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About Our Work:
Surveillance (Last Updated: January 2005) |
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Closely tracking trends in HIV/AIDS risk behaviors, prevalence, incidence,
and
deaths helps inform policymakers about the realities and priorities in relation
to
the HIV epidemic. Surveillance systems can be used to assess the extent,
trends, and impact of the HIV epidemic, and also the success of HIV prevention
and care efforts.
The data gathered by surveillance systems are useful for setting or modifying
priorities for prevention, care and treatment. However, faced with competing
priorities, many developing countries have not been able to sustain a reliable
HIV/AIDS surveillance system, and are unable to provide the critical data and
analysis needed for decision- making.
The U.S. Government (USG) through the Global AIDS Program (GAP) assists
host countries in enhancing or developing HIV surveillance systems, as well as
using the results of surveillance surveys. GAP negotiates specific technical
assistance
activities with each host country, taking into consideration capacity as
well as existing partnerships and activities.
In Angola, Guyana, Kenya, Nigeria, Botswana, Ethiopia, Zambia, Tanzania,
Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe with U.S. Government
(USG) funding, GAP... assists with training, and financial support for prenatal HIV
sentinel
surveillance.
In Cambodia and Vietnam, with USG funding, GAP... assists with
training
and financial support for HIV sentinel surveillance in high risk groups such as
police, injection drug users, commercial sex workers.
In Kenya, Uganda, Haiti, Cambodia, Vietnam, Côte d'Ivoire and Zimbabwe... assists with protocol
development, HIV testing, implementation and analysis of a population-based
survey with HIV testing.
"Sur-veil-lance: to keep close watch over"
What HIV/AIDS trends does CDC track?
- Serologic surveillance: the level of HIV infection in the
population and trends in HIV infection levels.
- Behavioral surveillance: the risks for HIV and analysis of how
those behaviors impact HIV levels and changes in those levels.
- Morbidity surveillance: the proportion of persons with HIV
infection who are ill and trends in this proportion over time.
- Mortality surveillance: the trends in deaths due to HIV over time.
BED Assay Recommendations
The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS
Relief Surveillance and Survey and Laboratory
Working Groups have developed interim
recommendations for BED assay for HIV-1
incidence estimation and surveillance in U.S.
government supported activities.
The interim recommendations state that the BED
assay can be applied to sentinel or
population-based surveys and HIV-1 prevention
intervention designs to estimate HIV-1 incidence
if appropriate adjustments are made and
appropriate experts are consulted. (The contact
information of these experts is contained within
these interim recommendations). Furthermore, the
BED assay can be used to estimate HIV-1
incidence in case-based HIV-1 surveillance
systems only under certain circumstances.
For more information regarding the use of BED
assay for HIV-1 incidence estimation and
surveillance, contact Dr. Bharat Parekh (BParekh@cdc.gov)
or Dr. Andrea Kim (AAKim@cdc.gov).
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