: Mariner's Mirror , VII (1921), pp. 10-18. [Discusses the view of Drake given in 1784 by George William Anderson, and examines his comparison of the morality and distinction shown by Drake with those of other circumnavigators]
• --, "The trial and death of Thomas Doughty," in: Mariner's Mirror , VII (1921), pp. 271-82.
• Rosenblat, Angel: see under Sarmiento de Gamboa, Pedro.
• Rowse, A. L.: see under Drake, Sir Francis (1st baronet).
• Ruméu y Armas, Antonio, Piraterías y ataques navales contra las Islas Canarias (3 vols. in 5, Madrid [1945-50]).
• --, Los viajes de John Hawkins a América ( 1562-1595 ) (Seville, 1947).
• Russell, Peter Edward, The English Intervention in Spain &Portugal in the time of Edward III and Richard II (Oxford, 1955).
• Sabin, Joseph, A Dictionary of Books relating to America from its discovery to the present time (29 vols., New York, 1868-1936).
• Salisbury: see under Great Britain.
• Sarmiento de Gamboa, Pedro, Viage al Estrecho de Magallanes por P. Sarmiento de Gamboa en los años de 1579 y 1580 y noticia de la expedition que despues hizo para poblarle (Madrid, 1768).
• --, Viajes al Estrecho de Magallanes ( 1579-1584 ), edited by Angel Rosenblat (2 vols., Buenos Aires, 1950).
• Schaefer, Ernesto, El Consejo Real y Supremo de las Indias (2 vols., Seville, 1935-47).
• --(compiler), Indice de la Colección de Documentos Inéditos de Indias (2 vols., Madrid, 1946).
• Schurz, William Lytle, The Manila Galleon , 2nd edition (New York, 1959).
• Scott, W. R., The constitution and finances of English, Scottish and Irish joint stock companies, to 1720 (3 vols., Cambridge, 1910).
• Shakespeare, William, Mr William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories and Tragedies [the "First Folio," of 1623], in facsimile, edited by Helge Kökeritz and Charles Tyler Prouty (New Haven, 1954).
• Skelton, R. A., Decorative printed maps of the 15th to the 18th centuries ... (London, 1952).
• --, Explorers' Maps: chapters in the cartographic record of geographical discovery (London, 1958).
• --, "The royal map collections of England," in: Imago Mundi , XIII (1956), pp. 181-3.
• --, see also under Hakluyt, Richard, and Hulton, Paul.
• Sottas, Jules, "An atlas of Drake's last voyage," in: Mariner's Mirror , II (1912), pp. 135-42.
• --, "Guillaume Le Testu and his work," in: Mariner's Mirror , II (1912), pp. 65-75.
• Spedding, James: see under Bacon, Francis.
• Sprent, F. B.: see under British Museum.
• Stow, John, The Annales, or Generall Chronicle of England begun ... by maister John Stow, and after him continued ... unto the ende of this present yeere 1614, by E. Howes ... (London, 1615; S.T.C. 23338).
• --, A survay of London, contayning the originall, antiquity, increase, moderne estate, and description of that citie ... (London, J. Wolfe, 1598; S.T.C. 23341).
• Taylor, E. G. R., "Early empire-building projects in the Pacific Ocean, 1565-1585," in: Hispanic American Historical Review , XIV (1934), pp. 296-306.
• --, "Francis Drake and the Pacific: two fragments," in: Pacific Historical Review , I (1932), pp. 360-9.
• --, "Master John Dee, Drake and the Straits of Anian," in: Mariner's Mirror , XV (1929), pp. 125-30. [Largely reprinted in her Tudor Geography , pp. 113-19]
• --, "The missing Draft Project of Drake's voyage of 1577-80," in: Geographical Journal , LXXV (1930), pp. 46-7.
• --, "More light on Drake, 1577-80," in: Mariner's Mirror , XVI (1930), pp. 134-51.
• --, Tudor geography, 1485-1583 (London, 1930).
• --(ed.), The original writings and correspondence of the two Richard Hakluyts (Hakluyt Society Second Series nos. 76-7, 2, vols., London, 1935).
• --(ed.), The Troublesome Voyage of Captain Edward Fenton, 1582-1583 (Hakluyt Society Second Series no. 113, Cambridge, 1959).
• Tenison, E. E., Elizabethan England ... (13 vols., Leamington Spa, 1933-61).
• Tiele, P. A., Mémoire bibliographique sur les journaux des navigateurs néerlandais ... (Amsterdam, 1867).
• Törne, Per Olof von, Don Juan d'Autriche et les projets pour la conquête de l'Angleterre (2 vols., Helsingfors, 1915-28).
• Ubaldino, Petruccio: see under Naish, G. P. B.
• Ulloa, Modesto, La Hacienda real de Castilla en el reinado de Felipe II (Rome, 1963).
• Unwin, Rayner, The defeat of John Hawkins: a biography of his third slaving voyage (London, 1960).
• Vaux, W. S. W. (ed.), The World Encompassed of Sir Francis Drake ... collated with an unpublished manuscript of Francis Fletcher ... (Hakluyt Society First Series no. 16, London, 1854). [Despite the promise of the title, only unsatisfactorily truncated portions of Fletcher's MS. are printed here. The value of this work lies largely in its printing, for the first time, of the account of the expedition up to the time of its entry into the Pacific by John Cooke (who returned thence with John Winter) and the narrative of the whole voyage by anonymous companions of Drake in the Golden Hind. Fletcher's ms. is printed complete in the 1926 edition of The World Encompassed ... by N. M. Penzer, see above.
• Wagner, Henry Raup, "Creation of rights of sovereignty through symbolic acts," in: Pacific Historical Review , VII (1938).
• --, Sir Francis Drake's voyage around the world: its aims and achievements (San Francisco, 1926).
• Wallis, Helen M., "English enterprise in the region of the Strait of Magellan," in: Merchants and Scholars: essays in the history of exploration and trade collected in memory of John Ford Bell , edited by John Parker (Minneapolis, 1965).
• --, "The first English globe: a recent discovery," in: Geographical Journal , CXVII (1951), pp. 275-90.
• --, "Further light on the Molyneux globes," in: Geographical Journal , CXXI (1955), pp. 304-11.
• Waters, David W., The Art of Navigation in England in Elizabethan and early Stuart times (London and New Haven, 1958).
• --, "The Elizabethan Navy and the Armada campaign," in: Mariner's Mirror , XXXV (1949), pp. 90-138.
• --(ed.), The true and perfecte Newes of the woorthy and valiaunt exploytes, performed and doone by that valiant Knight Syr Frauncis Drake: Not onely at Sancto Domingo, and Carthagena, but also nowe at Cales, and uppon the Coast of Spayne by Thomas Greepe. Facsimile from the original edition [London, Thomas Hackett, 1587; S.T.C. 12343], with an introduction and a bibliography of English military books by David W. Waters (Hartford, 1955, Americanum Nauticum no. 3).
• Wernham, R. B., Before the Armada: the growth of English foreign policy, 1485-1558 (London, 1966). [The American edition (New York, 1966) is sub-titled: the emergence of the English nation, 1485-1588 , but is otherwise identical].
• --, "Elizabethan war aims and strategy," in: Elizabethan government and society: see under Bindoff, S. T.
• --, "English policy and the revolt of the Netherlands," in: Bromley and Kossmann (eds.), Britain and the Netherlands, see above .
• --, "Queen Elizabeth and the Portugal expedition of 1589," in: English Historical Review , LXVI (1951), pp. 1-26 and 194-218.
• Willan, Thomas Stuart, Studies in Elizabethan foreign trade (Manchester, 1959).
• Williams, Sir Rodger, The Actions of the Low Countries [composed c. 1585; first published 1618; S.T.C. 25731], edited by D. W. Davies (Folger Shakespeare Lib., Ithaca, N.Y., 1964.)
• Williamson, James A., The Age of Drake (London, 1938).
• --, The English Channel: a history (London, 1959).
• --, Hawkins of Plymouth (London, 1949).
• --, Sir Francis Drake (London, 1951; and edition, New York, 1965).
• --, Sir John Hawkins: the time and the man (Oxford, 1927).
• Wilson, Charles, Mercantilism (Historical Association, London, 1958).
• Wilson, Sir Thomas: see under Fisher, F. J.
• World Encompassed, The . For the first edition, of 1628, etc., and the facsimile of 1966: see under , Drake, Sir Francis (1st baronet); for the edition of 1854: see underV a ux, W. S.W.; for the edition of 1926: see under Penzer, N. M. See also under Baltimore Museum of Art.
• Wright, Irene A. (ed.), Documents concerning English voyages to the Spanish Main, 1569-1580 ... (Hakluyt Society Second Series no. 71, London, 1932). [Reprints, textually, the 1628 edition of Sir Francis Drake Revived .... , pp. 245-326.] [Abbreviated to Wright, Documents 1569-1580.]
• -- (ed.), Further English voyages to Spanish America, 1583-1594 ... (Hakluyt Society Second Series no. 99, London, 1951). [Abbreviated to Wright, Further English Voyages, 1583-1594. ]
• --(ed.), Spanish documents concerning English voyages to the Caribbean, 1527-1568 (Hakluyt Society Second Series no. 62, London, 1929). [Abbreviated to Wright, Documents 1527-1568. ]
• Wroth, Lawrence, "An Elizabethan merchant and man of letters" [ i.e. , John Frampton, translator into English of Pedro de Medina, Nicolás de Monardes and other Spanish writers of works vital to maritime exploration], in: Huntington Library Quarterly , XVII (1953-4), pp. 293-316.

The design, composition, and letterpress printing of the text have been executed by Clarke & Way, Inc., at the Thistle Press in New York. The Pictorial Biography and frontispiece have been printed in offset lithography by The Meriden Gravure Company, Meriden, Connecticut. The binding is by The Russell-Rutter Company, New York.