USGS Geoscience Data Catalog
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Colman, Steven M., Foster, David S., and Hatton, Josephine, 1996, High-Resolution Seismic-Reflection Surveys of Lake Baikal, Siberia, 1990-1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-274.
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
From 1990 to 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Limnological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Irkutsk, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the University of South Carolina, conducted three scientific expeditions on Lake Baikal, Siberia. These expeditions were part of a joint Russian-American project to obtain and decipher the paleoclimate record contained in the sediments of Lake Baikal (Lake Baikal Paleoclimate Project Members, 1992). These expeditions had two primary thrusts, (1) to obtain high-resolution seismic- reflection profiles of selected areas of the lake, and (2) to obtain sediment cores for paleoclimatic and paleolimnological analyses.
Colman, S.M., Karabanov, E.B., Williams, D.F., Hearn, P.P. Jr., King, J.W., Orem, W.H., Bradbury, J.P., Shanks, W.C. III, Jones, G.A., and Carter, S.J., 1992, Lake Baikal paleoclimate project, southeastern Siberia: Initial dating and paleoenvironmental results: IPPCCE Newsletter no. 6.
Colman, S.M., Hutchinson, D.R., Scholz, C.A.,, and Golmshtok, A.J., 1993, Interaction between deltaic sedimentation and tectonics in a large rift: Selenga Delta, Lake Baikal, Siberia: EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union volume 74.
Colman, S.M., Karabanov, E.B., Nelson, C.H. III, and Bardardinov, A.A., Unknown, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of sediments in Lake Baikal from high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles:.This is part of the following larger work.
Mats, V., and Hutchinson, D.R., Unknown, The Geology of Lake Baikal: Cambridge University Press, London.
Hutchinson, D.R., Golmshtok, A.J., Zonenshain, L.P., Moore, T.C., Scholz, C.A., and Klitgord, K.D., 1992, Depositional and tectonic framework of the rift basins of Lake Baikal from multichannel seismic data.: Geology volume 20, Geological Society of America, Kansas, USA.
Lake Baikal Paleoclimate Project Members, 1992, Initial results of the joint Russian-American project on the paleoclimatic record of Lake Baikal, southeastern Siberia: EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union volume 73, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.,.
Levi, K.J. et al., 1992, The map of active faults of Baikal:.This is part of the following larger work.
Congress, International Geological , 1992, Abstracts, 29th International Geological Congress: International Geological Congress, Kyoto, Japan.
Wong, H.K., Liebzeit, G., Anton, K., and von Haugwitz, W., 1990, Unpublished cruise report, on file at Limnological Institute, Irkutsk,Russia..
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Person who carried out this activity:
(508) 457-2341 (voice)
scolman@usgs.gov
Subbottom Seismic-reflection Profiling using the ORE 3.5 kHz sub-
bottom profiling system.
The 3.5 kHz profiles are of generally of excellent quality. They
typically provide vertical resolution of less than 0.5 m and
subbottom penetration of 30 to 50 m in mid-range (500-1000 m) water
depths. Under favorable water-depth and sediment condition (soft,
fine-grained deposits), subbottom penetration was well in excess of
50 m.
In most water depths subbottom reflections were successfully acquired
using this technique. However, over the deepest part of the lake
(more than about 1400 m), the seismic data became somewhat distorted
and weak due to several contributing factors, including signal
attenuation in the water column, loss of energy by reflections from
thermocline layers, and the limited beam-width output from the
four-transducer array.
Subbottom Seismic-reflection Profiling using the Huntec
shallow-towed, broad-band, electromechanical "boomer system" during
the 1990 expedition.
The boomer system proved to be inadequate at maximum power output
levels (one kilojoule (kj)), apparently due to signal attenuation in
the water column and to high levels of ship noise in the frequency
band of the boomer source.
Subbottom Seismic-reflection Profiling using a 15-cubic-inch water
gun and 200-element hydrophone acquisition system.
The water-gun data are of excellent quality, but required
processing to achieve their full utility. Typical sediment
penetration in mid-range (500-1000 m) water depths was 200 to 400
m. Vertical resolution was less than one meter. Signal attenuation
and sediment type affected subbottom penetration, but under
favorable conditions, penetration of 500 to 600 m was achieved.
Excellent records were obtained from the floor of the North Basin
of the lake, which is underlain by sandy turbidites, indicating
that coarse-grained sediments had less of an effect on the quality
and penetration of the water-gun data than they did for the 3.5 kHz
data.
A non-differential Magellan Nav Pro 1000 Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system was used fo rpositioning. This system provided accuracy of about 100 m. Positions were recorded on computer disk at 10-second intervals.
Subbottom Seismic-reflection Profiling using the ORE 3.5 kHz sub-
bottom profiling system.
During the 1991 and 1992 expeditions, the 3.5 kHz data acquisition
system remained the same. However, during the 1992 expedition, two
of the four transducers failed, so that adequate subbottom records
could only be obtained in water depths shallower than about 500 m.
Navigational Data
ASCII text files containing shiptrack data consisting of date, time, latitude
and longitude are supplied for each cruise. The format of indivdual data
records is different for each year. Data for each year is recorded as follows:
1990 record format: HH:mm:SS.S LL.LLLLLLLLL NNN.NNNNNNNNN
1991 record format: MMDDYY HH.mm.SS.S LL.LLLLLLLLL NNN.NNNNNNNNN
1992 record format: JJJ:HH:mm:SS LL.LLLLLL NNN.NNNNNN
Y = Year
M = Month
D = Day
J = Julian day
H = Hour
m = Minute
S = Second
L = Latitude
N = Longitude
An exception occurs in the 1992 data where the sampling interval increases
from approximately 10 seconds to several minutes. Seconds are no longer
recorded and the decimal fields of latitude and longitude expand.
The exceptional format is: JJJ:HH:mm LL.LLLLLLLLL NNN.NNNNNNNNN
This format is used from 206:13:00 to 206:15:45 (Julian) and represents the
end of line 19 and lines 20 and 21 in their entirety.
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints: None
(303) 202-4210 (voice)
(303) 236-4031 (FAX)
USGS Open-File Report 96-274 High-Resolution Seismic-Reflection Surveys of Lake Baikal, Siberia, 1990-1992
This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards (or with the North American Stratigraphic Code). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Use of this dataset requires a computer equipped with a CD-ROM reader and sufficient graphics and processing capability to run HTML browser software such as NCSA Mosaic.
The original seismic data files are included with the CD-ROM distribution in compressed form. GZIP, a commonly available data compression / decompression program must be used do decompress the files. The decompressed files are in "SEGY" format. This format is common to most seismic data-processing software.
(703) 648-5285 (voice)
(703) 648-6560 (FAX)
kfoley@usgs.gov
U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey
URL: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/open-file/96-274/metadata.faq.html
Page Contact Information: Peter Schweitzer
Page Last Modified: Monday, 10-Nov-2008 12:19:49 EST
