Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd ed., revised (American Library Association, the Library Association (U.K.), and the Canadian Library Association, 1988-). A detailed set of standardized rules for cataloging various types of library materials. Divided into two parts: rules for creating the bibliographic description, and rules governing the choice and form of entry of headings (access points) in the catalog.
AAT
Art & Architecture Thesaurus
(Getty Institute): A thesaurus, or hierarchical list of preferred terms with cross references, of topical subject terms, forms, genres, occupations and function terms relating to art, architecture, and material culture.
AMIM I
Archival Moving Image Materials: a Cataloging Manual, 1st ed. (Library of Congress, 1984). Superceded by AMIM2. Rules for describing archival moving image materials. Intended to provide guidance within the general framework of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition (AACR2).
AMIM II
Archival Moving Image Materials: a Cataloging Manual, 2nd ed. (Library of Congress, 2000): Rules for describing archival moving image materials. Intended to provide guidance within the general framework of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition (AACR2).
APPM
Archives, Personal Papers, and Manuscripts : a Cataloging Manual for Archival Repositories, Historical Societies, and Manuscript Libraries, 2nd ed. (Society of American Archivists, 1989). Rules for describing primarily textual archival collections, although it includes rules for moving images. Intended to provide guidance within the general framework of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (AACR2).
Card
A paper card, usually 3 x 5 inches in dimension, that is used for typing a catalog record on and is filed in a drawer in a card catalog.
Catalog
A formal inventory, description, and locating aid of the holdings of an archive, library, or other repository, often in card form or computer database form.
Cataloging level
Refers to the level of focus of a cataloging record or description -- higher than, lower than, or at the title level (the resource level).
Classification scheme
A scheme, usually consisting of numbers or alphanumerics or other labels which categorize or subdivide a subject area or a collection of materials. Most classification schemes were originally intended to organize physical items on the shelf; the result was a unique shelving location (call number) for each item, and facilitated browsing of materials by subject.
Collection level
Refers to a cataloging description or record that focuses on a collection or grouping of moving image or audio resources without necessarily describing or cataloging the individual resources fully.
Content standard
A detailed set of rules for preparing bibliographic records to describe and represent items added to a library or archival collection, established to maintain consistency within the catalog and between the catalogs of libraries or archives using the same standard. The word 'content' refers to the content of the bibliographic or descriptive record, not the content of the resource being described such as a moving image resource.
Describing Archives: A Content Standard (Chicago, Ill.: Society of American Archivists, 2004). A product of the
CUSTARD project (Canadian-U.S. Task Force on Archival Description), and funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, designed to facilitate consistent, appropriate, and self-explanatory description of archival materials and creators of archival materials. It can be applied to all types of material at all levels of description. Examples of the application of the rules are provided for two widely used structure standards, MARC 21 and Encoded Archival Description (EAD). The volume consists of three parts: "Describing Archival Materials," "Describing Creators," and "Forms of Names." Separate sections discuss levels of description and the importance of access points to the retrieval of descriptions. Appendices include a glossary, list of companion standards, and crosswalks to APPM, ISAD(G), ISAAR(CPF), MARC 21, and EAD.
DDC
Dewey Decimal Classification: A system of classifying library and archival materials, particularly in small and medium size libraries. All numeric with new numbers added by decimal expansion.
Dublin Core
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative): A standard set of about 15 elements (title, creator, subject, etc.), with optional qualifiers, used to structure descriptive records and facilitate information sharing. Originally intended for use in describing Web-based resources, it is now used also for describing physical collections in museums, libraries, archives, and other repositories. Developed in the mid-1990s.
EAD
Encoded Archival Description (Society of American Archivists, maintained by the Library of Congress): A data interchange standard that defines the structural elements (and their interrelationships) to be used in creating archival inventories or registers (finding aids that supplement broad collection descriptions for archival collections).
FIAF
The
FIAF Cataloguing Rules for Film Archives (K.G. Saur, 1991). Rules for describing archival moving image materials, developed for an international audience by FIAF (Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film, or International Federation of Film Archives). Original hard copy publication out of print but available online at the FIAF site..
Finding aids
Guides, inventories, indexes, registers, lists, or other systems for retrieving archival materials. Finding aids usually provide detailed listings of individual items described collectively in a "collection-level" or "series-level" "record". Typically used in archival collections, particularly text-based collections, for primary source materials, where full cataloging at the item level is cost-prohibitive.
IEEE-LOM
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers - Learning Object Metadata (IEEE). A set of elements used to structure descriptive records and facilitate information sharing. Intended for use in describing learning objects, online learning or instructional materials which have been created by a variety of software such as presentation software or complex authoring software. Developed in the late 1990s.
In-House
Any system, scheme, or practice developed by and for a local archive, library, museum or other repository and generally used only by that repository.
ISBD
International Standard Bibliographic Description (International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA): Standard providing a general framework for the description of different kinds of library materials (books, serials, electronic resources, etc.), including the order of elements in the catalog entry and prescribed punctuation. ISBDs have been integrated into several catalog codes around the world, including Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd ed. (AACR2) and Archival Moving Image Materials: a Cataloging Manual.
LCC
Library of Congress Classification (Library of Congress): A system of classifying library and archival materials, particularly in larger research collections. Divides human knowledge into 20 broad categories indicated by single letters of the roman alphabet, with major subdivisions indicated by a second letter, and narrower subdivisions by decimal numbers and further alphabetic notation.
LCNAF
Library of Congress Name Authority File (Library of Congress). A comprehensive controlled vocabulary (established list of preferred terms, with cross references), primarily of names and jurisdictions, used by thousands of institutions to describe and index persons or bodies who are the subject or, or responsible for the intellectual content of, library and archival material. Part of the Library of Congress Authorities.
LCSH
Library of Congress Subject Headings (Library of Congress). A comprehensive controlled vocabulary (established list of preferred terms, with cross references), primarily of topical subjects, used by thousands of institutions to describe and index the content or subject of library and archival material. Developed for books but also used for moving image materials. Part of the
Library of Congress Authorities.
MARC
Machine Readable Cataloging (Library of Congress): A series of detailed standards for the structuring or tagging of data to facilitate the interchange of records between databases or files. The principal format is the MARC 21 Format for Bibligraphic Data, used for descriptions of library and archival materials. There are also formats for Authority (for controlled vocabularies, or established lists of preferred terms with cross references), Holdings, Classification, and Community information. Developed in the 1960s.
MeSH
Medical Subject Headings (National Library of Medicine): A comprehensive controlled vocabulary (established list of preferred terms, with cross references) used to describe and index the content or subject of library and archival materials in the field of medicine.
Metadata schema
A labeling, tagging, or coding system used for recording cataloging information or structuring descriptive records.
Microform
A storage medium for storing printed text or images in photographically reduced size on a film, usually in the form of microfilm rolls or microfiche cards.
MODS
Metadata Object Description Schema (Library of Congress): A standard set of elements or labels to structure descriptive records. Intended to be able to carry selected data from existing MARC 21 records as well as to enable the creation of original descriptive records. It includes a subset of MARC 21 bibliographic fields and uses language-based tags rather than numeric ones, in some cases regrouping elements from the MARC 21 bibliographic format. Expressed using the
World Wide Web Consortium.
MPEG-7
MPEG-7, formally known as Multimedia Content Description Interface, or ISO 15938 (Moving Picture Experts Group): A set of standardized tools to describe multimedia resources, including still images, moving images, audio, etc. Originally released in late 2001.
NLM
NLM Classification (National Library of Medicine, U.S.): A system of classifying library and archival materials in the field of medicine and related sciences. Designed for use in both large and small library collections. The NLM Classification is a system of mixed notation patterned after the Library of Congress Classification (LCC).
No catalog
An archive or library with no catalog provides no textual method of structuring and locating moving image resources, such as a database, card catalog, printed catalog or finding aid.
OAI data mining
The collecting or harvesting of cataloging or metadata information from OAI compliant databases of repositories, archives, libraries, etc. using the
Open Archives Initiative Protocol. Service providers request data from data provider archives, often according to date stamps.
A metadata schema for describing public broadcasting content: television, radio, and Web activities.
Online networked computer (not web-accessible)
A computerized catalog that is connected to a local area or wide area network and can be searched by catalog users connected to the same network, but cannot be searched using a Web browser.
Print catalog, list or brochure
An archive's catalog that exists in card, book, or printout form, or as a printed list or brochure.
RAD
Rules for Archival Description (Bureau of Canadian Archivists). Rules for describing archival collections in all formats, including moving images, maps, photographs, electronic records, sound recordings, and textual materials. Based on the premise that description should occur on multiple levels (fonds, series, file, and item).
RAK
Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung. Rules for describing materials in all formats. The German cataloging code, analogous to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition (AACR2).
RICA
Regole Italiane di Catalogazione per Autori (Commissione permanente per l'aggiornamento della RICA). Rules for describing materials in all formats. The Italian cataloging code, analogous to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition (AACR2).
Segment level
Refers to a cataloging description or record that focuses on one or more segments in a moving image or audio resource.
Series level
Refers to a cataloging description or record that focuses on the series that individual moving image or audio resources are a part of.
Shot level
Refers to a cataloging description or record that focuses on one or more shots in a moving image resource.
SMEF
Standard Media Exchange Framework (British Broadcasting Corporation): A data dictionary which defines the attributes of data, the entities into which the data is grouped, and the relationships between these entities. It attempts to include all data a business needs to know about a particular media item throughout its life-cycle.
SMPTE
SMPTE Metadata Dictionary with associated guidelines and recommended practices (Society of Moving Pictures and Television Engineers). Metadata schema for digital audiovisual materials, designed for the production environment and covering the entire production chain: pre-production, post-production, acquisition, distribution, broadcasting, storage and archiving.
Standalone computer
A computer that is not connected to any online network and thus cannot share data with another computer.
Subject heading list
A controlled vocabulary (established list of preferred terms, with cross references), usually of topical subjects, which can be added to a descriptive record to enable search and retrieval by subject.
SuDocs
Superintendent of Documents Classification (Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office) A system for classifiying publications of the U.S. federal government, which is designed to uniquely identify, logically relate, and physically arrange each publication so that all publications of a single agency or department may be found together.
TGN
Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (Getty Research Institute): A thesaurus, or hierarchical list of preferred terms with cross references, of geographic names worldwide.
Title level
Refers to a cataloging description or record that focuses on an entire moving image or audio resource.
ULAN
Union List of Artist Names (Getty Research Institute): A structured vocabulary containing names and information about individuals or “corporate bodies″ (i.e., groups of people working together) involved in the design or creation of art and architecture. Scope is global and covers Antiquity to the present, about 220,000 names. Records include spelling variants, nicknames, pseudonyms, biographical data, etc.
Union catalog
A catalog that represents the holdings of more than one repository (archive, library, or museum).
URL
Uniform Resource Locator, the unique address which identifies a resource on the Internet for routing purposes, such as http://www.filmarchive.org.
VRA Core
Visual Resources Association Core Categories (Visual Resources Association): A standard set of about 17 elements, with optional qualifiers, used to structure descriptive records and facilitate information sharing. Intended for use in describing “works of visual culture″ as well as the images that document them.
Web-accessible
Refers to a networked, online computerized catalog that can be searched by catalog users over the Internet, using a web browser. Catalog records will display in a format that can be read and displayed by a browser, such as HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) or XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
A standard which specifies a technical protocol for searching and retrieving information from multiple remote online catalogs or other Z39.50-compliant databases regardless of the native search commands of those individual catalogs or databases. “Z39.50″ refers to the numbers of the ISO and ANSI/NISO standards (ISO 23950 and ANSI/NISO Z39.50). The Library of Congress is the Maintenance Agency and Registration Authority for both standards, which are technically identical.
Art & Architecture Thesaurus
(Getty Institute): A thesaurus, or hierarchical list of preferred terms with cross references, of topical subject terms, forms, genres, occupations and function terms relating to art, architecture, and material culture.