Multiple Words
When searching multiple words the system will automatically supply the Boolean "and" operator between each word; multiple words entered for the search will all occur somewhere in the retrieved records though not necessarily in the order entered. Both examples on the right will retrieve the same results.

national atlantic treaty organization

national and atlantic and treaty and organization

Phrase Searches
Search for complete phrases by enclosing them in quotation marks. Words enclosed in double quotes will appear together in all results exactly as typed.

"national atlantic treaty organization"

Full-text Searches
Search for keywords or phrases within the full text of USIP Special Reports and Peaceworks. Using the Document field limiter, enter the keyword(s) or phrase.

ancestral domain

Wildcards
Words may be right-hand truncated using an asterisk. Use a single asterisk * to truncate from 1-5 characters. Use a double asterisk ** for open-ended truncation.
You may also use a question mark ('?') to replace a single character anywhere within a word.

peacekeep* operation*

inter**

wom?n

Boolean Operators
Use AND or OR to specify multiple words in any field, any order. Use AND NOT to exclude words. Select the operator you wish to use from the selection list. Parentheses group words together when using Boolean operators.

genocide and rwanda, (china or taiwan) , (human rights and not amnesty)

Proximity Operators
The NEAR operator is used to retrieve records that contain the specified words or phrases within ten words of each other in the same indexed field.

The WITHIN operator is similar to the NEAR operator, but allows the user to specify the maximum number of words that may appear between the specified words. WITHIN 10 and NEAR are equivalent.

international near conference

truth within 3 reconciliation

Field limits
Field limits may be specified by selecting a field limit from the selection list in the form above. These limits appear before the word or phrase to be searched. A field limit causes the system to search only the specified field for the specified word(s). The following field limits are supported: