(May 1, 2001; updated November 1, 2007)
The following list contains mnemonics for basic and extended latin characters from the Latin character set, as well as letter-with-diacritic characters and mnemonics for romanization of Russian and Ukrainian that can be used with MARCMaker version 2.5. Since the inclusion of anything but the basic latin alphabet can be problematic for MARCMaker, it is recommended that you encode special characters using one of the mnemonic strings listed below. Optionally, you can convert to the appropriate mnemonics as a last step prior to conversion of textual data to MARC format.
MARCMaker converts any listed mnemonic to its hexadecimal equivalent. The curly braces “{” (7Bx/123d) and “}” (7Dx/125d) are used in MARCMaker to delimit mnemonics converted according to this table. Any characters not delimited by the curly braces are passed unchanged into the MARC output record. Mnemonics encountered in a text file that are not listed in this table are passed to the output record preceded by an ampersand (&) and followed by a semicolon (;). Thus “{zilch}” would become “&zilch;” in the output record.
Mnemonics in this table are enclosed in curly braces “{...}”. When a mnemonic is mapped to more than one character, the character codes are separated by a space.
Mnemonic | Hex value | Decimal value | Name/comment |
---|---|---|---|
{0} | 30x | 048d | zero |
{00} | 00x | 000d | hex value 00 |
{01} | 01x | 001d | hex value 01 |
{02} | 02x | 002d | hex value 02 |
{03} | 03x | 003d | hex value 03 |
{04} | 04x | 004d | hex value 04 |
{05} | 05x | 005d | hex value 05 |
{06} | 06x | 006d | hex value 06 |
{07} | 07x | 007d | hex value 07 |
{08} | 08x | 008d | hex value 08 |
{09} | 09x | 009d | hex value 09 |
{0A} | 0Ax | 010d | hex value 0A |
{0B} | 0Bx | 011d | hex value 0B |
{0C} | 0Cx | 012d | hex value 0C |
{0D} | 0Dx | 013d | hex value 0D |
{0E} | 0Ex | 014d | hex value 0E |
{0F} | 0Fx | 015d | hex value 0F |
{1} | 31x | 049d | digit one |
{10} | 10x | 016d | hex value 10 |
{11} | 11x | 017d | hex value 11 |
{12} | 12x | 018d | hex value 12 |
{13} | 13x | 019d | hex value 13 |
{14} | 14x | 020d | hex value 14 |
{15} | 15x | 021d | hex value 15 |
{16} | 16x | 022d | hex value 16 |
{17} | 17x | 023d | hex value 17 |
{18} | 18x | 024d | hex value 18 |
{19} | 19x | 025d | hex value 19 |
{1A} | 1Ax | 026d | hex value 1A |
{1B} | 1Bx | 027d | escape |
{1C} | 1Cx | 028d | hex value 1C |
{1D} | 1Dx | 029d | end of record |
{1E} | 1Ex | 030d | end of field |
{1F} | 1Fx | 031d | subfield delimiter |
{2} | 32x | 050d | digit two |
{20} | 20x | 032d | space (blank) |
{21} | 21x | 033d | exclamation point |
{22} | 22x | 034d | quotation mark |
{23} | 23x | 035d | number sign |
{24} | 24x | 036d | dollar sign |
{25} | 25x | 037d | percent sign |
{26} | 26x | 038d | ampersand |
{27} | 27x | 039d | apostrophe |
{28} | 28x | 040d | left parenthesis |
{29} | 29x | 041d | right parenthesis |
{2A} | 2Ax | 042d | asterisk |
{2B} | 2Bx | 043d | plus |
{2C} | 2Cx | 044d | comma |
{2D} | 2Dx | 045d | hyphen-minus |
{2E} | 2Ex | 046d | period/decimal point |
{2F} | 2Fx | 047d | solidus (slash) |
{3} | 33x | 051d | digit three |
{30} | 30x | 048d | digit zero |
{31} | 31x | 049d | digit one |
{32} | 32x | 050d | digit two |
{33} | 33x | 051d | digit three |
{34} | 34x | 052d | digit four |
{35} | 35x | 053d | digit five |
{36} | 36x | 054d | digit six |
{37} | 37x | 055d | digit seven |
{38} | 38x | 056d | digit eight |
{39} | 39x | 057d | digit nine |
{3A} | 3Ax | 058d | colon |
{3B} | 3Bx | 059d | semicolon |
{3C} | 3Cx | 060d | less than |
{3D} | 3Dx | 061d | equals sign |
{3E} | 3Ex | 062d | greater than |
{3F} | 3Fx | 063d | question mark |
{4} | 34x | 052d | digit four |
{40} | 40x | 064d | commercial at sign |
{41} | 41x | 065d | latin large letter a |
{42} | 42x | 066d | latin large letter b |
{43} | 43x | 067d | latin large letter c |
{44} | 44x | 068d | latin large letter d |
{45} | 45x | 069d | latin large letter e |
{46} | 46x | 070d | latin large letter f |
{47} | 47x | 071d | latin large letter g |
{48} | 48x | 072d | latin large letter h |
{49} | 49x | 073d | latin large letter i |
{4A} | 4Ax | 074d | latin large letter j |
{4B} | 4Bx | 075d | latin large letter k |
{4C} | 4Cx | 076d | latin large letter l |
{4D} | 4Dx | 077d | latin large letter m |
{4E} | 4Ex | 078d | latin large letter n |
{4F} | 4Fx | 079d | latin large letter o |
{5} | 35x | 053d | digit five |
{50} | 50x | 080d | latin large letter p |
{51} | 51x | 081d | latin large letter q |
{52} | 52x | 082d | latin large letter r |
{53} | 53x | 083d | latin large letter s |
{54} | 54x | 084d | latin large letter t |
{55} | 55x | 085d | latin large letter u |
{56} | 56x | 086d | latin large letter v |
{57} | 57x | 087d | latin large letter w |
{58} | 58x | 088d | latin large letter x |
{59} | 59x | 089d | latin large letter y |
{5A} | 5Ax | 090d | latin large letter z |
{5B} | 5Bx | 091d | left bracket |
{5C} | 5Cx | 092d | back slash (reverse solidus) |
{5D} | 5Dx | 093d | right bracket |
{5E} | 5Ex | 094d | spacing circumflex |
{5F} | 5Fx | 095d | spacing underscore |
{6} | 36x | 054d | digit six |
{60} | 60x | 096d | spacing grave |
{61} | 61x | 097d | latin small letter a |
{62} | 62x | 098d | latin small letter b |
{63} | 63x | 099d | latin small letter c |
{64} | 64x | 100d | latin small letter d |
{65} | 65x | 101d | latin small letter e |
{66} | 66x | 102d | latin small letter f |
{67} | 67x | 103d | latin small letter g |
{68} | 68x | 104d | latin small letter h |
{69} | 69x | 105d | latin small letter i |
{6A} | 6Ax | 106d | latin small letter j |
{6B} | 6Bx | 107d | latin small letter k |
{6C} | 6Cx | 108d | latin small letter l |
{6D} | 6Dx | 109d | latin small letter m |
{6E} | 6Ex | 110d | latin small letter n |
{6F} | 6Fx | 111d | latin small letter o |
{7} | 37x | 055d | digit seven |
{70} | 70x | 112d | latin small letter p |
{71} | 71x | 113d | latin small letter q |
{72} | 72x | 114d | latin small letter r |
{73} | 73x | 115d | latin small letter s |
{74} | 74x | 116d | latin small letter t |
{75} | 75x | 117d | latin small letter u |
{76} | 76x | 118d | latin small letter v |
{77} | 77x | 119d | latin small letter w |
{78} | 78x | 120d | latin small letter x |
{79} | 79x | 121d | latin small letter y |
{7A} | 7Ax | 122d | latin small letter z |
{7B} | 7Bx | 123d | opening curly brace |
{7C} | 7Cx | 124d | fill/bar over bar/pipe |
{7D} | 7Dx | 125d | closing curly brace |
{7E} | 7Ex | 126d | spacing tilde |
{7F} | 7Fx | 127d | hex value 7F |
{8} | 38x | 056d | digit eight |
{80} | 80x | 128d | hex value 80 |
{81} | 81x | 129d | hex value 81 |
{82} | 82x | 130d | hex value 82 |
{83} | 83x | 131d | hex value 83 |
{84} | 84x | 132d | hex value 84 |
{85} | 85x | 133d | hex value 85 |
{86} | 86x | 134d | hex value 86 |
{87} | 87x | 135d | hex value 87 |
{88} | 88x | 136d | hex value 88 |
{89} | 89x | 137d | hex value 89 |
{8A} | 8Ax | 138d | hex value 8A |
{8B} | 8Bx | 139d | hex value 8B |
{8C} | 8Cx | 140d | hex value 8C |
{8D} | 8Dx | 141d | zero width joiner |
{8E} | 8Ex | 142d | zero width non-joiner |
{8F} | 8Fx | 143d | hex value 8F |
{9} | 39x | 057d | digit nine |
{90} | 90x | 144d | hex value 90 |
{91} | 91x | 145d | hex value 91 |
{92} | 92x | 146d | hex value 92 |
{93} | 93x | 147d | hex value 93 |
{94} | 94x | 148d | hex value 94 |
{95} | 95x | 149d | hex value 95 |
{96} | 96x | 150d | hex value 96 |
{97} | 97x | 151d | hex value 97 |
{98} | 98x | 152d | hex value 98 |
{99} | 99x | 153d | hex value 99 |
{9A} | 9Ax | 154d | hex value 9A |
{9B} | 9Bx | 155d | hex value 9B |
{9C} | 9Cx | 156d | hex value 9C |
{9D} | 9Dx | 157d | hex value 9D |
{9E} | 9Ex | 158d | hex value 9E |
{9F} | 9Fx | 159d | hex value 9F |
{A} | 41x | 065d | latin large letter a |
{a} | 61x | 097d | latin small letter a |
{A0} | A0x | 160d | no-break space |
{A1} | A1x | 161d | latin large letter l with stroke |
{A2} | A2x | 162d | latin large letter o with stroke |
{A3} | A3x | 163d | latin large letter d with stroke |
{A4} | A4x | 164d | latin large letter thorn |
{A5} | A5x | 165d | latin large letter AE |
{A6} | A6x | 166d | latin large letter OE |
{A7} | A7x | 167d | modifier letter prime/soft sign |
{A8} | A8x | 168d | middle dot |
{A9} | A9x | 169d | musical flat sign |
{AA} | AAx | 170d | registered sign |
{Aacute} | E2x 41x | 226d 065d | latin large letter a with acute |
{aacute} | E2x 61x | 226d 097d | latin small letter a with acute |
{AB} | ABx | 171d | plus-minus sign |
{Abreve} | E6x 41x | 230d 065d | latin large letter a with breve |
{abreve} | E6x 61x | 230d 097d | latin small letter a with breve |
{AC} | ACx | 172d | latin large letter o with horn |
{Acirc} | E3x 41x | 227d 065d | latin large letter a with circumflex |
{acirc} | E3x 61x | 227d 097d | latin small letter a with circumflex |
{acute} | E2x | 226d | combining acute |
{AD} | ADx | 173d | latin large letter u with horn |
{AE} | AEx | 174d | modifier letter right half ring/alif |
{AElig} | A5x | 165d | latin large letter AE |
{aelig} | B5x | 181d | latin small letter ae |
{AF} | AFx | 175d | hex value AF |
{agr} | 61x | 098d | greek small letter alpha |
{Agrave} | E1x 41x | 225d 065d | latin large letter a with grave |
{agrave} | E1x 61x | 225d 097d | latin small letter a with grave |
{alif} | AEx | 174d | modifier letter right half ring (alif) |
{amp} | 26x | 038d | ampersand |
{Aogon} | F1x 41x | 241d 065d | latin large letter a with ogon (hook right) |
{aogon} | F1x 61x | 241d 097d | latin small letter a with ogon (hook right) |
{apos} | 27x | 039d | apostrophe |
{arab} | 28x 33x | 040d 051d | begin arabic script |
{Aring} | EAx 41x | 234d 065d | latin large letter a with ring |
{aring} | EAx 61x | 234d 097d | latin small letter a with ring |
{ast} | 2Ax | 042d | asterisk |
{asuper} | 61x | 097d | superscript a |
{Atilde} | E4x 41x | 228d 065d | latin large letter A with tilde |
{atilde} | E4x 61x | 228d 097d | latin small letter a with tilde |
{Auml} | E8x 41x | 232d 065d | latin large letter A with umlaut |
{auml} | E8x 61x | 232d 097d | latin small letter a with umlaut |
{ayn} | B0x | 176d | modifier letter left half ring (ayn) |
{B} | 42x | 066d | latin large letter b |
{b} | 62x | 098d | latin small letter b |
{B0} | B0x | 176d | modifier letter left half ring/ayn |
{B1} | B1x | 177d | latin small letter l with stroke |
{B2} | B2x | 178d | latin small letter o with stroke |
{B3} | B3x | 179d | latin small letter d with stroke |
{B4} | B4x | 180d | latin small letter thorn |
{B5} | B5x | 181d | latin small letter ae |
{B6} | B6x | 182d | latin small letter oe |
{B7} | B7x | 183d | modifier letter double prime/hard sign |
{B8} | B8x | 184d | latin small letter dotless i |
{B9} | B9x | 185d | pound sign |
{BA} | BAx | 186d | latin small letter eth |
{BB} | BBx | 187d | hex value BB |
{BC} | BCx | 188d | latin small letter o with horn |
{BD} | BDx | 189d | latin small letter u with horn |
{BE} | BEx | 190d | hex value BE |
{BF} | BFx | 191d | hex value BF |
{bgr} | 62x | 099d | greek small letter beta |
{breve} | E6x | 230d | combining breve |
{breveb} | F9x | 249d | combining breve below |
{brvbar} | 7Cx | 124d | broken vertical bar |
{bsol} | 5Cx | 092d | reverse solidus (back slash) |
{bull} | 2Ax | 042d | bullet |
{C} | 43x | 067d | latin large letter c |
{c} | 63x | 099d | latin small letter c |
{C0} | C0x | 192d | degree sign |
{C1} | C1x | 193d | latin small letter script l |
{C2} | C2x | 194d | sound recording copyright |
{C3} | C3x | 195d | copyright sign |
{C4} | C4x | 196d | sharp |
{C5} | C5x | 197d | inverted question mark |
{C6} | C6x | 198d | inverted exclamation mark |
{C7} | C7x | 199d | hex value C7 |
{C8} | C8x | 200d | hex value C8 |
{C9} | C9x | 201d | hex value C9 |
{CA} | CAx | 202d | hex value CA |
{Cacute} | E2x 43x | 226d 067d | latin large letter c with acute |
{cacute} | E2x 63x | 226d 099d | latin small letter c with acute |
{candra} | EFx | 239d | combining candrabindu |
{caron} | E9x | 233d | combining hacek |
{CB} | CBx | 203d | hex value CB |
{CC} | CCx | 204d | hex value CC |
{Ccaron} | E9x 43x | 233d 067d | latin large letter c with caron |
{ccaron} | E9x 63x | 233d 099d | latin small letter c with caron |
{Ccedil} | F0x 43x | 240d 067d | latin large letter c with cedilla |
{ccedil} | F0x 63x | 240d 099d | latin small letter c with cedilla |
{CD} | CDx | 205d | hex value CD |
{CE} | CEx | 206d | hex value CE |
{cedil} | F0x | 240d | combining cedilla |
{cent} | 63x | 099d | cent sign |
{CF} | CFx | 207d | hex value CF |
{circ} | E3x | 227d | combining circumflex |
{circb} | F4x | 244d | combining circumflex below |
{cjk} | 24x 31x | 036d 049d | begin chinese japanese korean script |
{colon} | 3Ax | 058d | colon |
{comma} | 2Cx | 044d | comma |
{commaa} | FEx | 254d | combining comma above |
{commab} | F7x | 247d | combining comma below |
{commat} | 40x | 064d | commercial at sign |
{copy} | C3x | 195d | copyright sign |
{curren} | 2Ax | 042d | currency sign |
{cyril} | 28x 4Ex | 040d 078d | begin cyrillic script |
{D} | 44x | 068d | latin large letter d |
{d} | 64x | 100d | latin small letter d |
{D0} | D0x | 208d | hex value D0 |
{D1} | D1x | 209d | hex value D1 |
{D2} | D2x | 210d | hex value D2 |
{D3} | D3x | 211d | hex value D3 |
{D4} | D4x | 212d | hex value D4 |
{D5} | D5x | 213d | hex value D5 |
{D6} | D6x | 214d | hex value D6 |
{D7} | D7x | 215d | hex value D7 |
{D8} | D8x | 216d | hex value D8 |
{D9} | D9x | 217d | hex value D9 |
{DA} | DAx | 218d | hex value DA |
{Dagger} | 7Cx | 124d | double dagger |
{dagger} | 7Cx | 124d | dagger |
{DB} | DBx | 219d | hex value DB |
{dblac} | EEx | 238d | combining double acute |
{dbldotb} | F3x | 243d | combining double dot below |
{dblunder} | F5x | 245d | combining double underscore |
{DC} | DCx | 220d | hex value DC |
{Dcaron} | E9x 44x | 233d 068d | latin large letter d with caron |
{dcaron} | E9x 64x | 233d 100d | latin small letter d with caron |
{DD} | DDx | 221d | hex value DD |
{DE} | DEx | 222d | hex value DE |
{deg} | C0x | 192d | degree sign |
{DF} | DFx | 223d | hex value DF |
{diaer} | E8x | 232d | combining diaeresis |
{divide} | 2Fx | 047d | Divide sign (CP850) |
{dollar} | 24x | 036d | dollar sign |
{dot} | E7x | 231d | combining dot above |
{dotb} | F2x | 242d | combining dot below |
{Dstrok} | A3x | 163d | latin large letter d with stroke |
{dstrok} | B3x | 179d | latin small letter d with stroke |
{E} | 45x | 069d | latin large letter e |
{e} | 65x | 101d | latin small letter e |
{E0} | E0x | 224d | combining hook above |
{E1} | E1x | 225d | combining grave |
{E2} | E2x | 226d | combining acute |
{E3} | E3x | 227d | combining circumflex |
{E4} | E4x | 228d | combining tilde |
{E5} | E5x | 229d | combining macron |
{E6} | E6x | 230d | combining breve |
{E7} | E7x | 231d | combining dot above |
{E8} | E8x | 232d | combining diaeresis |
{E9} | E9x | 233d | combining hacek |
{EA} | EAx | 234d | combining ring above |
{ea} | eax | 234d | combining ring above |
{Eacute} | E2x 45x | 226d 069d | latin large letter e with acute |
{eacute} | E2x 65x | 226d 101d | latin small letter e with acute |
{EB} | EBx | 235d | combining ligature left half |
{EC} | ECx | 236d | combining ligature right half |
{Ecaron} | E9x 45x | 233d 069d | latin large letter e with caron |
{ecaron} | E9x 65x | 233d 101d | latin small letter e with caron |
{Ecirc} | E3x 45x | 227d 069d | latin large letter e with circumflex |
{ecirc} | E3x 65x | 227d 101d | latin small letter e with circumflex |
{ED} | EDx | 237d | combining comma above right |
{EE} | EEx | 238d | combining double acute |
{EF} | EFx | 239d | combining candrabindu |
{Egrave} | E1x 45x | 225d 069d | latin large letter e with grave |
{egrave} | E1x 65x | 225d 101d | latin small letter e with grave |
{Ehookr} | F1x 45x | 241d 069d | latin large letter e with right hook (ogonek) |
{ehookr} | F1x 65x | 241d 101d | latin small letter e with right hook (ogonek) |
{Eogon} | F1x 45x | 241d 069d | latin large letter e with ogonek (right hook) |
{eogon} | F1x 65x | 241d 101d | latin small letter e with ogonek (right hook) |
{equals} | 3Dx | 061d | equals sign |
{esc} | 1Bx | 027d | escape |
{Eth} | A3x | 163d | latin large letter eth |
{eth} | BAx | 186d | latin small letter eth |
{Euml} | E8x 45x | 232d 069d | latin large letter e with umlaut |
{euml} | E8x 65x | 232d 101d | latin small letter e with umlaut |
{excl} | 21x | 033d | exclamation point |
{F} | 46x | 070d | latin large letter f |
{f} | 66x | 102d | latin small letter f |
{F0} | F0x | 240d | combining cedilla |
{F1} | F1x | 241d | combining ogonek |
{F2} | F2x | 242d | combining dot below |
{F3} | F3x | 243d | combining double dot below |
{F4} | F4x | 244d | combining ring below |
{F5} | F5x | 245d | combining double underscore |
{F6} | F6x | 246d | combining underscore |
{F7} | F7x | 247d | combining comma below |
{F8} | F8x | 248d | combining right cedilla |
{F9} | F9x | 249d | combining breve below |
{FA} | FAx | 250d | combining double tilde left half |
{FB} | FBx | 251d | combining double tilde right half |
{FC} | FCx | 252d | hex value FC |
{FD} | FDx | 253d | hex value FD |
{FE} | FEx | 254d | combining comma above |
{FF} | FFx | 255d | hex value FF |
{flat} | A9x | 169d | musical flat sign |
{fnof} | 66x | 102d | curvy f (CP850) |
{frac12} | 31x 2Fx 32x | 049d 047d 050d | fraction 1/2 |
{frac14} | 31x 2Fx 34x | 049d 047d 052d | fraction 1/4 |
{frac34} | 33x 2Fx 34x | 051d 047d 052d | fraction 3/4 |
{G} | 47x | 071d | latin large letter g |
{g} | 67x | 103d | latin small letter g |
{ggr} | 67x | 103d | greek small letter gamma |
{grave} | E1x | 225d | combining grave |
{greek} | 67x | 103d | begin greek script |
{gs} | 1Dx | 029d | group separator (end of record) |
{gt} | 3Ex | 062d | greater than |
{H} | 48x | 072d | latin large letter h |
{h} | 68x | 104d | latin small letter h |
{hardsign} | B7x | 183d | modifier letter hard sign |
{hebrew} | 28x 32x | 040d 050d | begin hebrew script |
{hellip} | 2Ex 2Ex 2Ex | 046d 046d 046d | ellipsis |
{hooka} | E0x | 224d | combining hook above |
{hookl} | F7x | 247d | combining left hook |
{hookr} | F1x | 241d | combining right hook |
{hyphen} | 2Dx | 045d | hyphen (minus) |
{I} | 49x | 073d | latin large letter i |
{i} | 69x | 105d | latin small letter i |
{Iacute} | E2x 49x | 226d 073d | latin large letter i with acute |
{iacute} | E2x 69x | 226d 105d | latin small letter i with acute |
{Icaron} | E9x 49x | 233d 073d | latin large letter i with caron |
{icaron} | E9x 69x | 233d 105d | latin small letter i with caron |
{Icirc} | E3x 49x | 227d 073d | latin large letter i with circumflex |
{icirc} | E3x 69x | 227d 105d | latin small letter i with circumflex |
{Idot} | E7x 49x | 231d 073d | latin large letter i with dot |
{iexcl} | C6x | 198d | inverted exclamation mark |
{Igrave} | E1x 49x | 225d 073d | latin large letter i with grave |
{igrave} | E1x 69x | 225d 105d | latin small letter i with grave |
{IJlig} | 49x 4Ax | 073d 074d | latin large letter ij |
{ijlig} | 69x 6Ax | 105d 106d | latin small letter ij |
{inodot} | B8x | 184d | latin small letter dotless i |
{iquest} | C5x | 197d | inverted question mark |
{Iuml} | E8x 49x | 232d 073d | latin large letter i with umlaut |
{iuml} | E8x 69x | 232d 105d | latin small letter i with umlaut |
{J} | 4Ax | 074d | latin large letter j |
{j} | 6Ax | 106d | latin small letter j |
{joiner} | 8Dx | 141d | zero width joiner |
{K} | 4Bx | 075d | latin large letter k |
{k} | 6Bx | 107d | latin small letter k |
{L} | 4Cx | 076d | latin large letter l |
{l} | 6Cx | 108d | latin small letter l |
{Lacute} | E2x 4Cx | 226d 076d | latin large letter l with acute |
{lacute} | E2x 6Cx | 226d 108d | latin small letter l with acute |
{laquo} | 22x | 034d | left-pointing double angle quotation mark |
{latin} | 28x 42x | 040d 066d | begin latin script |
{lcub} | 7Bx | 123d | opening curly brace |
{ldbltil} | FAx | 250d | combining double tilde left half |
{ldquo} | 22x | 034d | left double quotation mark |
{ldquofh} | 22x | 034d | falling double quotation mark left (high) |
{ldquor} | 22x | 034d | rising double quotation mark left (high) |
{llig} | EBx | 235d | combining ligature left half |
{lpar} | 28x | 040d | left parenthesis |
{lsqb} | 5Bx | 091d | left bracket |
{lsquo} | 27x | 039d | left single quotation mark |
{lsquor} | 27x | 039d | rising single quotation left (low) |
{Lstrok} | A1x | 161d | latin large letter l with stroke |
{lstrok} | B1x | 177d | latin small letter l with stroke |
{lt} | 3Cx | 060d | less than |
{M} | 4Dx | 077d | latin large letter m |
{m} | 6Dx | 109d | latin small letter m |
{macr} | E5x | 229d | combining macron |
{mdash} | 2Dx 2Dx | 045d 045d | m dash |
{middot} | A8x | 168d | middle dot |
{mllhring} | B0x | 176d | modifier letter left half ring (ayn) |
{mlPrime} | B7x | 183d | modifier letter double prime (hard sign) |
{mlprime} | A7x | 167d | modifier letter prime (soft sign) |
{mlrhring} | AEx | 174d | modifier letter right half ring (alif) |
{N} | 4Ex | 078d | latin large letter n |
{n} | 6Ex | 110d | latin small letter n |
{Nacute} | E2x 4Ex | 226d 078d | latin large letter n with acute |
{nacute} | E2x 6Ex | 226d 110d | latin small letter n with acute |
{Ncaron} | E9x 4Ex | 233d 078d | latin large letter n with caron |
{ncaron} | E9x 6Ex | 233d 110d | latin small letter n with caron |
{ndash} | 2Dx 2Dx | 045d 045d | m dash |
{nonjoin} | 8Ex | 142d | zero width non-joiner |
{Ntilde} | E4x 4Ex | 180d 078d | latin large letter n with tilde |
{ntilde} | E4x 6Ex | 180d 110d | latin small letter n with tilde |
{num} | 23x | 035d | number sign |
{O} | 4Fx | 079d | latin large letter o |
{o} | 6Fx | 111d | latin small letter o |
{Oacute} | E2x 4Fx | 226d 079d | latin large letter o with acute |
{oacute} | E2x 6Fx | 226d 111d | latin small letter o with acute |
{Ocirc} | E3x 4Fx | 227d 079d | latin large letter o with circ |
{ocirc} | E3x 6Fx | 227d 111d | latin small letter o with circ |
{Odblac} | EEx 4Fx | 238d 079d | latin large letter o double acute |
{odblac} | EEx 6Fx | 238d 111d | latin small letter o double acute |
{OElig} | A6x | 166d | latin large letter OE |
{oelig} | B6x | 182d | latin small letter oe |
{ogon} | F1x | 241d | combining ogonek (hook right) |
{Ograve} | E1x 4Fx | 225d 079d | latin large letter o with grave |
{ograve} | E1x 6Fx | 225d 111d | latin small letter o with grave |
{Ohorn} | ACx | 172d | latin large letter o with horn |
{ohorn} | BCx | 188d | latin small letter o with horn |
{ordf} | 61x | 097d | feminine ordinal indicator |
{ordm} | 6Fx | 111d | masculine ordinal indicator |
{Ostrok} | A2x | 162d | latin large letter o with stroke |
{ostrok} | B2x | 178d | latin small letter o with stroke |
{osuper} | 6Fx | 111d | latin small letter superscript o |
{Otilde} | E4x 4Fx | 228d 079d | latin large letter o with tilde |
{otilde} | E4x 6Fx | 228d 111d | latin small letter o with tilde |
{Ouml} | E8x 4Fx | 232d 079d | latin large letter o with uml |
{ouml} | E8x 6Fx | 232d 111d | latin small letter o with uml |
{P} | 50x | 080d | latin large letter p |
{p} | 70x | 112d | latin small letter p |
{para} | 7Cx | 124d | pilcrow (paragraph) |
{percnt} | 25x | 037d | percent sign |
{period} | 2Ex | 046d | period (decimal point) |
{phono} | C2x | 194d | sound recording copyright |
{pipe} | 7Cx | 124d | pipe |
{plus} | 2Bx | 043d | plus |
{plusmn} | ABx | 171d | plus-minus sign |
{pound} | B9x | 185d | pound sign |
{Q} | 51x | 081d | latin large letter q |
{q} | 71x | 113d | latin small letter q |
{quest} | 3Fx | 063d | question mark |
{quot} | 22x | 034d | quotation mark |
{R} | 52x | 082d | latin large letter r |
{r} | 72x | 114d | latin small letter r |
{Racute} | E2x 52x | 226d 082d | latin large letter r with acute |
{racute} | E2x 72x | 226d 114d | latin small letter r with acute |
{raquo} | 22x | 034d | right-pointing double angle quotation mark |
{Rcaron} | E9x 52x | 233d 082d | latin large letter r with caron |
{rcaron} | E9x 72x | 233d 114d | latin small letter r with caron |
{rcedil} | F8x | 248d | combining right cedilla |
{rcommaa} | EDx | 237d | combining comma above right |
{rcub} | 7Dx | 125d | closing curly brace |
{rdbltil} | FBx | 251d | combining double tilde right half |
{rdquo} | 22x | 034d | right double quotation mark |
{rdquofh} | 22x | 034d | falling double quotation right (high) |
{rdquor} | 22x | 034d | rising double quotation right (high) |
{reg} | AAx | 170d | registered sign |
{ring} | EAx | 234d | combining ring above |
{ringb} | F4x | 244d | combining ring below |
{rlig} | ECx | 236d | combining ligature right half |
{rpar} | 29x | 041d | right parenthesis |
{rs} | 1Ex | 030d | record separator (end of field) |
{rsqb} | 5Dx | 093d | right bracket |
{rsquo} | 27x | 039d | right single quotation mark |
{rsquor} | 27x | 039d | rising single quotation right (high) |
{S} | 53x | 083d | latin large letter s |
{s} | 73x | 115d | latin small letter s |
{Sacute} | E2x 53x | 226d 083d | latin large letter s with acute |
{sacute} | E2x 73x | 226d 115d | latin small letter s with acute |
{Scommab} | F7x 53x | 247d 083d | latin large letter s with comma below |
{scommab} | F7x 73x | 247d 115d | latin small letter s with comma below |
{scriptl} | C1x | 193d | latin small letter script l |
{sect} | 7Cx | 124d | section sign |
{semi} | 3Bx | 059d | semicolon |
{sharp} | C4x | 196d | sharp |
{shy} | 2Dx | 045d | soft hyphen (CP850) |
{softsign} | A7x | 167d | modifier letter soft sign |
{sol} | 2Fx | 047d | slash (solidus) |
{space} | 20x | 032d | space (blank) |
{spcirc} | 5Ex | 094d | spacing circumflex |
{spgrave} | 60x | 096d | spacing grave |
{sptilde} | 7Ex | 126d | spacing tilde |
{spundscr} | 5Fx | 095d | spacing underscore |
{squf} | 7Cx | 124d | fill character |
{sub} | 62x | 098d | begin subscript |
{sup1} | 1Bx 70x 31x 1Bx 73x | 027d 112d 049d 027d 115d | |
{sup2} | 1Bx 70x 32x 1Bx 73x | 027d 112d 050d 027d 115d | |
{sup3} | 1Bx 70x 33x 1Bx 73x | 027d 112d 051d 027d 115d | |
{super} | 70x | 112d | begin superscript |
{szlig} | 73x 73x | 115d 115d | latin small letter sharp s (german) |
{T} | 54x | 084d | latin large letter t |
{t} | 74x | 116d | latin small letter t |
{Tcaron} | E9x 54x | 233d 084d | latin large letter t with caron |
{tcaron} | E9x 74x | 233d 116d | latin small letter t with caron |
{Tcommab} | F7x 54x | 247d 084d | latin large letter t with comma below |
{tcommab} | F7x 74x | 247d 116d | latin small letter t with comma below |
{THORN} | A4x | 164d | latin large letter thorn (icelandic) |
{thorn} | B4x | 180d | latin small letter thorn (icelandic) |
{tilde} | E4x | 228d | combining tilde |
{times} | 78x | 120d | times sign |
{trade} | 28x 54x 6Dx 29x | 040d 084d 109d 041d | trade mark sign |
{U} | 55x | 085d | latin large letter u |
{u} | 75x | 117d | latin small letter u |
{Uacute} | E2x 55x | 226d 085d | latin large letter u with acute |
{uacute} | E2x 75x | 226d 117d | latin small letter u with acute |
{Ucirc} | E3x 55x | 227d 085d | latin large letter u with circ |
{ucirc} | E3x 75x | 227d 117d | latin small letter u with circ |
{Udblac} | EEx 55x | 238d 085d | latin large letter u with double acute |
{udblac} | EEx 75x | 238d 117d | latin small letter u with double acute |
{Ugrave} | E1x 55x | 225d 085d | latin large letter u with grave |
{ugrave} | E1x 75x | 225d 117d | latin small letter u with grave |
{Uhorn} | ADx | 173d | latin large letter u with horn |
{uhorn} | BDx | 189d | latin small letter u with horn |
{uml} | E8x | 232d | combining umlaut |
{under} | F6x | 246d | combining underscore |
{Uring} | EAx 55x | 234d 085d | latin large letter u with ring |
{uring} | EAx 75x | 234d 117d | latin small letter u with ring |
{us} | 1Fx | 031d | unit separator (subfield delimiter) |
{Uuml} | E8x 55x | 232d 085d | latin large letter u with uml |
{uuml} | E8x 75x | 232d 117d | latin small letter u with uml |
{V} | 56x | 086d | latin large letter v |
{v} | 76x | 118d | latin small letter v |
{verbar} | 7Cx | 124d | vertical bar (fill character) |
{vlineb} | F2x | 242d | combining vertical line below |
{W} | 57x | 087d | latin large letter w |
{w} | 77x | 119d | latin small letter w |
{X} | 58x | 088d | latin large letter x |
{x} | 78x | 120d | latin small letter x |
{Y} | 59x | 089d | latin large letter y |
{y} | 79x | 121d | latin small letter y |
{Yacute} | E2x 59x | 226d 089d | latin large letter y with acute |
{yacute} | E2x 79x | 226d 121d | latin small letter y with acute |
{yen} | 59x | 089d | yen (CP850) |
{Z} | 5Ax | 090d | latin large letter z |
{z} | 7Ax | 122d | latin small letter z |
{Zacute} | E2x 5Ax | 226d 090d | latin large letter z with acute |
{zacute} | E2x 7Ax | 226d 122d | latin small letter z with acute |
{Zdot} | E7x 5Ax | 231d 090d | latin large letter z with dot above |
{zdot} | E7x 7Ax | 231d 122d | latin small letter z with dot above |
{Acy} | 41x | 065d | cyrillic large letter a |
{acy} | 61x | 097d | cyrillic small letter a |
{Bcy} | 42x | 066d | cyrillic large letter be |
{bcy} | 62x | 098d | cyrillic small letter be |
{CHcy} | 43x 68x | 067d 104d | cyrillic large letter cha |
{chcy} | 63x 68x | 099d 104d | cyrillic small letter cha |
{Dcy} | 44x | 068d | cyrillic large letter de |
{dcy} | 64x | 100d | cyrillic small letter de |
{DJEcy} | A3x | 163d | cyrillic large letter dje |
{djecy} | B3x | 179d | cyrillic small letter dje |
{DZEcy} | 44x 7Ax | 068d 122d | cyrillic large letter dze |
{dzecy} | 64x 7Ax | 100d 122d | cyrillic small letter dze |
{DZHEcy} | 44x E9x 7Ax | 068d 233d 122d | cyrillic large letter dzhe |
{dzhecy} | 64x E9x 7Ax | 100d 233d 122d | cyrillic small letter dzhe |
{Ecy} | E7x 44x | 231d 069d | cyrillic large letter reversed e |
{ecy} | E7x 65x | 231d 101d | cyrillic small letter reversed e |
{Fcy} | 46x | 070d | cyrillic large letter ef |
{fcy} | 66x | 102d | cyrillic small letter ef |
{Gcy} | 47x | 071d | cyrillic large letter ge |
{gcy} | 67x | 103d | cyrillic small letter ge |
{GEcy} | 47x | 071d | cyrillic large letter ge |
{gecy} | 67x | 103d | cyrillic small letter ge |
{GHcy} | 47x | 071d | ukrainian large letter ghe |
{ghcy} | 67x | 103d | ukrainian small letter ghe |
{GJEcy} | E2x 47x | 226d 071d | cyrillic large letter gje |
{gjecy} | E2x 67x | 226d 103d | cyrillic small letter gje |
{HARDcy} | B7x | 183d | cyrillic large letter hardsign |
{hardcy} | B7x | 183d | cyrillic small letter hardsign |
{Hcy} | 48x | 072d | cyrillic large letter he |
{hcy} | 68x | 104d | cyrillic small letter he |
{Icy} | 49x | 073d | cyrillic large letter ii |
{icy} | 69x | 105d | cyrillic small letter ii |
{IEcy} | EBx 49x ECx 45x | 235d 073d 236d 069d | cyrillic large letter ie |
{iecy} | EBx 69x ECx 65x | 235d 105d 236d 101d | cyrillic small letter ie |
{IOcy} | EBx 49x ECx 4Fx | 235d 073d 236d 079d | cyrillic large letter io |
{iocy} | EBx 69x ECx 6Fx | 235d 105d 236d 111d | cyrillic small letter io |
{Iumlcy} | E8x 49x | 232d 073d | cyrillic large letter i with umlaut |
{iumlcy} | E8x 69x | 232d 105d | cyrillic small letter i with umlaut |
{IYcy} | 59x | 089d | cyrillic large letter ukranian y |
{iycy} | 79x | 121d | cyrillic small letter ukranian y |
{Jcy} | E6x 49x | 230d 073d | cyrillic large letter short ii |
{jcy} | E6x 69x | 230d 105d | cyrillic small letter short ii |
{JEcy} | 4Ax | 074d | cyrillic large letter je |
{jecy} | 6Ax | 106d | cyrillic small letter je |
{JIcy} | E8x 49x | 232d 073d | cyrillic large letter ji |
{jicy} | E8x 69x | 232d 105d | cyrillic small letter ji |
{Kcy} | 4Bx | 075d | cyrillic large letter ka |
{kcy} | 6Bx | 107d | cyrillic small letter ka |
{KHcy} | 4Bx 68x | 075d 104d | cyrillic large letter kha |
{khcy} | 6Bx 68x | 107d 104d | cyrillic small letter kha |
{KJEcy} | E2x 4Bx | 226d 075d | cyrillic large letter kje |
{kjecy} | E2x 6Bx | 226d 107d | cyrillic small letter kje |
{Lcy} | 4Cx | 076d | cyrillic large letter el |
{lcy} | 6Cx | 108d | cyrillic small letter el |
{LJEcy} | 4Cx 6Ax | 076d 106d | cyrillic large letter lje |
{ljecy} | 6Cx 6Ax | 108d 106d | cyrillic small letter lje |
{Mcy} | 4Dx | 077d | cyrillic large letter em |
{mcy} | 6Dx | 109d | cyrillic small letter em |
{Ncy} | 4Ex | 078d | cyrillic large letter en |
{ncy} | 6Ex | 110d | cyrillic small letter en |
{NJEcy} | 4Ex 6Ax | 078d 106d | cyrillic large letter nj |
{njecy} | 6Ex 6Ax | 110d 106d | cyrillic small letter nj |
{No} | 4Ex 6Fx 2Ex | 078d 111d 046d | cyrillic abbr. for “nomer” |
{Ocy} | 4Fx | 079d | cyrillic large letter o |
{ocy} | 6Fx | 111d | cyrillic small letter o |
{Pcy} | 50x | 080d | cyrillic large letter pe |
{pcy} | 70x | 112d | cyrillic small letter pe |
{Rcy} | 52x | 082d | cyrillic large letter er |
{rcy} | 72x | 114d | cyrillic small letter er |
{Scy} | 53x | 083d | cyrillic large letter es |
{scy} | 73x | 115d | cyrillic small letter es |
{SHCHcy} | 53x 68x 63x 68x | 083d 104d 099d 104d | cyrillic large letter shcha |
{shchcy} | 73x 68x 63x 68x | 115d 104d 099d 104d | cyrillic small letter shcha |
{SHcy} | 53x 68x | 083d 104d | cyrillic large letter sha |
{shcy} | 73x 68x | 115d 104d | cyrillic small letter sha |
{SOFTcy} | A7x | 167d | cyrillic large letter softsign |
{softcy} | A7x | 167d | cyrillic smalll letter softsign |
{Tcy} | 54x | 084d | cyrillic large letter te |
{tcy} | 74x | 116d | cyrillic small letter te |
{TSHEcy} | E2x 43x | 226d 067d | cyrillic large letter tshe |
{tshecy} | E2x 63x | 226d 099d | cyrillic small letter tshe |
{TScy} | EBx 54x ECx 53x | 235d 084d 236d 083d | cyrillic large letter tse |
{tscy} | EBx 74x ECx 73x | 235d 116d 236d 115d | cyrillic small letter tse |
{Ucy} | 55x | 085d | cyrillic large letter u |
{ucy} | 75x | 117d | cyrillic small letter u |
{Vcy} | 56x | 086d | cyrillic large letter ve |
{vcy} | 76x | 118d | cyrillic small letter ve |
{YAcy} | EBx 49x ECx 41x | 235d 073d 236d 065d | cyrillic large letter ia |
{yacy} | EBx 69x ECx 61x | 235d 105d 236d 097d | cyrillic small letter ia |
{Ycy} | 59x | 089d | cyrillic large letter yeri |
{ycy} | 79x | 121d | cyrillic small letter yeri |
{YEcy} | 45x | 069d | cyrillic large letter ye |
{yecy} | 65x | 101d | cyrillic small letter ye |
{YIcy} | 49x | 073d | cyrillic large letter yi |
{yicy} | 69x | 105d | cyrillic small letter yi |
{YIumlcy} | E8x 49x | 232d 073d | cyrillic large letter yi with umlaut |
{yiumlcy} | E8x 69x | 232d 105d | cyrillic small letter yi |
{YUcy} | EBx 49x ECx 55x | 235d 073d 236d 085d | cyrillic large letter iu |
{yucy} | EBx 69x ECx 75x | 235d 105d 236d 117d | cyrillic small letter iu |
{Zcy} | 5Ax | 090d | cyrillic large letter ze |
{zcy} | 7Ax | 122d | cyrillic small letter ze |
{ZHcy} | 5Ax 68x | 090d 104d | cyrillic large letter zhe |
{zhcy} | 7Ax 68x | 122d 104d | cyrillic small letter zhe |
{ZHcyua} | EBx 5Ax ECx 68x | 235d 090d 236d 104d | ukrainian large letter zhe |
{zhcyua} | EBx 7Ax ECx 68x | 235d 122d 236d 104d | ukrainian small letter zhe |
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